人教版高一下英语情态动词强化

1 高一必修英语下册情态动词强化过关高一必修英语下册情态动词强化过关 高考考查知识点 高考考查知识点 ModalModal VerbsVerbs 1 1 had better should ought to had better had better 固定词组 意为固定词组 意为 最好最好 常用一般式 常用一般式 E g 1 You d better get some rest 2 We d better stop now 3 You better say yes if they ask you this question 有时可以省略有时可以省略 had should should 表义务 意为表义务 意为 应该应该 应当应当 E g You should do what your parents tell you He should look for a job but he doesn t want to How should I know I suggest that you should stay here till your teacher comes should 考点 考点 1 should 用于完成时中的肯定句用于完成时中的肯定句 should have done 表本该做而未做 表本该做而未做 的动作 的动作 E g 1 He looks so ill He should have stayed at home should 用于完成时中的否定句 用于完成时中的否定句 shouldn t have done 表本不应该做 表本不应该做 而做了的动作 而做了的动作 E g 1 They shouldn t have left the classroom EX With so much work on hand you to see the game last night A mustn t go B shouldn t go C could have gone D shouldn t have gone should 考点 考点 2 should 表推测时 暗含可能性很大 表推测时 暗含可能性很大 The film should be very good because it has first class actors should 可用在某些从句中 表虚拟语气 可用在某些从句中 表虚拟语气 本期将会深入介绍 本期将会深入介绍 1 I suggest that you should obey the rules in your new company 2 I advise that you finish your homework without any help from your classmates ought to ought to 用于表用于表 想必会想必会 应该应该 语气比语气比 should 强 但较强 但较 must 弱弱 1 They ought to be there by now 他们想必已到那儿了 他们想必已到那儿了 2 He ought to stop smoking 2 他最好不要抽烟了 他最好不要抽烟了 多数情况下 多数情况下 ought to 可与可与 should 互换使用 互换使用 ought to 的反意疑问句用的反意疑问句用 shouldn t 替代 替代 EX You ought to have helped him with his English you A won t you B ought not you C shouldn t you D wouldn t you 比较比较 had better should Must I be here before 9 o clock No you needn t 不能说不能说 No you mustn t Need I be here before 9 o clock Yes you must 不能说不能说 Yes you need 注意注意 1 need 作情态动词作情态动词 不能用于肯定陈述句不能用于肯定陈述句 在陈述句中在陈述句中 应该用应该用 need 的实义动词表达的实义动词表达 Eg 1 You need to be here before 9 o clock 陈述句陈述句 不能说不能说 You need be here before 9 o clock 2 回答回答 Must Need 开头的问句开头的问句 不能说不能说 Yes you need No you mustn t dare 过去式过去式 dared 敢于敢于 eg 1 He dare not go into the building even in the daytime 2 How dare you ask me such a question 3 If you dare say that again you shall be punished 注意注意 dare 作情态动词时作情态动词时 不能用于肯定陈述句中不能用于肯定陈述句中 if 条件句除外条件句除外 在肯定陈述句中在肯定陈述句中 要用要用 dare 的的实义动词实义动词来表达来表达 敢于敢于 在实义动词在实义动词 dare 的否定句中的否定句中 可以省去后面的可以省去后面的 to dare 过去式过去式 dared 敢于敢于 不能说不能说 He dare go into the building in the dark night 正确 正确 He dares to go into the building in the dark night 正确 正确 He doesn t dare to tell us the truth 表示习惯性动作或状态表示习惯性动作或状态 will 指现在指现在 往往往往 总是总是 就会就会 Fish will die out of water He ll talk for hours if you give the chance would 指过去指过去 常常常常 总是总是 表动作的重复表动作的重复 比较比较 used to 指过去指过去 常常常常 总是总是 表动作的变化 暗示现在不再表动作的变化 暗示现在不再 如此如此 Eg 1 She would used to stand and talk with her neighbors in front of the house as she had breakfast 6 2 His father used to smoke ago but he doesn t now will 过去式过去式 would 用于各种人称用于各种人称 表示意愿表示意愿 意志意志 eg 1 I will stick to my plan though all of you are against it 2 I told him to give up smoking but he wouldn t listen 情态动词情态动词 完成式动词完成式动词 指过去的动作或情况指过去的动作或情况 1 may might have done sth 可能做过可能做过 了了 某事某事 过去本可以做某事过去本可以做某事 2 can t couldn t have done sth 不可能做了某事不可能做了某事 过去本不能做某事过去本不能做某事 3 must