新编英语教程-3-Unit-1-My-first-job.doc

Unit 1 My first jobTeaching objectives1. to be familiar with the writing style of narration2. to be familiar with the uses of the ing and ed participles3. to be familiar with the building style of the Victorian age4. to be familiar with the school system in the U.K.text 1Teaching procedureI. pre-reading questions 1.Self-introduction2. How did you spend your summer holiday? Anything interesting/special to share with the whole class?3.How many of you hold a part-time job? Can you tell us your experience of getting the first job? Were you interviewed by the childs parents or the head of the school?II. the main idea（3 minutes for reading）1. choosing the statement best sum up the content2. reading comprehension in work book P1（1）discussing and checking the answers in group（2）checking the answersIII. reading or listening to the recording again1. for new words and expressions2. for difficult sentences（1）find out sentences employing ing or ed participles and ing or ed phrasesIV. Main ideas of each paragraph:-school ten miles away (para.1)-uncertainty before interview-inconvenient transportation (para.2)( awful journey to school)-state of mind after the journey-simple description of schoolhouse (para.3)-environment around the schoolhouse- simple description of the schoolhouse(poor surroundings)-simple description of the schoolmaster (para.4)(unfavorable impression)-simple description of the hallway (para.5)-simple description of the study-the questions asked of me-my answer-my reaction-the pupils at the school (para.6)-terrible teaching program/set-up-my responsibilities (para.7)-my annoyance (para.8)(meager salary)-the last straw (para.9)(working under a woman)Vanalysis of the textParagraph 1Q1: Why did the author apply for the job?1. a teaching post : 宾语后置（postponement, 强调）New information, key parts and long or complicated information are often put at the end of the sentence.We heard from his own lips the story of how he had been caught in a trap for days without food.2. teaching post: -ing participle modifying “post”3. advised at a school: -ed participle, function as object complement4. being very short of money: adverbial（reason） adverbial clause of cause or reason As I was short of money and wanted to do something useful, Being in poor health and lacking in teaching experience, he was dismissed. Not having his telephone number, I couldnt ring him back.5. experience of teaching: gerund = teaching experience: -ing participle6.chances of landing the job: gerund, there is little possibility of 7. short of: short of1) having an inadequate supply of: 供给不够的： Were short of cash. 我们现在现金不足。 short of hands 缺少人手 short of breath 呼吸短促2）Other than; without resorting to: 除以外；没有诉诸于：Short of shouting at him, I had no other way to catch his attention.除了大声向他喊叫，我真想不出还有什么办法能引起他的注意。 for short: as an abbreviation: 作为缩写：Hes called Ed for short. 人们用简称叫他埃德 in short: in summary; briefly 总之；简而言之8. land the job: land: informal To win; secure:【非正式用语】 获得；获取：land a big contract. 签了一笔大合同He attributed his landing the valuable prize to hard work.land, acquire, earnland: informal 指得到很难得到的工作或合同，常译为“捞到，搞到”。acquire: to get by ones own efforts: 逐渐地、一步一步地、积少成多地去取到、获得。She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study.Some people go back for their education to acquire another degree or diploma to impress the society.Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an acquired taste and are not in born.earn: to gain especially for the performance of service, labor, or work; to acquire or deserve as a result of effort or action强调努力的程度与所得之间的关系，多指得到钱财、名声或某种利益等。earns a large salaryHis honesty earned the admiration of his friends.The young player earned his place in the team by training hard.9. slim: there is little possibility of I believe his chances are slim/ scant/ slender/ small. slim, lean slim: small in girth or thickness in proportion to height or length; slender苗条的，修长的; small in quantity or amount; meager微小的，微薄的; lean: not fleshy or fat; thin消瘦的：没有肉或脂肪的；not productive or prosperous; meager:收益差的. The farmer tried to fatten the lean cattle for market. lean meat; lean yearsParagraph 2Q1: How was the journey to Croydon?1.summoning me to : which summoned me （a relative clause）To call together; convene.召集；召唤The teacher summoned all the children to the room.Law To order to appear in court by the issuance of a summons.【法律】 传唤：发送传票而命令某人出庭summon him to appear before the court /to the presence of the queensummon up: bring (a quality) of oneself especially, with an effort 唤起；引起summon up ones courage/strength/the thought2.a ten-minute bus ridea three-week holiday, a two-month-old baby （cardinal number with a noun） a first-rate opera, a second-hand book（ordinal number with a noun）3.as a result: thereforeHe slipped and broke his leg. As a result, he will be absent from class for two or three months.Meanwhile disease and famine spread as a result of the flood.Paragraph 3Q1: Why “big staring sash-windows” is used here?Q2: What is the implied meaning of “they struggle to survive ”?Q3: Is it a beautiful school?Q4: What do you know about Queen Victoria?Victoria (queen) (1819-1901), queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1837-1901) and empress of India (1876-1901). Her reign was the longest of any monarch in British history and came to be known as the Victorian era.Queen Victoria was the official head of state not only of the United Kingdom but also of the growing worldwide British Empire, which included Canada, Australia, India, New Zealand, and large parts of Africa. In 1839 Victoria fell in love with her first cousin, Prince Albert, of the small German principality of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. They were married in February 1840, Between 1840 and 1857, Victoria and Albert had nine children.Some of Victorias children and grandchildren eventually married the heirs to thrones of Spain, Russia, Sweden, Norway, and Romania. Because of her many descendents, Victoria became known as the “Grandmother of Europe.”Victoria was important because she brought morality, good manners, and a devotion to hard work to her role as constitutional monarch. She took pride in her role as formal head of the worlds largest multiracial and multireligious empire, and her honesty, patriotism, and devotion to family life made the queen an appropriate symbol of the Victorian era.