九年级英语复习非谓语动词（一）人教四年制版知识精讲

九年级英语九年级英语复习非谓语动词 一 复习非谓语动词 一 人教四年制版人教四年制版 同步教育信息同步教育信息 一 本周教学内容 复习非谓语动词 一 二 重 难点 一 动词不定式 动词不定式的基本形式是 to 动词原形 有时可以不带 to 不带 to 的不定式与 动词原形同形 但它不是原形 而是一种语法形式 除基本助动词 do 和情态动词外 英语 动词都有不定式形式 不定式的否定式是 not 不定式 如 Try not to be late 争取不要迟到 Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy 玛丽让我别把笔给吉米 She decided not to come here again 她决定不再到这儿来 注意 注意 不定式的否定式和否定句的区别 I didn t ask him to open the door 我没让他把门打开 I ask him not to open the door 我让他别把门打开 1 不定式有时态 语态变化 以 do 为例 语态 时态 主动语态被动语态 一般式to doto be done 进行式to be doing 完成式to have doneto have been done 完成进行式to have been doing 1 不定式的进行时态 to be 动词的现在分词 表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行 如 It s nice to be sitting here with you 在这儿陪着你坐是非常愉快的 It s unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time 他老是谈论这件事 很不明智 2 不定式的完成时态 to have 动词的过去分词 表示在谓语动词表示的动作或状态发生时已经完成 如 She said she was sorry to have missed you 她说她没见到你很遗憾 He seemed to have visited our factory 他好像参观过我们的工厂 3 动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义 如 I didn t want to be told about it 我不想被告知这件事 Nothing seems to have been forgotten 似乎什么也没有被遗忘 2 动词不定式的句法作用 1 作主语 动词不定式短语作主语时谓语的词要用第三人称单数 有时可用先行词 it 作形式主语 把动词不定式短语放在谓语动词后面 如 To obey the laws is everyone s duty It is everyone s duty to obey the laws 服从法律是每个人的职责 To learn English well is not easy It isn t easy to learn English well 学好英语不容易 2 作表语 作表语 一般紧跟在系动词 be seem get等后面 用以说明主语是什么或干什么 如 The question is when to start 问题是什么时候启程 They seem to have a lot of money 他们似乎有很多钱 What we have to do first is to find a solution 我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法 注意 注意 当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时 这个不定式只作单纯的表语 而不具有未来的含义 3 作宾语 能接不定式作宾语的动词很多 常见的有 agree begin decide expect forget hope learn like manage pretend start try wan t wish 如 Do you wish to see the manager 你想见经理吗 He likes to have a good meal at midday 他喜欢中午吃一顿好饭 有些动词 如 tell advise show teach know forget learn remember understand see wonder hea r find out explain decide discuss 等后面 常常接带疑问词的不定式作宾语 如 We asked how to get to the station 我们问怎么到达车站 Have you decided where to go for your holidays 你们决定到哪儿度假了吗 4 作定语 He has a lot of books to read 他有许多书要读 I have no time to waste 我没有时间可浪费 注意 注意 不定式修饰 something anything nothing时 放在它们的后面 如果 something anything nothing有形容词来修饰 词序是 something nothing 形容词 不定 式 如 My father had something important to do 我父亲有要事要办 Would you like something to drink 你想喝点什么吗 5 作状语 不定式常可用作状语 修饰动词 表示行为的目的 结果 原因等 一般放在被修饰词之后 但在作目的状语时 为了强调也可放在句首 作目的状语 为加强语气在不定式前还可加上 in order或 so as 组成词组 in order to do so as to do 作目的状语 如 To live a long and healthy life we must learn to have a balanced diet 为了能过长寿而健康的生活 我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品 In order to help him we would do everything we can 为了帮助他 我们愿望尽一切力量 结果状语 动词不定式表结果 其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语 在 so as to such as to enough to only to 以及 too to 等结构中的不定式皆表示结果 如 She is old enough to go to school 她已经到了可以上学的年龄了 He was too drunk to drive home 他酩酊大醉 没法开车回家 注意 注意 so as to 既可表示 目的 又可表示 结果 其位置一般在句中 否定结构用 so as not to so as to 只能表示 结果 否定结构用 so as not to enough to 表示肯定 的结果 too to 表示否定的结果 作原因状语 We re proud to be young people of China 作为中国的青年 我们感到自豪 She trembled to think of the terrible accident 想到那可怕的车祸 她就不寒而栗 6 宾语补足语 有很多动词的后面都可以接不定式作宾语补足语 常见的这类动词有 advise ask tell help wish want expect forbid persuade press request teach war n 等 如 She asked her grandfather to play game with her 她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏 Mother told me to cook the meal 妈妈叫我做饭 有一些动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带 to 这种动词有两类 一类是感 官动词 如 feel see hear watch notice等 另一类是使役动词 如 make let have 等 上述感官动词与使役动词转换为被动结构时 其后的不定式仍须带 to 如 Let me do it for you 让我替你做 I made him work hard 我迫使她加劲干 动词 help 之后 作宾语补足语的不定式可带 to 亦可不带 to 如 Can you help me to move this table 你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗 The little girl helped the old man to get on the bus 这位小女孩帮助老人上车 I help my brother to study English 我帮助我弟弟学英语 在上述动词转换为被动语态结构时 其后的不定式必须带 to 如 He was seen to enter the theatre 有人看见他走进了剧院 I was made to do my homework the whole night 我被迫整晚做作业 They are often heard to sing this song 常常听到他们唱这首歌 感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式 不带 to 的不定式和动词 ing 形式 如 