重庆合川市2014高考英语一轮 阅读理解练习（2）

1 重庆合川市重庆合川市 20142014 高考英语阅读理解一轮练习 高考英语阅读理解一轮练习 2 2 及答案 及答案 Hundreds of years ago a Roman army came north from England to make war on Scotland The Scots loved their country They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland But there were too many of the Romans It looked as if the Romans would win One night the leader of the Scots marched his soldiers to the top of a hill We will rest here tonight my men he said Tomorrow we will fight one more battle We must win or we will die They were all very tired So they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep There were four guards on duty but they were very tired and one by one they fell asleep The Romans were not asleep Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill Slowly they went up the hill Closer they came to the sleeping Scots They were almost at the top A few minutes more the war would be over Suddenly one of them put his foot on a thistle He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots In a minute they were on their feet and ready for a battle The fighting was hard but it did not last long The Scots wiped out 消灭 the Romans and saved Scotland The thistle is not a beautiful plant It has sharp needles 刺 all over it Few people liked it But the people of Scotland liked it so much that they made it their national flower 81 Hundreds of years ago the Romans A came from the north of England to fight the Scots B came from the north through England to make war on Scotland C came to the north from the south of Britain to fight the Scots D came to the north from England to make war on Scotland 82 The leader of the Scots told his men they would fight A another battle to wipe out the Romans the next day 2 B more other battles to wipe out the Romans the next day C more than one battle to wipe out the Romans the next day D not more than one battle to wipe out the Romans the next day 83 At the shout of a Roman soldier all the Scots who were asleep at the hill A began to fight the Romans hard B put their feet into their shoes at once and were ready to fight C stood up without putting on their shoes and began to fight D woke and rose immediately to fight 84 The result of the war is that A the Romans killed all the Scots B the Scots defeated 战胜 the Romans C the Scots were defeated D the Scots were driven out of Scotland 85 The Scots made thistle their national flower because thistle A gave them happiness B helped the Scots in wiping out the Romans C is a kind of useful plant D is lovely though not beautiful 6 D 细节题 从短文第一句得此答案 7 A 细节题 从第二段 Tomorrow we will fight one more battle 得此答案 8 D 细节题 从 He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots In a minute they were on their feet and ready for a battle 得此答案 9 B 细节题 从 The Scots wiped out 消灭 the Romans and saved Scotland 得此答案 10 B 主旨大意题 thistle 不是很漂亮的花 它能成为国花全是因为它所立下的功劳 结束 3 第第 篇篇 Mankind is still evolving 进化 according to a recent study by a team of scientists led by a Yale University evolutionary biologist But research suggests that the natural selection process is no longer driven by survival perhaps because of differences in women s fertility 能生育性 The team examined 2 238 women in Framingham Massachusetts the US and studied the medical histories of some 14 000 residents since 1948 They found that strong slightly fat women tend to have more children And if this trend were to continue for the next 10 generations by 2409 the average woman would be 2 cm shorter 1 kg heavier and have a healthier heart That rate of evolution is pretty similar to what we see in plants and animals Humans don t seem to be any exception the team said Other recent genetic research backs up that belief One study by John Hawks an anthropologist at the University of Wisconsin at Madison found that some 1 800 human gene variations 变异 are common in recent generations because of evolution Among the changes are mutations 突变 that allow people to digest milk or resist malaria 疟疾 and others that govern brain development Since the Industrial Revolution modern humans have grown taller and stronger It s easy to assume that evolution is making humans fitter But according to anthropologist Peter McAllister the contemporary male has evolved physically into the sorriest example of male ever on the planet An average Neanderthal woman McAllister notes could have beat Arnold Schwarzenegger in an armwrestling 腕力 match And early Australian Aborigines could easily defeat Usain Bolt in a 100 m dash However Douglas Ewbank of the University of Pennsylvania says that cultural factors tend to