2011年高考英语 江苏卷阅读真题

20112011 年年 江苏卷江苏卷 阅读阅读 A A We know the famous ones the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells but what about the less famous inventors What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper 雨刮器 Shouldn t we know who they are Joan McLean thinks so In fact McLean a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range feels so strongly about this matter that she s developed a course on the topic In addition to learning who invented what however Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the why and how questions According to McLean When students learn the answers to these questions they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try Her students agree One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLean s statement If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper s invention said Tommy Lee a senior physics major I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer So just what is the story behind the windshield wiper Well Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City The day was cold and stormy but Anderson still wanted to see the sights so she jumped aboard a streetcar Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield she found herself wondering why there couldn t be a built in device for cleaning the window Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham Alabama Anderson started drafting out solutions One of her ideas a lever 操作杆 on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside became the first windshield wiper Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations It s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A Morgan s traffic light It s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J Blodgett s innovation that makes glass invisible Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses 56 By mentioning traffic light and windshield wiper the author indicates that countless inventions are A beneficial because their inventors are famous B beneficial though their inventors are less famous C not useful because their inventors are less famous D not useful though their inventors are famous 57 Professor Joan McLean s course aims to A add color and variety to students campus life B inform students of the windshield wiper s invention C carry out the requirements by Mountain University D prepare students to try their own inventions 58 Tommy Lee s invention of the unbreakable umbrella was A not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm D not related to Professor Joan McLean s lectures 59 Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage A How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers B How to Design a Built in Device for Cleaning the Window C Shouldn t We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper D Shouldn t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities 60 Which of the following is discourageddiscouraged by the Friends organization A To build massive complexes for public amusement B To prevent possible damages to the National Park C To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy D To sponsor publications and projects in local schools 61 One of the benefits for members of Friends is to A have Friends goods free of charge B visit any place not open to the public C take part in work parties if they want to D give talks in their fields on current issues 62 The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to A raise money for the Friends organization B join the Friends organization and be members of it C work as managers for Pembrokeshire National Park D enjoy the landscape of Pembrokeshire National Park C C According to the US government wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gig watts of electricity every year Unfortunately the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills see picture to touch bottom An experiment under way off the coast of Norway however could help put them anywhere The project called Hywind is the world s first large scale deepwater wind turbine 涡轮发电机 Although it uses a fairly standard 152 ton 2 3 megawatt turbine Hywind represents totally new technology The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar see picture a technology Hywind s creator the Norwegian company StatoilHydro has developed recently The steel spar which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves Hywind s stability in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power If all goes according to plan the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September To produce electricity on a large scale a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does but it s difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean To make that turbine heavier the whole spar s centre of gravity must be moved much closer to the ocean s surface To do that the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine one whose gearbox 变速箱 sits at sea level rather than behind the blades see picture Hywind is a test run but the benefits for perfecting floating wind farm technology could be extremely large Out at sea the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore where all existing offshore windmills are planted Deep sea farms are invisible from land which helps overcome the windmill as eyesore objection If the technology catches on it will open up vast areas of the planet s surface to one of the best low carbon power sources available 63 The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of A the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor B the spar which is floating in deep sea water C the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind D the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface 64 To balance a bigger turbine high on a flatting spar a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting A on the sea floor B on the spar top C at sea level D behind the blades 65 Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can A solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills B make financial profits by producing more turbines C settle the arguments about environmental problems D explore low carbon power resources available at sea D D Shay and his father had walked past a park where some boys Shay knew were playing baseball Shay asked Do you think they ll let me play Shay s father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team but the father also understood that if his son mentally and physically disabled were allowed to play it would give him a much needed sense of belonging and some confidence Shay s father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play not expecting much The boy looked around and said We re losing by six runs 分 and the game is in the eighth inning 局 I guess he can be on our team and we ll try to put him in to bat in the final inning Shay struggled over to the team s bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in his heart The boys saw the father s joy at his son being accepted In the bottom of the eighth inning Shay s team scored a few runs but was still behind by three In the top of the final inning Shay put on a glove and played in the field Even though no hits came his way he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field In the bottom of the final inning Shay s team scored again Now Shay was scheduled to be next at bat Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game Surprisingly Shay was given the bat Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible The first pitch 投 came and Shay missed The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay As the pitch came in Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher The pitcher could have easily thrown the ball to the first baseman and Shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game Instead the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman beyond the reach of all teammates The audience and the players from both teams started screaming Shay run to first Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base wide eyed and shocked Everyone shouted Run to second Catching his breath Shay awkwardly ran towards second By the time Shay rounded towards second base the smallest guy on their team who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time could have thrown the ball to the second baseman but he understood the pitcher s intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman s head All were screaming Shay Shay Shay all the way Shay Shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted Shay run to third As Shay rounded third all were on their feet crying Shay run home Shay ran to home stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who won the game for his team That day the boys from both teams helped bring a piece of true love and humanity into this world Shay didn t make it to another summer and died that winter having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day 66 Not expecting much Shay s father still asked the boy if Shay could play mainly because the father A noticed some of the boys on the field were hesitating B guessed his presence would affect the boy s decision C learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay well D understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted 67 In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys A believed they were sure to win the game B would like to help Shay enjoy the game C found Shay was so eager to be a winner D felt forced to give Shay another chance 68 The smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third baseman s head probably because that boy A was obviously aware of the pitcher s purpose B looked forward to winning the game for his team C failed to throw the ball to the second baseman D saw that Shay already reached second base 69 Which of the following hashas nothingnothing toto dodo withwith Shay s becoming the hero for his team A The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman B The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him C The opposing players failed to stop his running to home D One of the opposing players ran to help him 70 What to you think is the theme of the story A True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other B Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled C Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents D The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players 请认真阅读下列短文 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词 请认真阅读下列短文 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词 WhenWhen ShouldShould a a LeaderLeader ApologizeApologize andand WhenWhen Not Not WhyWhy Difficult Difficult When we wrong someone we know even not intentionally we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation But when we re acting as leaders the circumstances are different The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the individual but also at the level of the institution It is a performance in which every expression matters and every word becomes part of the public record Refusing to apologize can be smart or it can be stupid So readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness A successful apology can turn hate into personal and organizational harmony while an apology that is too little too late or too obviously strategic can bring on individual and institutional ruin What then is to be done How can leaders decide if and when to apologize publicly WhyWhy Now Now The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more urgent During the last decade or so the United States in particular has developed an apology culture apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far mo