（Unit 5 Appearance）1. big staring sash windows . stare: keep ones eyes open and fixed on something in woder, fear, anger or deep thoughtHe stared at me, trying to remember who I was.gaze: look steadily at something often with admiration or pleasureWe stood gazing at the beautiful scenery.gape: look hard in surprise, with the mouth openThey gaped at me when I told them about the gold I had found.glare: look angrily or foolishlyHe bore down on me with glaring eyes.2. survive: stay alive inor despite; live or exist longer thanHe survived the explosion.How many of the countrys early customs survive? survive all perils 历经危难而未死He survived his wife for many years.他比妻子多活好多年。I hope l shall never survive my usefulness.我希望在我有生之年永远不要变成废物。The house survived the storm.经过暴风雨袭击, 这所房屋并未倒塌。Paragraph 4Q1: Describe the appearance of the headmaster in your own words.and across his ample stomach was looped a silver watch-chain Here comes the bus. （full inversion）When I was in school, on no account were we allowed to answer the masters back.（partial inversion）sandy-colored; freckled: kind-hearted, left-handed, middle-aged, one-sided, short-sightedParagraph 5Q1: Was the young man happy with the headmasters manners? （headmastercolonel; the young mana private）1. air: appearance, manner or personal bearingan air of disdain 轻蔑的神情 an air of superiority 高人一等的样子 He looked at her with a more serious and resolute air. 他以一种更加严肃、坚定的眼神看着她。2smell of brandy/garlic/paint 带有气味 a cave that smells of terror.充满着恐怖气氛的山洞 His accounts seemed to me to smell of truth. 他的叙述据我看来有点真实性。 There is a smell of fried chicken in this room. 这屋里有一股烧焦了鸡的味儿。3judging by/from Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed. 照你的话来看，他应该会成功。4. proceeded to ask me proceed to: go ahead, continue to proceed to announce his plansproceed to the next item on the agenda4. General School Certificate: General Certificate of Education（GCE）, replaced by GCSE（General Certificate of Secondary Education）in 1988Ordinary Level :15-16 years oldAdvanced level: 17 or over 17 years oldBritish educational system and schools Education in Britain is not the same for everyone. The authorities in Scotland and Northern Ireland have some autonomy over education policy. Scotland in particular has a different set of exams and a different system for students applying to university in this country. England and Wales follow policies set in Westminster. However, the local education authorities also have some input. They can add to the priorities set down by the Education Department. National policy directives are not carried in full or in the same way across the country.The absence of a single centralized system of names for understanding educational terminology can cause considerable misunderstandings. Below is a brief description of what names are applied to what establishments.(1) Pre-school Education. There are a number of different types of pre-school education; they all offer pretty much the same thing but are governed by different rules.(2) Primary School. Usually from the age of 5 (the key date in the UK is September 1st, not January 1st). all 5-year-olds must be in education so some start at 4.5. it is divided into Infant School (5-7 years old) and Junior School (7-11 years old).(3) Secondary School. Usually from the age of 11 ad compulsory until the age of 16. mostly mixed schools are officially co-educational, but there are still many single sex schools commonly known as boys/ girls schools to be found. Some Local Education Authorities (LEAs) have middle schools from age 9 or 10 until 13 or 14. the school before this may be known as first school.(4) High School. Often used as a name for a particular comprehensive but it has no contemporary meaning in the UK (unlike the U.S.).(5) Universities in England do not differ greatly from those in other countries. Of all the English Universities Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious.5. attach importance to: consider importantMy parents attach great importance to my education.We should attach primary importance to the development of economy.我们要把发展经济的工作放在第一位。6. have in common: share together or equallyMy husband and I have little in common about how to educate our children.Paragraph 6Q1:What kind of class was the young man asked to teach?1. consist of Our class consists of 6 boys and 50 girls. The United Kingdom of Britain consists of England, Scotland, Welsh, and the Northern Ireland. Constitute Listening, speaking, reading , and writing constitute the fundamental abilities in language learning.2. ranging from : who ranged from （a relative clause）Paragraph 7Q1:Did the young man like his teaching?1. teaching set-up: a particular way of teaching2. not so much but the fact that 不是而是 It was not so much there being no councils of workers, peasants and soldiers worthy of the name, but the fact that they were very few. 并不是说没有值得一提的由工人、农民、或士兵组成的参议会， 而是其数量太少了。