have a much greater impact than natural selection on future generations so people tend to ignore evolution s effects And despite evidence indicating evolution still works Steve Jones an evolutionary biologist at University College London thinks that the impact of evolution on humans is not the most important What makes humans what we are is in our minds in our society and not in our evolution said Jones 语篇解读 科学家们发现人类还在不断地进化 但是他们认为自然选择对人类进化的 影响已经没那么大了 1 What does the underlined sentence Humans don t seem to be any 4 exception imply A Plants and animals are evolving faster than humans B Evolution doesn t work in humans any longer C The rate of evolution in plants and animals also applies to humans D Humans are unique in their evolution 解析 推理判断题 根据第四段内容可知 人类的进化速度和动植物的很相似 人类 并不例外 由此可判断动植物的进化速度也适用于人类 答案 C 2 Why is the recent genetic research quoted in the fifth paragraph A To support the belief that mankind is still evolving B To show human gene variations are common in recent generations C To prove modern humans have grown fitter D To suggest that the natural selection process is no longer driven by survival 解析 细节理解题 根据第五段中的 Other recent genetic research backs up that belief 可知最近的其他基因研究也支持 人类还在进化 这一观点 和文章开头的主 题句照应 答案 A 3 According to the passage we can infer that Arnold Schwarzenegger A used to be a famous actor B is an American governor C is very weak D is very strong 解析 推理判断题 第六段中举施瓦辛格的例子是为了证明在人类越来越健壮的进化 中 男性成为最令人遗憾的例子 由对施瓦辛格的了解和文段内容可判断阿诺德 施瓦辛格 很强壮 力气很大 答案 D 4 According to Douglas Ewbank which of the following factors plays a greater part in the future generations A Culture B Evolution C Natural selection D Genetic mutations 解析 细节理解题 根据倒数第二段内容可知 在未来的后代中 起更大作用的是文 化因素 5 答案 A 5 What is the main idea of the passage A Mankind is still evolving B Women will get fatter C The history of human evolution D Future women tend to have more children 解析 主旨大意题 本文第一句就是主题句 后面都是围绕着 人类还在不断地进化 这一观点进行论述的 答案 A 长难句解读 1 Among the changes are mutations 突变 that allow people to digest milk or resist malaria 疟疾 and others that govern brain development 本句主语很长 为了句子结构的平衡进行了倒装 主句的主语是 mutations and others 定语从句 that allow people to digest milk or resist malaria 修饰 mutations 定语从句 that govern brain development 修饰 others 2 And despite evidence indicating evolution still works Steve Jones an evolutionary biologist at University College London thinks that the impact of evolution on humans is not the most important 本句的主语是 Steve Jones an evolutionary biologist at University College London 是 Steve Jones 的同位语 that 引导一个宾语从句 despite evidence 为介词短语 作状语 后面的非谓语动词短语作 evidence 的后置定语 结束结束 English is a mixture of many different languages Because of this the vocabulary of the English language is very large It is much larger than almost any other language in the world Many English words came from Latin the old language of Rome and Greek From Latin we get words like wine use and day From Greek we have words such as photograph bible 圣经 and ink Because these two languages are extinct 过时的 the words have more often come through other languages such as French or the old German language There are also words from both Greek and Latin combined television for example tele is Greek for far and vision comes from Latin meaning seeing 6 Many common English words came from other different places Tea is from China banana from west Africa Potato from the island of Haiti 海地 in the West Indies 西印度群岛 and tomato from Mexico One reason why the English language came from different languages is that many nations had invaded 侵略 Britain before Two thousand years ago Romans came from Italy and stayed for over four hundred years After they left came the Anglos 盎格鲁人 Saxons 撒 克逊人 and Jutes 朱特人 from the northern part of Germany In the ninth and tenth centuries Scandinavians 斯堪的纳维亚人 invaded the northern and eastern parts of the country Finally in the eleventh century William of Normandy 诺曼 底 came from France and became the King of England Thus the French civilization 文明 and the French language were introduced into Britain 86 Which two languages are extinct A English and French B Roman and Greek C Latin and Greek D French and German 87 The vocabulary of the English language is large because A the English do not like to speak other language B it came from different languages C many English words come from Latin D Britain has a long history 88 The old Romans spoke A Latin B Italian C French D Greek 89 Which of the following about television is TRUE A It is a mixture of two languages B It is a verb C It is a Greek word D It is an English word 90 How did French civilization come to Britain