2012届高中英语一轮复习 Unit4 Astronomy： the science of the stars精品学案 新人教版必修3VIP

用心 爱心 专心 1 Unit4Unit4 AstronomyAstronomy thethe sciencescience ofof thethe starsstars 1 harmful adj 根据语境猜词义 1 Fruit juices can be harmful to children s teeth 2 Many households products are potentially harmful 根据语义找匹配 A 有害的 B 危害 1 A 2 B harm n 伤害 损害 vt 伤害 损害 harmless adj 无害的 无恶意的 do sb harm do harm to sb 对某人有害 be harmful to 对 有害 It does no harm to do sth There is no harm in doing sth 不妨做某事 It wouldn t do sb any harm to do sth 做某事对某人并无害处 No harm done 对别人做错事的一种劝慰 没事儿 不要紧 单词拼写 1 Your smoking may be harmful 有害 to the health of your baby 2 The storm has done great harm 有害 to the crops 3 The dog seems fierce but actually he s harmless 2 prevent v 根据语境猜词义 1 The heavy rain prevented us from going to school 2 They have been prevented by the traffic jam from going there on time 根据语义找匹配 A 阻碍 B 阻止 1 B 2 A 用心 爱心 专心 2 阻止某人做某事 的几种表达式 ban sb from doing sth stop sb from doing sth keep sb from doing sth 单项填空 1 We must take firm and efficient measures to prevent pollution our life even better A to make B making C make D against making A 考查非谓语动词的使用 本题的语义是 为了使我们的生活更加美好 我们必须采取果 断而卓有成效的措施阻止污染 根据语境非谓语动词在本句是目的状语 所以答案是 A 本 题极容易造成学生们的思维定势而误选 B 2 We ll spare no effort to prevent the river A from polluting B polluting C being polluted D polluted C 考查非谓语动词的使用 本题的语义是 我们将不遗余力地阻止河流污染 根据语境河 流与污染形成了被动关系 所以答案是 C 3 develop v 根据语境猜词义 1 We should develop the habit of reading because reading can develop the mind 2 Shanghai has developed into a commercial center of our country 3 We must develop many more new products in order to satisfy the demands of market 根据语义找匹配 A 养成 习惯 B 发展 C 开发 1 A 2 B 3 C developed adj 发达的 developing adj 发展中的 development n 发展 用心 爱心 专心 3 用 develop 的正确形式填空 With the development of science and technology some developing countries have developed into developed ones 4 puzzle n 成功地 完成 pull on 匆忙地 穿上 pull out 拔出 驶出 摆脱 困难 pull in 进站 靠岸 pull away 驶离 开走 pull together 通力合作 整顿 控制 感情 pull through 恢复健康 渡过难关 pull draw drag pull 一般用法 指各种情况的 拉 但有时强调一时或突然拉的动作 I pulled the handle and the door opened draw 指平稳 较轻地拉 After some time the fisherman began to draw the net drag 往往指用大力气拖拉笨重物体 有 拖拉 的意思 He dragged a heavy box upstairs alone C 考查动词短语辨析 语义是 班车驶进车站 乘客一个个地下来了 drive away 开走 用心 爱心 专心 6 push in 是不存在的短语 rush in 冲进 不合题意 所以答案是 C 单项填空 1 The bus the bus station and the passengers got off one after another A drove away B pushed in C pulled in D rushed in D 考查动词短语辨析 语义是 勇士匆忙脱下衣服跳进河里救那落水儿童 pull on 匆忙穿 上 put off 推迟 take off 脱下 在语境中不是最佳答案 pull off 匆忙脱下 所以答案是 D 2 The brave man his clothes and jumped into the river to save the drowning boy A pulled on B put off C took off D pulled off 7 cheer up 根据语境猜词义 1 It s said that thousands packed the city center to cheer her 2 Everybody cheered when the medical team arrived 3 When the rescuers appeared cheers ran out of the waiting crowd 根据语义找匹配 A 为 喝彩 B 欢呼 C 欢呼声 喝彩声 1 A 2 B 3 C Cheers 干杯 cheerful adj 兴高采烈的 精神振奋的 cheer up 使 高兴起来 使 振作起来 cheer on 为 鼓气 向 喝彩 8 break out 根据语境感悟其用法 1 Last year EV71 virus broke out in many parts of China 用心 爱心 专心 7 2 Last night a fire broke out in his house 根据语境 break out 意思是 战争 火灾 疫病 发生 爆发 注意 发生 在英汉表达形式上有不同 汉语 发生 后接宾语 但英语不可以 它要把汉语中的宾语放在主语位置上 且不能用被动语态 单项填空 1 To understand the grammar of the