I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past 我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌 路过的瞬间正在唱 所以用 singing We often hear Meimei sing in her room 我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌 经常听见 用不定式 I saw him come in I saw him coming in 两句话的意思都一样 我看见他进来 用不定式着重于动作的全过程 用动词 ing 形 式则是强调当时动作的进行情况 在复合结构中 当不定式作直接宾语 而后面还有宾语补足语时 这时可以把不 定式放在补足语的后面 而用形式宾语 it 代替它 如 I find it easy to learn English well 我发现要把英语学好很容易 3 注意事项 1 在以某些形容词 如 kind good silly honest bad stupid clever cruel nice rude wise wrong等作表语 表内在品质时 后面需用以 of 名词 或代词宾格 不定式 结构 以说明不定式所表 示的动作的执行者是谁 即 of 短语是不定式的逻辑主语 如 It s very good of you to come 谢谢你的光临 How silly of you it is to make such a mistake 你出了这样的差错 多傻啊 It s very kind of you to say so 多谢你这么说 2 在 had better had best would rather would rather than would sooner would sooner than cannot but do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略 to 如 You had better write it in English 你最好用英文写 I would rather stay at home 我宁愿呆在家里 When SARS has been issue number one in China we can do nothing but pray 当 SARS 成了中国面临的头等大事时 我们只有祈祷 模拟试题模拟试题 答题时间 50 分钟 一 单项填空 从下列每小题所给的 A B C 和 D 四个选项中 选出可填入空白处的最佳答案 1 Jack bought useful book book is also very interesting A an The B an A C a The D a A 2 What can I do for you Five of please A pound fish B pounds fish C pound fishes D pounds fishes 3 I was walking in the street when I met a friend of I haven t seen for a long time A me her B mine him C mine his D my him 4 When was your mother born She was born on A June three nineteen forty five B June the third nineteen forty five C June third nineteen forty five D Nineteen forty five June third 5 A young man glasses came the office He had an old bag his arm A with into underB without in in C in out of underD with in on 6 I don t like football basketball What about you I m not sure I like volleyball A and but B nor and C or and D or but 7 China has joined WTO so I think English is useful than before We should work hard at it A more B less C much D very 8 Please keep in the library the librarian said to us A quiet quiet B quietly quietly C quietly quiet D quiet quietly 9 There is a car coming Oh Thanks A Look over B Look up C Look on D Look out 10 Have you mended your like Jack Yes I it ten minutes ago A have B had C mended D had mended 11 No one knows how the huge rocks and without our modern machines eight hundred years ago A were cut movedB are cutting moving C are cut movedD were cutting moving 12 Since Yang Liwei was sent into space China has been the third country its astronauts into space after Russia and the US A to send B sends C sending D send 13 The train is leaving right now but David hasn t arrived yet Don t worry He said he here on time A couldn t come B will be C would come D can be 14 Why didn t Nick come to school yesterday he was ill A After B When C Because D As soon as 15 The young lady we met yesterday is our new maths teacher A whom B whose C what D which 二 完形填空 阅读下面短文 根据短文的内容 从 A B C 和 D 四个选项中 选出可填入空白处 的最佳答案 A few days ago he was just Colonel 上校 Yang few people knew his name or recognized his face But last Thursday when he came back to the 1 after a 21 hour trip to space Yang Liwei s smile was seen across the world above the magic words China s 2 spaceman The 38 year old astronaut was sent into space at 9 00 a m last Wednesday by China s Shenzhou V spacecraft which circled the earth 14 times He 3 safely at 6 23 a m the next day making China the third country to 4 send a person into space Yang was born in an ordinary family in Liaoning Province He became 5 in the Chinese Air Force in 1987 He has 6 1 350 hours in the air He joined the Chinese space programme 11 years later While in space Yang recorded everything he saw and 7 China s national flag and the United Nations flag to the people who were watching on TV at home He also ate a meal of chicken and fried rice before taking a 3 hour sleep The whole project went according to plan 8 space exploration is not as easy as it seems Yang experienced very high temperature while the gravitational forces 地心引力 on taking off and landing were strong enough to force tears from his eyes When I stepped into the spacecraft for the first time I couldn t help feeling 9 he said I decide that I had to fly it To Chinese people Yang is now 