江苏省2013年高三英语考前赢分30天第26天

1 江苏省栟茶高级中学江苏省栟茶高级中学 20132013 年高考考前赢分年高考考前赢分 3030 天天 核心知识核心知识 英语中的种种省略现象英语中的种种省略现象 在英语语言中 为了使语言简洁明了 重点突出或上下文紧密相连 可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子 意思不变 这种语言现象称为省略 ellipsis 英语中常见的省略情形如下 一 简单句中的省略一 简单句中的省略 二 动词不定式省略 只保留二 动词不定式省略 只保留 toto 的场合的场合 1 不定式作某些动词的宾语时 这些动词常见的有 love like care wish hope expect prefer refuse mean try oblige advise persuade agree want afford forget remember try manage 等 2 不定式作动词 ask tell advise force persuade wish allow permit forbid expect order warn 等的宾语补足语或主语补足语时 3 不定式在句中作形容词 happy glad eager anxious willing ready 等的状语时 4 不定式作某些复合谓语时 常见结构如 be able to be going to have to ought to used to 等 如 He doesn t like fish but he used to 三 动词不定式三 动词不定式 toto 省略的情形省略的情形 1 主语部分有 to do 系动词 is 或 was 时 作表语的不定式通常省去 to 如 The only thing you have to do is press the button 2 作介词 but expect besides 的宾语 前面又有实意动词 do 时 不定式通常省去 to 3 主语部分暗含 to do 表语中的不定式通常省去 to 如 2 All I want to do is go to school and study hard 4 当两个或多个不定式并列时 其后的不定式符号可以省略 但有对比关系时不可省略 5 在 would rather than 等结构中 不定式符号常常要省略 6 在 see watch notice hear listen to look at feel have make let observe 等词后作 宾语补足 语时省略不定式符号 to 五 主从复合句中的省略五 主从复合句中的省略 1 并列复合句中的省略 在并列句中后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分 如 Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary must have been doing her homework 2 状语从句中的省略 状语从句在省略时 应遵循以下原则 1 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时 可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词 be 这时从句中可出 现如下结构 连词 as as if once 名词 连词 though whether when 形容词 连词 whether as if while 介词短语 连词 when while though 现在分词 连词 when if even if unless once until than as 过去分词 连词 as if as though 不定式 2 当从句的主语是 it 谓语动词中又含有系动词 be 时 可以把 it 和系动词 be 一起省 略 此时构成连词 if unless when whenever 形容词的结构 3 定语从句中的省略 一般说来 在限制性定语从句中 作宾语的关系代词 that which whom 可以省略 而在非限制 性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词 which whom 不可以省略 在口语和非正式用语中 关系副词 when where 和 why 经常用 that 来代替 甚至还可省略 当先行词 the way 表示 方式 时 从句不能用 how 来引导 应该用 that 或 in which 或将它们全部省略 4 宾语从句中的省略 1 在及物动词后的宾语从句中 连词 that 一般可以省略 但如果及物动词后面是 that 引导的两个 或两个以上的并列宾语从句 那么只有第一个 that 可以省略 2 由 which when where how 和 why 引导的宾语从句 可以全部或部分省略 3 经典例题 1 Who should be responsible for the accident The boss not the workers They just carried out the order A as toldB as are told C as tellingD as they told 2 You ought to have given them some advice but who cared what I asked A So it was B So I ought to have C So I did D So I ought to 标准答案 标准答案 试题分析 试题分析 此题选 是因为当动词不定式 to 有 be 动词或助动词 have 或 have been 时 to to be to have to have been 均须保留 B 选项补全应为 So I ought to have given them some advice 该句中 have 是助动词 所以也须和 ought to 一起保留下来 其余的可以 省去 4 考前赢分第 26 天 爱练才会赢 前日回顾 1 Learning how to repair motors takes a long time A doesn t it B don t they C does it D do they 2 They must have stayed at home last night A mustn t they B haven t they C didn t they D must they 3 She is unfit for the position A is she B isn t she C doesn t she D does she 4 She thinks she can get there on time she A can B can t C doesn t D does 5 What beautiful flowers