2012年高考英语二轮复习 非谓语动词学案

用心 爱心 专心1 课题名称 二轮复习二轮复习 非谓语动词非谓语动词 学习目标 1 分类 2 各自在句子中充当的成分 重点和难点 1 做状语 定语 补语的区分 2 非谓语动词时态和语态的正确选择 参考资料 创新教程 217 219 233 235 248 249 1 1 非谓语动词在类别上大致可分为三类 非谓语动词在类别上大致可分为三类 第一类 ing 类型 在语态上 ing 分词表主动 在时态上 分为一般式和完成 式 考点解析 非谓语动词 ing 类 考简单一点 可以直接考语态 也就是考察学生对事或 物与动作之间主动或被动关系的理解 如 1 In April 2009 President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy A marking B marked C having marked D being marked 解析 这道题主要考察了非谓语动词中的语态问题 显然 President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao 与 mark 应该是主动关系 所以这里用 marking the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy 在句中作结果状语 所以选 A 当然 也可以将时态的考察放进去 例如 04 年江苏卷 2 The old man abroad for twenty years is on the way back to his motherland A to work B working C to have work D having worked 解析 此句用现在分词作后置定语 注意 for twenty years 所以应该用分词的完成式 故选 D 注意 分词的完成式一般不用来作定语 只能作状语 但是非限制性后置定语则可用 分词的完成式 归纳总结归纳总结 一看语态 二看时态 三注意语法上的限制 一看语态 二看时态 三注意语法上的限制 第二类 ed 类型 在语态上表被动 在时态上 一般只有一般式 用心 爱心 专心2 考点解析 ed 类型在语态上的考察与 ing 类是一样的 主要考查学生对主动 被动 的辨别力 但有所不同的是在时态上 ed 类型的非谓语动词在作状语时一般不强调时 间的先后 只说明原因条件等 但这不是绝对的 有时题目中会有明显的时间点 我们就 要考虑时态的变化 例如 09 年北京卷第 34 题 3 twice the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog A Being bitten B Bitten C Having bitten D To be bitten 解析 此题中 postman 与 bite 应该是被动关系 其次考虑时态 显然这里是作状语表原 因 并且也没有很明确的时间点 所以用 bitten 就可以了 所以选 B 但也不是绝对的 例如我们可以说 Having been told several times he couldn t understand what I meant 也可以说 Told several times he couldn t understand what I meant 一般题目不会同时出现这两个选项 如果出现 就要观察句意是否着重强调 时间的先后 例如 Being used by me now the bike can t be lent to you 这句中就 着重强调了所处的时间段 now 所以 the bike can t be lent to you 归纳总结归纳总结 一看语态 二看时态 仔细斟酌 一看语态 二看时态 仔细斟酌 第三类 inf 类型 不定式的考察主要聚焦在它在句中所作的成分以及所对应时态 的理解 时态上 不定时有一般式 与谓语动词几乎同时发生 完成式 先于谓语动词 之前发生 和进行式 在谓语动词发生时正在进行 如 4 the project in time the staff were working at weekends A Competing B Having completed C To have completed D To complete 解析 此题考察了不定式在句中作目的状语 由题意可知 complete 应在 work 之后 所以 只需用一般式就可以了 所以选 D 5 5 I can hardly imagine Peter across the Atlantic Ocean in five days A sail B to sail C to be sailing D to have sailed 解析 很显然 sail 应该在 imagine 之前就发生了 所以选 D 同时在动词不定式的考察中还会涉及到一些小的语法知识点 现归纳如下同时在动词不定式的考察中还会涉及到一些小的语法知识点 现归纳如下 1 only 动词不定式 常表示未预料到的结果 令人失望的结果 2 动词接不定式或 ing 形式意义不同 例如 forget to do 和 forget doing regret to do 和 regret doing 等等 用心 爱心 专心3 3 分词作状语时 注意动词不定式的逻辑主语与主句中的主语是否一致 4 注意动词不定式在句中的成分 一般动词不定式可以作主语 定语 状语 宾语和宾语 补足语等等 理解其成分有助于解题 5 have let make 使役动词 notice observe see observe 等后接 sb do 归纳总结归纳总结 把握题意 关注时态 注意语法细节 把握题意 关注时态 注意语法细节 非谓语动词除了时态 语态上要注意 它们各自在句中的成分分析也不容忽视 这往往也非谓语动词除了时态 语态上要注意 它们各自在句中的成分分析也不容忽视 这往往也 是解题的关键 是解题的关键 一 一 对动词不定式和动名词作宾语时的考察对动词不定式和动名词作宾语时的考察 07 安徽 6 Robert is indeed a wise man Oh yes How often I have regretted his advice A to take B taking C not to take D not taking 解析 regret doing 意为后悔做过某事 显然这里成立 taking his advice 在句中作 regret 的宾语 not 直接加在前面就可以了 二 二 对非谓语动词作定语的考察对非谓语动词作定语的考察 07 湖南 7 Things never come again I couldn t help talking to myself A lost B losing C to lose D have lost 解析 对句意的分析可知 此处应用 lost 作后置定语来修饰 things 所以选 A 三 三 对动词不定式和分词作状语的考察对动词不定式和分词作状语的考察 09 江西 8 the right kind of training these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars A Giving B Having given C To give D Given 解析 本题考查了不定式作原因状语 Give 与 soccer players 应是被动关系 所以选 D 四 四 对动词不定式和分词作补足语的考察对动词不定式和分词作补足语的考察 07 全国 9 I smell something in the kitchen Can I call you back in a minute A burning B burnt C being burnt D to be burnt 解析 本题考察分词作宾语补足语 宾语 something 与补足语 burn 应是主动关系 所以选 A 注意 谓语动词 hope agree 等不能接动词不定式作宾语补足语 经典高考题 1 in thought he almost ran into the car in front of him 用心 爱心 专心4 A Losing B Having lost C Lost D To lost 2 The patient was warned oily food after the operation A to eat not B eating not C not to eat D not eating 3 The Olympic Games in 776B C did not include women players until 1912 A first playing B to be first played C first played D to be first playing 4 I would love to the party last night but I have to work extra hours to finish a report