10 One visitor to a Xinhua news agency on line forum 网上论坛 said Yang s trip is giant leap 飞跃 forward for China 1 A planeB earthC spaceD spacecraft 2 A firstB newestC bestD youngest 3 A ranB walkedC landedD travelled 4 A hardlyB successfullyC luckilyD easily 5 A a pilotB an officerC a plane makerD a worker 6 A spentB costC takenD paid 7 A pointedB showedC putD hung 8 A butB ifC asD since 9 A enjoyableB excitedC comfortableD sorry 10 A an inventorB an explorerC a heroD an astronaut 三 阅读理解 阅读下面的短文 然后从 A B C 和 D 四个选项中 选出一个最佳答案 A A king in India named Kaid had built a huge kingdom but he was sick at heart He called his minister Sassa to him and said Day and night I think about my past battles I dream of fighting and defeating enemies I can t sleep for thinking about unreal wars and victories 胜利 But I have no more enemies and it is wrong to make wars without any reason What can I do to get back my peace of mind The minister thought of a game which he had learnt from a Greek soldier He taught the rules to the king The king found the game so exciting that he was a happy man again He asked Sassa How can I reward 奖励 you Gold Jewels Or other valuable 贵重的 things Perhaps you want to marry one of my daughters Choose anything you like But Sassa said Take a grain of rice and place it on the first square of the board Put two grains on the second square Keep going doubling the number of grains each time until you have covered all the 64 squares on the board At first people laughed at Sassa They thought he was simple and silly But then they discovered that the rice would go beyond all the wealth 财富 in the known world 1 The king was unhappy because A he lost all his battlesB he had no more friends C he couldn t forget his pastD he was afraid of war 2 The minister taught the king how to play A a game B a part C a trick D a joke 3 According to what Sassa said on the fourth square one should put grains of rice A 4 B 6 C 8 D 10 4 Sassa asked for the rice because A he was simple and foolishB the total of rice cost more than others C rice was his favorite foodD rice was more valuable than gold 5 What s the best title for the passage A A King and His Minister B Expensive Rice C An Exciting Game D The Best Reward B Education is not an end but a way to an end In other words we do not educate children only for the purpose 目的 of educating them Our purpose is to fit them for life In some modern countries people think that by free education for all whether rich or poor clever or stupid one can solve all the problems of society and build a good nation But we can see that free for all is not enough we find in such countries many people with university degrees 学 位 but they refuse to do what they think low work and in fact work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries But we have to understand that the work of a farmer is more important than that of a professor We can live without education but we will die if we have no food If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses we should be ill In fact when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life it means that we must be educated in such a way that firstly each of us can do any work suited to him and secondly that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society Only such education can be considered valuable 有价值的 to society 6 The writer of this passage thinks that A we should educate children to fit them for life B free education for all leads to a good world C free education for all is enough D education is the most important in the world 7 The writer wants to say that A our society needs all kinds of jobs B our society needs free education for all C a farmer is more important than a professor D people with university degrees refuse to do what they think low work 8 According to the passage A work with hands is dirty B work with hands is low work C work with hands is the most important D we can t regard work with hands as low work 9 The purpose of education is A to choose a system of education B to prepare children mainly for their future work C to let everyone receive free education D to get a university degree 10 The passage tells us about of education A the way B the system C the value D the type C My father woke