have done sth 过去一定过去一定 准是做了某事准是做了某事 4 needn t have done sth 过去本不必做某事过去本不必做某事 实际上已做实际上已做 5 could have done sth 过去本可以过去本可以 能做某事能做某事 实际上没做实际上没做 过去可能做了某事过去可能做了某事 6 should have done sth 过去本应做某事过去本应做某事 实际上没做实际上没做 7 ought to have done sth 过去本应做某事过去本应做某事 实际上没做实际上没做 8 shouldn t have done sth 本不应做某事本不应做某事 实际上已做实际上已做 9 oughtn t to have done sth 本不应做某事本不应做某事 实际上已做实际上已做 1 了解情态动词的完成式用法 了解情态动词的完成式用法 一 一 shouldshould ought ought toto havehave donedone 本来应做而未做 表达遗憾感情色彩本来应做而未做 表达遗憾感情色彩 例例 1 I told Sally how to get there but perhaps I for her NMET94 A had to write it out B must have written it out C should have written it out D ought to write it out 例例 2 I was really anxious about you you home without a word NMET2001 A mustn t leave B shouldn t have left C couldn t have left D needn t leave 二 二 may mightmay might havehave donedone 可能已做可能已做 mustmust havehave donedone 一定已做一定已做 can tcan t havehave donedone 不可能做不可能做 例例 1 Where is my pen I it NMET88 A might lose B wouldn t have lost C should have lost D must have lost 例例 2 The light in his room is still on so he to bed A mustn t have goneB must have gone C shouldn t have gone D can t have gone 析 选析 选 D 由于他房间里的灯还亮着推测 他不可能已经上床睡觉了 应填 由于他房间里的灯还亮着推测 他不可能已经上床睡觉了 应填 can t have gone 三 三 could have done 7 指本来能做而实际未做 表达遗憾的感情色彩指本来能做而实际未做 表达遗憾的感情色彩 Eg You could at least have sent five cards 2 熟悉情态动词委婉用法 熟悉情态动词委婉用法 could would might 等情态动词均有委婉用法 它们不是过去式而是表示等情态动词均有委婉用法 它们不是过去式而是表示 语气委婉 客气 礼貌 常用与疑问句 并多用于习惯表达 语气委婉 客气 礼貌 常用与疑问句 并多用于习惯表达 如如 would you please would you mind would you like to 等 等 might 还可以用于肯定句表示推还可以用于肯定句表示推 测 表示可能性小 测 表示可能性小 might 和和 could 表示征求对方意见时 回答必须还成表示征求对方意见时 回答必须还成 may can 例例 1 Could I borrow your dictionary Yes of course you A mightB will 高考重点高考重点 C canD should 析 选析 选 C 该句用 该句用 can 的委婉表达式的委婉表达式 could 来征求对方意见 来征求对方意见 could 和和 might 通用 但回答时必须还成通用 但回答时必须还成 can 或或 may 因此该题不选 因此该题不选 A 例例 2 you mind my smoking here A ShouldB Could C MightD Would 析 选析 选 D 征求对方意见 我是否在这儿吸烟 语气理应委婉 所以应选委婉 征求对方意见 我是否在这儿吸烟 语气理应委婉 所以应选委婉 的表达方式 的表达方式 would you mind 来征求对方意见 来征求对方意见 3 弄清情态动词的异化现象 弄清情态动词的异化现象 有些情态用于疑问句进行回答时 出现了异化现象 此时回答在某个角度不能有些情态用于疑问句进行回答时 出现了异化现象 此时回答在某个角度不能 继续使用该情态动词 而改用别的动词 继续使用该情态动词 而改用别的动词 例例 1 Must I start at once No you A needn tB mustn t C can tD won t 析 析 A 由语境可知该答句表示 由语境可知该答句表示 不必不必 而 而 mustn t 表示表示 不准 禁止不准 禁止 不符合 不符合 语境 显然应使用语境 显然应使用 needn t 表示表示 不必不必 但肯定句回答继续用 但肯定句回答继续用 must 例例 2 Need I hand in my exercise book at once Yes you A must B need C canD will 析 选析 选 A 根据规定 根据规定 need 用于一般疑问句作肯定回答应换成用于一般疑问句作肯定回答应换成 must 而作否定回而作否定回 答时 使用答时 使用 need 的否定式的否定式 needn t 例例 1 I tell John about it No you needn t I have told him already NMET94 A ShallB WillC CanD May 析 选析 选 A 从回答句 从回答句 No you needn t 的语境可知 问句征求对方意见 表示的语境可知 问句征求对方意见 表示 需要需要 而且用语第一人称 要使用而且用语第一人称 要使用 shall 例例 2 you please help me with my English A WouldB DoC ShallD Can 析 析 A 次句表示追求对方意见 有 次句表示追求对方意见 有 愿意愿意 之意 而且又用于地二人称 应选之意 而且又用于地二人称 应选 用用 would 5 注意下列细节 注意下列细节 1 情态动词可表示某一特定的语气或态度 情态动词可表示某一特定的语气或态度 can 表示惊异 怀疑 不相信的态度 用于否定句 疑问句或感叹句 表示惊异 怀疑 不相信的态度 用于否定句 疑问句或感叹句 8 How can you be so careless may 可以表示祈使句 表示祝愿 可以表示祈使句 表示祝愿 May we never forget each other May you success Why How should 结构表示说话人对某事不理解 感到意外 等意结构表示说话人对某事不理解 感到意外 等意 思 