3. a crocodile of: a long line of people, especially school children, walking in pairsParagraph 8Q1: Why was the writer diffident when asking about his salary?Paragraph 91. This was the last straw: this was the trouble that made the situation unbearable when it was added to the trouble I was experiencing. the last straw: an addition to a set of troubles which makes them unbearableThe hotel was expensive, the food poor, and bad weather was the last straw. It was the last straw that break s the camels back. The last straw: an addition to a set of troubles, which makes them unbearable.The hotel was expensive, the food, poor, and back weather was the last straw.2. constitute: opposite to consist ofListening, speaking, reading, and writing constitute the fundamental abilities in language prise, constitute, consist ofcomprise: the whole comprises the parts; the parts comprise the whole;The house comprises ten rooms.Twenty chapters comprise Book One.consist of: A consists of B and C. constitute: B and C constitute A.VI. Difficult sentences:1. I saw in a local newspaper a teaching post advertised at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. “A teaching post”, the object of “saw”, is postponed so as to emphasize. Postponement is decided by principle of end focus and end weight. According to this principle, an important part or a part with long and complex information of a sentence is put by the end of the sentence. e.g. We must take it into account that he is the oldest athlete in the Olympic Games who has won a gold medal. 2. with no experience of teaching my chances of landing the job were slim. “Teaching” and “landing” are two gerunds functioning as the objects of “of”. However, in the case of “teaching experience”, “teaching” is a present participle modifying “experience”. 3. as a result I arrived“As a result” is an adverb meaning “therefore”.“As a result of” is a prepositional phrase meaning “because of”.“With the result that” is followed by a subordinate clause functioning as effect. e.g.He slipped and broke his leg. As a result, he will be absent from class for two or three months.Meanwhile disease and famine spread as a result of the flood.I was in the bath, with the result that I didnt hear the telephone.4. His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining-room. “Judging by”is a dangling participle. Dangling participles are participles whose logical subjects an not the subjects of the sentence. Generally dangling participle is not accepted grammatically. But sometimes they have become idioms and are accepted. e.g.Frankly speaking, man is as selfish as any other animal.Allowing for the minor deficiencies, the show is a success. Text 2While-reading activities:1. Find out from the text description about the appearance and the expressions of the interviewers. (answer: like a terrier, frowned, a thickset heavy-jowled man, oddly querulous, on a note of somber improbability, tormentor, a tight, impatient smile, persecutor, a wintry smile etc.)2. Find out words showing unpleasantness. (answer: like a terrier, feeling anything but well, startled, incurable disease, oddlyquerulous, hesitated, tormentor, a tight, impatient smile, a sense of guilt, a cross-examination, a crime, persecutor, stung, a sense of inadequacy, a wintry smile, like a threat. )3. Find out topics that the interviewers are interested in:qualificationparticipation in school activitiesfinancial situationshobbies in spare timefamily backgroundVI. VIIInteraction：job interviewDiscussion: Just imitate a job interview, everyone has the opportunity to be an interviewee. And you also have to act as an interviewer later to interview a person of the group. at the end of each interview, others can give some advice. If it is too difficult, we can just discuss the question. So you have to prepare 5 questions in advance, more important thing is that you should have thoroughly consideration of the 5 questions.20 Traditional Interview Questions 1.How would you describe yourself? 2.How has your college experience prepared you for a business career? 3.What influenced you to choose this career? 4.Do you have the qualifications and personal characteristics necessary for success in your chosen career? 5.How would you describe yourself in terms of your ability to work as a member of a team? 6.Given the investment our company will make in hiring and training you, can you give us a reason to hire you? 7.What short-term goals and objectives have you established for yourself? 8.How would you evaluate your ability to deal with conflict? 9.What quality or attribute do you feel will most contribute to your career success? 10.What were your reasons for selecting your college or university? 11.If you could change or improve anything about your college, what would it be? 12.How will the academic program and coursework youve taken benefit your career? 13.Which college classes or subjects did you like best? Why? 14.Are you the type of student for whom conducting independent research has been a positive experience? 15.Describe the type of professor that has created the most beneficial learning experience for you. 16.Do you think that your grades are a indication of your academic achievement? 17.Why did you decide to seek a position in this field? 18.Do you have a geographic preference? 19.Which is more important to you, the job itself or your salary? 20.To what extent would you be willing to travel for the job? College Student/Recent College Grad: 20 Behavioral Interview Questions 1.By providing examples, convince me that you can adapt to a wide variety of people, situations and environments. 2.Describe the most significant or creative presentation that you have had to complete. 3.Give an example of how you applied knowledge from previous coursework to a project in another class. 4.Describe a situation where others you were working with on a project disagreed with your ideas. What did you do? 5.Describe a situation in which you found that your results were not up to your professors or super