2012届高考英语二轮专题复习经典导学案（三十八）

20122012 届高考英语二轮专题复习经典导学案资料 三十八 届高考英语二轮专题复习经典导学案资料 三十八 每日一句每日一句 The sailor has adequate experience and he tells us his interesting experiences everyevery timetime we areare invitedinvited toto his party 这水手有丰富的经验 每次每次我们受邀受邀去参加他的聚会 他都给我们讲他有趣的经历 基础词汇强化练习基础词汇强化练习 1 It s wrong for the visitors to be c to the animals in the zoo 2 It seems that he is quite c with what he has got 3 We were all a at the a news he told us just now 4 It s hard for her to decide what to buy because she is quite p about the things she buys 5 Whoever comes my mother will e him the best food of our family 6 In no time the exciting news spread t the whole country 7 Because of the terrible earthquake many children became h 8 It s hard to imagine that such a millionaire wears a w coat 9 Many of us know the famous saying F is the mother of success 10 With the boy leading the way we had no d in finding his house 1 cruel 2 content 3 astonished astonishing 4 particular 5 entertain 6 throughout 7 homeless 8 worn out 9 Failure 10 difficulty 书面表达经典句式强化记忆书面表达经典句式强化记忆 112 112 I dI d likelike love love to to but but 我很想我很想 但但 I d love to but I m afraid I m otherwise engaged 我很想 但恐怕我已经另有安排了 拒绝别人邀请的经典句型拒绝别人邀请的经典句型 113 113 I mI m not not certain certain 我我 不不 确定确定 I m certain that you will get over your laziness 我确信你会克服你的惰性的 没有什么是不能克服的没有什么是不能克服的 只要有决心只要有决心 114 114 I mI m afraidafraid I I won twon t bebe ableable to to 恐怕我不能恐怕我不能 I m afraid I won t be able to finish the task before Friday 恐怕我无法在星期五之前完成这项任务 书面表达经典朗读素材书面表达经典朗读素材 MostMost beautifulbeautiful inin a a MirrorMirror When facing a mirror how do you feel Proud Satisfied Or sad In fact most people look the most beautiful just when looking at themselves in the mirror It is probably because everyone wishes to be flattered especially by a fair mirror That the reflections in the mirrors show their beauty makes them feel comfortable So a suggestion has been given Smile to a mirror when you feel lonely Of course if you are really smiling to your heart you will be glad to enjoy your look even the spots on it which are regarded as your own characters Now one s look depends on one s heart though at the same time the mirrors unfair The spots however will not go away unless you clear them Flattery is never true it must prevent you from improving yourself In the end I would like to say Let the mirror put its finger on your weak spot then you may be the most beautiful in the fair life 经典谚语积累经典谚语积累 ItIt isis tootoo latelate toto grievegrieve whenwhen thethe chancechance isis past past 坐失良机 后悔已迟 坐失良机 后悔已迟 高频语法点拾贝高频语法点拾贝 考点三考点三 therethere bebe 结构的非谓语形式及其用法结构的非谓语形式及其用法 therethere bebe 结构的非谓语形式有结构的非谓语形式有 therethere toto bebe 和和 therethere beingbeing 两种 两种 它们可以在句中作主 语 宾语或状语 1 1 作主语时 作主语时 therethere beingbeing 可直接位于句首作主语 当可直接位于句首作主语 当 there there toto bebe 名词短语 名词短语 作主语时 作主语时 通常要用 for 引导 It would be surprising for there not to be any objections 没有反对意见 2 2 作动词宾语时 通常要用作动词宾语时 通常要用 therethere toto bebe 结构 结构 常见的动词有 expect like mean intend want hate 等 3 3 作介词宾语时 如果介词是作介词宾语时 如果介词是 forfor 便只能用 便只能用 therethere toto bebe 结构 如果是其他介词 则要用结构 如果是其他介词 则要用 therethere beingbeing 