常译为思 常译为 竞会竞会 How should I know 2 shall 用于第二 三人称陈述句中 表示说话人给对方的命令 警告 许用于第二 三人称陈述句中 表示说话人给对方的命令 警告 许 诺或威胁 诺或威胁 You shall have the book when I finish it 3 cannot cannever too enou gh 表示表示 无论如何 无论如何 也不过分 也不过分 越 越 越好 越好 You cannot be too careful 4 cannot but do sth 表示表示 不得不 只好不得不 只好 I could not but choose to go 5 may well may as well 前者为前者为 完全能 很可能完全能 很可能 to be likely to He may well be proud of his son 后者为后者为 最好 满可以最好 满可以 had better You may as well stay here over the night 注意区分情态动词否定式表达含义 注意区分情态动词否定式表达含义 或许不或许不 may not might not 不不 可能可能 can t 不能够不能够 can t 不许可不许可 may not can t mustn t 不必不必 needn t 不应该不应该 shouldn t oughtn t to 课堂小测课堂小测 高考考题高考考题 1 I thought you like something to read so I have brought you some books A may B might C would D must 2 Where is my pen I it A might lose B would have lost C should have lost D must have lost 3 I didn t hear the phone I asleep A must be B must have been C should be D should have been 4 There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well It a comfortable journey A can t be B shouldn t be C mustn t have been D couldn t have been 5 It s nearly seven o clock Jack be here at any moment A must B need C should D could 1 A computer think for itself it must be told what to do A can t B couldn t C may not D might not 2 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get 9 out A had to B would C could D was able to 3 They will run this machine on their own in three months A can B could C may D be able to 4 That big cinema seat 2 000 people A can B should C ought to D is able to 5 Could I borrow your dictionary Yes of course you A might B will C can D should 6 Might I watch TV after supper Yes you A may B must C might D can 7 You return the book now You can keep it till next week if you like A can t B mustn t C needn t D may not 8 Johnny you play with the knife you hurt yourself A won t can t B mustn t may C shouldn t must D can t shouldn t 9 Will you stay for lunch Sorry My brother is coming to see me A I mustn t B I can t C I needn t D I won t 10 May I pick a flower in the garden A No you needn t B Not please C No you mustn t D No you won t 1 Put on more clothes You be feeling cold with only a shirt on A can B could C must D would 2 Must I drive to his house and pick up the children No A you shouldn t B you might not C you needn t D you mustn t 3 We didn t see Tom at the meeting yesterday He it A mustn t have attended B cannot have attended C needn t have attended D would not have attended 4 We play chess than bridge Some of us don t know how to play bridge A had better B would better C would rather D had rather 5 There is someone knocking at the door it be Tom A can B must C should D ought to 6 Two years ago my husband bought me a bicycle If you live in town it is often faster than a car and you worry about parking A must not B may not C should not D don t have to 1 May I sit beside you sir No you My girlfriend is coming soon A can t B mustn t C needn t D shouldn t 2 I speak to Mary please 10 Sorry she come to the phone because she isn t in A Might won t B Can t mustn t C May can t D Couldn t shouldn t 1 Is John coming by train He should but he not He likes