sentence you must break it into parts A down B up C off D out A 考查动副词的搭配 题意是 要想理解这句话的语法 你必须把它划分开 所以答案是 A 2 News reports say peace talks between the two countries with no agreement reached A have broken down B have broken out C have broken in D have broken up A 题意是 据新闻报道 两国和谈由于没有达成一致意见而破裂 所以答案是 A 9 come on 根据语境猜词义 1 Come on we ll be late 2 Come on guys You can do it 3 Come on Our future is bright We will be successful 4 Oh come on don t lie to me 5 Come on Baby 用心 爱心 专心 8 根据语义找匹配 A 用于表示催促 相当于 Hurry up 赶快 抓紧 抓紧时间 B 表示对对方的鼓励 加油 加把劲 C 表示对对方的劝慰 高兴点儿 乐观点儿 D 用于对对方的挑衅 来呀 来吧 E 表示对对方所说的早有耳闻 算了吧 得了吧 别逗了 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 E 5 D come about 发生 产生 come along 表示催促 快点 一道去 进展 come back to life 苏醒 复活 come down 下来 降价 come out 出现 结果 出版 出版之物在主语位置上 不能用被动语态 come over 过来 短暂造访 顺便来访 从 远道 而来 come around 再度出现 改变 观点 心态 come to 来到 总计 结果是 come up 上来 上升 提出 宾语在主语位置上 不能用被动语态 come up with 提出 直接接宾语 想出 赶上 come into being 出现 产生 形成 come for 来取 为 而来 单项填空 1 It s already 10 o clock I wonder how it that she was two hours late on such a short trip A came over B came out C came about D came up C 考查 come 有关短语的语义辨析 语义是 已经 10 点了 我纳闷这么短的一段路他迟到 两个小时是怎么回事 依据语境语义说明这一局面的产生 come over 过来 短暂造访 顺 用心 爱心 专心 9 便来访 从 远道 而来 come out 出现 结果 出版 come about 发生 产生 come up 上来 上升 提出 所以答案是 C 2 I am dead tired I can t walk any further Jenny Tommy You can do it A No problem B No hurry C Come on D That s OK C 考查交际英语的使用 语义是 我都累死了 詹妮 我一步都不能走了 加把劲 吧 汤米 你一定能行的 表示鼓励 No problem 是对别人请求你做某事的应允 No hurry 汉语式的表达 Come on 表示鼓励 That s OK 对道歉的回应 所以答案是 C 3 The dictionary is being printed and it will soon A turn out B come out C start out D go out B 考查动词短语语义的辨析 语义是 这本词典正在付印中且不久就要出版了 turn out 虽 然有 出版 的意思 但在这里要用被动语态 come out 表示 出版 在这里不用被动语态 start out 动身 出发 go out 出去 所以答案是 B 10 What it was to become was uncertain until between 4 5 and 3 8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe P25 随后它将变成什么样子无人知晓 直到 38 到 45 亿年之间它才形成了一个固体的球体 when 在这个句子中是并列连词引导并列句 when 引导并列句不能放在句首 它所体现出的 语义是 就在这时 就在那时 此时此刻 届时 一般它有两个极具有代表性的句式 1 be doing sth when 表示 正在做某事就在这个时候发生了另外的一件事 2 be about to do sth when 表示 正要做某事就在这个时候发生了另外一件事 I was about to leave when the phone rang 用心 爱心 专心 10 我正要出去就在这个时候电话响了 I was walking in the street when I heard my name called from behind 我正在街上散步就在 这时我听到有人在背后叫我的名字 Professor Wang will come for a visit to our school in May when he will give away his works to our library 王教授将在 5 月份访问我校 届时他会把他的著作捐赠给我校 when 除了引导时间状语从句外 它还能引导哪些状语从句呢 1 How can he learn anything when he has spent all of his spare time surfing the Internet playing computer games 2 They kept digging when they must have known there was no hope 1 引导原因状语从句 表示 既然 既然他把所有的业余时间都用在上网玩游戏上了 他又 怎能学到什么呢 2 引导让步状语从句 表示 尽管 他们明明知道没任何希望 但他们还是不停地挖 11 Although its origin may still be a puzzle the moon can never be anything more than a satellite of the earth P28 尽管月球的起源扑朔迷离 但它只不过就是地球的一颗卫星 never anything more than no more than only 只是 只不过 The building can never be anything more than a big house 这个建筑物充其量就是一座大房 子 He is much of a talker but as a matter of fact he is never anything more than an unknown person 他侃侃而谈 但实际上他就是一个无名之辈 more than no more than not more than more than 1 more than 数词 over 数词 多于 用心 爱心 专心 11 2 more than 形容词 十分地 3 more than 名词 不只是 4 more than 句子 超出了 的范围 是某人不能做的 Well done I a