结构 结构 4 4 作状语时 通常要用作状语时 通常要用 therethere beingbeing 结构 结构 There being no further business 没有什么事 the chairman closed the meeting 考题印证考题印证 1 The secretary arranged for another view A there to be B there was C there being D there been 解析解析 there be 的非谓语形式前如有介词 for 则用其 there to be 形式 2 We didn t find the Blacks the lecture No one had told them about a lecture the following day A attending there being B to attend there to be C attended there be D attend there was 解析解析 空一用 attending 作宾补 补充说明 the Blacks 的动作 空二 there being 为动名 词短语作介词 about 的宾语 考点四考点四 非谓语动词作定语的区别非谓语动词作定语的区别 1 现在分词 短语 作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系 表示该动作的主动和 正在进行 2 及物动词的过去分词作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系 表示该动作的被 动和完成 不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成 3 动词不定式作定语多表示在谓语动词后发生的动作 也可以表示一个过去已经完成的主动 动作 但此时不定式前常有形容词 分词或序数词 4 动名词作定语通常表示它所修饰名词的用途动名词作定语通常表示它所修饰名词的用途 其间不存在逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系 5 单个分词与动名词作前置定语 分词短语与不定式作后置定语 考题印证考题印证 1 The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game A selecting B to select C selected D having selected 解析解析 selected from the whole country 为过去分词短语作后置定语 修饰 the players the players 与 select 之间是被动关系 故选 C 2 His first book next month is based on a true story A published B to be published C to publish D being published 解析解析 句意为 他的第一本书下个月就要出版了 这本书是根据一个真实故事写的 由时间 状语 next month 可以得出 这里表示将来的动作 故用动词不定式 book 与 publish 之间 又是被动关系 所以用动词不定式的被动形式 3 Recently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens A compared B comparing C compares D being compared 解析解析 a survey 与 compare 之间是主动关系 故不能选 A D 两项 且此处需要一非谓语动 词形式作定语 故只有 B 项正确 考点五考点五 非谓语动词作状语时 其逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致的几种情况非谓语动词作状语时 其逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致的几种情况 1 1 有些现在分词已转化为介词或连词 其逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致 有些现在分词已转化为介词或连词 其逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致 常见的有 regarding concerning considering including failing beginning supposing 等 2 2 有些分词短语已成为固定搭配 其逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致 有些分词短语已成为固定搭配 其逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致 如 judging from talking of coming to taking all things into consideration according to generally frankly strictly honestly speaking 等 Coming to Talking of 谈到 politics he is a layman 3 3 现在分词作结果状语 其逻辑主语在意思上指前面整个句子 这时现在分词的逻辑主语和现在分词作结果状语 其逻辑主语在意思上指前面整个句子 这时现在分词的逻辑主语和 句子的主语不一致 句子的主语不一致 4 4 独立不定式也与句子的主语无关 但是要用逗号与句子隔开 独立不定式也与句子的主语无关 但是要用逗号与句子隔开 如 to be honest to begin with to tell you the truth to make matters worse 等 To make matters worse 更糟糕的是 he locked his keys in the car 考题印证考题印证 1 the more expensive the camera the better its quality A General speaking B Speaking general C Generally speaking D Speaking generally 解析解析 考查固定短语 generally speaking 一般说来 2 More highways have been built in China it much easier for people to travel from one place to another A making B made C to make D having made 解析解析 现在分词短语作结果状语 其逻辑主语为前边的整个句子 3 In order to improve English A Jenny s father bought her a lot of tapes B Jenny bought a lot of tapes for herself C a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny D a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny s father 解析 根据非谓语动词的逻辑主语必须和句子的主语相一致的原则 improve 的逻辑主语一 定是 Jenny 故答案为 B 题点与题组题点与题组 命题点一命题点一 withwith 复合宾语和独立主格结构复合宾语和独立主格结构 1 In the reading room we found her at a desk with her attention on a book A sitting fixing B seated fixed C sit fixing D sitting fix 解析解析 第一空用 seated 作宾补 强调 her 所处的状态 第二空为 with 复合结构 her attention 与 fix 之间为被动关系 故用过去分词作宾补 2 It would be a good idea to use a plastic bottle cut off as a container to grow young plants in A of which the top B the top is C the top of which D with its top 解析解析 the top 与 cut off 之间为被动关系 故可以排除 A C 两项 又由句子的标点符号可 知 此处为非谓语 故 D 项正确 3 Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures some a life span of around 20 years A having B had C have D to have 解析解析 句意为 蝙蝠是令人吃惊的长寿动物 有些蝙蝠的生命周期达到大约 20 年 分析句 式结构可知 这是一个简单句 中间用逗号分隔 所以后半句是对前半句的补充说明 some 是逻辑主语 其后应跟非谓语动词形式 由于 some 与 have 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系 所以 用现在分词形式 构成独立主格结构 4 With no central government the island was ruled by kings a different region of the country A each controlling B each controlled C each to control D each was controlling 解析解析 分析结构可知 空白处为非谓语动词 each 与 control 之间为主谓关系 故用 代词 doing 构成独立主格结构 5 Mr Smith has two sons one of working as a bus driver A them B who C whom D whose 解析解析 本题易错选 C 理解为非限制性定语从句 若选 C 项 则需要把 working 改为 works 或 is working 此处为 代词 doing 构成的独立主格结构 命题点二命题点二 非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词作定语 1 The problems at the meeting tomorrow are really hard to solve A discussed B to discuss C to be discussed D discussing 解析解析 考查动词不定式短语作定语 the problems 与 discuss 是被动关系且 discuss 还没有 发生 故用不定式的被动式 2 With the world changing fast we have something new with all by ourselves every day A deal B dealt C to deal D dealing 解析解析 动词不定式作定语修饰 something 且逻辑主语就是句子的主语 we 故用不定式的主 动式 尽管 deal with 和 something 之间是动宾关系 3 The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house A rose B rising C to rise D risen 解析解析 smoke 与 rise 之间是主动关系 且和 saw 是同时进行的动作 故用现在分词短语作定 语 4 The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself A expressing B expressed C to express D to be expressed 解析解析 句意为 表达观点的能力和观点本身同等重要 to express an idea 为动词不定式短 语作后置定语 修饰 the ability 5 Tsinghua University in 1911 is home to a great number of outstanding figures A found B founding C founded D to be founded 解析解析 Tsinghua University 与 found 之间是被动关系 且动作已完成 故用过去分词短语 作后置定语 高考考纲词汇记忆高考考纲词汇记忆 重点单词重点单词 restaurant rest r nt US rest r nt n 饭馆 饭店 restrict r str kt v 限制 restriction r str k n n 限制 约束 result r z lt n 结果 效果 retell ri tel vt 重讲 重复 复述 retire r ta r v 退休 return r t n v 归还 reuse ri ju z vt 重新使用 循环使用 review r vju vt 重新调查 回顾 复习 n 复查 复习 评论 reviewer r vju r n 评论者 书评家 revision r v n n 复习 温习 revolution rev lu n n 革命 变革 reward r w d n 奖赏 rewind ri wa nd v 回转 磁带等 rewrite ri ra t vt 重写 rhyme ra m n v 押韵 rice ra s n 稻米 米饭 rich r t a 富裕的 有钱的 rid rid rid ridded ridded r d vt 使摆脱 riddle r d l n 谜 语 ridiculous r d kj l s a 荒谬的 愚蠢的 ride rode ridden ra d v 骑 马 自行车 乘车 n 乘车旅行 right ra t n 权利 a 对 正确的 ad 正确地 恰恰 完全地 a 右 右边的 right handed ra t h nd a 惯用右手的 right wing ra t w n 右翼 ring rang rung r v 钟 铃等 响 打电话 n 电话 铃声