driving his car 02 高考 高考 A must B can C need D may 2 It has been announced that candidates 候选人候选人 remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected 2002 上海高考题 上海高考题 A can B will C may D shall 3 I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter 02 京高考 京高考 It true because there was little snow there A may not be B won t be C couldn t be D mustn t be 3 I want to know if I smoke here No you Could you see the sign NO SMOKING there A can needn t B must can t C shall won t D may mustn t 4 My wife never remembers my telephone number She always look it up A must B should C would D has to 5 you pass me the English magazine please Sure Here you are A Could B Need C Must D Might 6 Must I go to work with you No you Linda go with me A mustn t can B can t has to C daren t should D needn t may 7 I tell Mary the test results No you She s already got the score A Will won t B Shall needn t C May mustn t D Can don t 8 You be careful when crossing here The traffic lights aren t working A might B ought to C could D may 9 Could I borrow your bicycle Yes of course you A will B should C can D need 10 Joan come with us this afternoon but she isn t very sure yet 11 A can B may C must D will 11 I ask you the question because I think I be wrong A daren t must B mustn t can C needn t may D can t should 12 It s nearly eight o clock Mike be here at any moment A need B has to C should D can 13 The fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone get out A had to B would C could D was able to 14 What do you think of this answer I don t think it be right A should B might C must D can 15 Is John coming by train He should but he He likes driving his car A can t B needn t C may not D mustn t 16 He doesn t have to work tomorrow but you have got to you A don t B haven t C haven t got D can t 17 You wake me up when I fall asleep you A haven t better have B would not rather would C had better not should D had not better must 18 Why I couldn t get you on the phone this morning We tennis in the yard when you phone me A could be playing B must be playing C must have been playing D should have played 19 We didn t see him at the lecture Neither did anybody else He it A may not have attended B mustn t attend C can t have attended D couldn t attend 20 I came here by taxi and the driver charged me 50 yuan Really You have come by bus A could B must C may D should 21 Do you still remember when we went to the Great Wall I can t remember it well but it have been sometime last May 12 A should B must C could D would 22 I wonder why Mr Lin didn t come to work He have been ill A needn t B should C might D can 23 No one passed the mathematics examination today I guess we the exercise last night A could review B should review C might review D should have reviewed 24 She the hospital so soon for she hasn t yet recovered A wouldn t have left B shouldn t have left C needn t leave D hadn t left 25 Why didn t you tell me there was no meeting today I all the way here through the heavy snow A needn t have driven B can t have driven C must have driven D shouldn t have driven 26 The book is neither yours nor mine Whose it be A mu