me up early one summer morning when I was fourteen and announced 宣布 Get up you re going with me to cut the grass in the garden The idea that my father thought I was old enough to help him in his business made me feel proud and excited From sunup to sundown my father my younger brother and I worked in the large garden By the end of the day I was too tired to say a word but I felt good This was my first time to help my father in his business I got 6 for my work that day One day my father found some leaves I had missed and pulled me aside Take away these leaves he said And don t make me have to tell you to do it again The message was clear Today I value 珍视 the importance of doing a job well the first time It will never fail to impress 给 留下印象 the person you are working for After two years my father told me and my brother that he felt we were old enough to cut the grass by ourselves Every Saturday during my last two years of high school we set off early in the morning with the same strong wish we had gained while working under our father Looking after the garden was neither exciting nor high paying but that didn t matter It taught me that any job was a good job and that whatever I was paid was more than I had before A newspaper reporter once asked me how someone could possibly live with hard work and low pay If you re only thinking about hard work and money you probably don t want to do any better than you are doing I answered In every job from cutting the grass to washing dishes I ve learned much I ve learned something that helps me in my next job If you work hard enough you can learn from any job you do 11 The writer felt proud and excited when he was asked to cut the grass because he thought A he could cut the grass himselfB he could make much money C he could enjoy sunup and sundownD he could help his family 12 The word message in the passage probably refers to 指 A not leaving leaves behind B giving no excuse for your mistakes C doing a good job at the very beginning D missing things which can be found out 13 When the writer finished high school maybe he was years old A fourteen B eighteen C twenty D twenty two 14 Which of the following does the writer probably think is the most important A Keeping learning from any job you had B Asking no money for work C Finishing work as quickly as possible D Keeping looking for different jobs 15 The writer probably thinks his father is A lazy B helpful C careless D funny 四 完成句子 A 根据句意 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1 He s gone to New Zealand on busy 2 It s our young teacher s thirty birthday 3 Why are you always late asked the team leader angry 4 They spent five days decorate their new house 5 The farmers felt very surprise when they saw the seagulls B 根据汉语意思完成下列句子 每空只填一词 6 学好英语很重要 It s very study English well 7 我父亲以前是个司机 而现在他是医生 My father be a driver but now he is a doctor 8 我肯定她不会介意的 that she wouldn t mind 9 除今天以外 我哪天都有空 I m every day today 10 夏威夷因美丽的海滩而闻名 Hawaii is its beautiful beaches 五 补全对话 根据对话内容 在每小题的空白处写出一个完整的句子 使对话意思完整 A Hi Tom You were not here yesterday afternoon What was wrong B 1 A Sorry to hear that 2 B Much better The fever is gone But I still cough and I feel weak A 3 B Yes I have I went to the doctor s yesterday afternoon The doctor gave me some medicine and asked me to stay in bed for a few days A 4 B Because I m afraid I ll miss more lessons and I ll be left behind A Don t worry Take care of yourself 5 B Thank you 六 综合填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示 填写所缺单词 使短文意思完整 Bill the postman pushed his bike towards Mr Green s house His work for the day was a 1 finished and now he had only one letter with him to s 2 to Mrs Green She lived over a mile from the village Therefore 由于 when Bill had a letter for her he always finished his day s work much later He didn t m 3 this however because she always asked him in for a cup of tea When Bill got into the gate of Mrs Green s house he was surprised not to find her w 4 in the garden She usually spent most a 5 there when the weather was fine He knocked h 6 on the door but there was no a 7 Bill felt very strange about it because he knew that Mrs Green hardly left the house Just then he found that her bottle of milk was s 8 in front of the door He