A to go B having gone C going D to have gone 5 Cleaning women in big cities usually get by the hour A pay B paying C paid D to pay 6 When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door Sorry to miss you will call later A read B reads C to read D reading 7 Robert is said abroad but I don t know what country he studied in A to have studied B to study C to be studying D to have been studying 8 The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier it more difficult A not make B not to make C not making D do not make 9 I ve worked with children before so I know what in my new job A expected B to expect C to be expecting D expects 10 late in the afternoon Bob turned off the alarm A To sleep B Sleeping C Sleep D Having sleep 11 Tony was very unhappy for to the party A having not been invited B not having invited C having not invited D not having been invited 12 The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year A carry out B carrying out C carried out D to carry out 用心 爱心 专心5 13 I really appreciate to relax with you on this nice island A to have had time B having time C to have time D to having time 14 Do let your mother know all the truth She appears everything A to tell B to be told C to be telling D to have been told 15 to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one s skin A Exposed B Having exposed C Being exposed D After being exposed 16 How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers The key the problem is to meet the demand by the customers A to solving making B to solving made C to solve making D to solve made 17 The research is so designed that once nothing can be done to change it A begins B having begun C beginning D begun 18 Generally speaking according to the directions the drug has no side effect 副作用 A when taking B when taken C when to take D when to be taken 19 The teacher asked us so much noise A don t make B not make C not making D not to make 20 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen A smoke B smoking C to smoke D smoked 21 The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain as the plane was making a landing A seat B seating C seated D to be seating 22 Laws that punish parents for their little children s actions against the laws get parents A worried B to worry C worrying D worry 23 the programme they have to stay there for another two weeks A Not completing B Not completed C Not having completed D Having not completed 用心 爱心 专心6 24 Having been ill in bed for nearly a month he had a hard time the exam A pass B to pass C passed D passing 25 The flowers sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of name A to smell B smelling C smelt D to be smelt 26 It shames me to say it but I told a lie when at the meeting by my boss A questioning B having questioned C questioned D to be questioned 27 He looked around and caught a man his hand into the pocket of a passenger A put B to be putting C to put D putting 28 This company was the first portable radios as well as cassette tapes recorders in the world A producing B to produce C having produced D produced 29 with a difficult situation Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice A To face B Having faced C Faced D Facing 30 The storm left a lot of damage to this area A caused B to have caused C to cause D having caused 31 09 安徽 The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture A produced B being produced C to be produced D having been produced 32 09 北京 For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit on his own farm A grown B being grown C to be grown D to grow 33 09 福建 not to miss the flight at 15 20 the manager set out for the airport in a hurry A Reminding B Reminded C To remind D Having reminded 34 09 海南 Now that we re discussed our problem are people happy with the 用心 爱心 专心7 decisions A taking B take C taken D to take 35 09 湖南 Every evening after dinner if not from work I w