湖北省荆州市2014高考英语 阅读理解、完形填空训练（14）

1 湖北省荆州市湖北省荆州市 20142014 高考英语阅读理解 完形填空训练 高考英语阅读理解 完形填空训练 1414 及答案 及答案 阅读理解 每题 2 分 满分 8 分 选材相似度 设题相似度 难度系数 Mankind evolved to possess the fight or flight stress response allowing us to survive in a dangerous world Yet in today s man made jungle it has become one of our greatest killers Even simple tasks such as driving to work are often compounded by emotional responses expletives hurled fists shaken in anger and aggressive threats made toward other drivers We forget to turn off our nature and instead allow stress anger and frustration to take physical control of our bodies WhyWhy StressStress AngerAnger andand FrustrationFrustration areare ProblematicProblematic The problem with stress and anger in the modern world is that most stressful or frustrating scenaries do not require an active physical response There are no lions or tigers to escape only imaginary ones Our inactivity in the face of stress or frustration causes most of us not to recognize that our fight or flight response system has been started Our bodies often exist in a state of constant panic and the chemicals and hormones released into the blood become toxic resulting in heart disease arthritis osteoporosis diabetes and certain cancers The biological response that has helped to keep us from becoming prey fo r thousands of years is now preying upon us HowHow toto KeepKeep StressStress AngerAnger andand FrustrationFrustration fromfrom KillingKilling YouYou The first thing to do in the battle against stress and anger is to recognize them Recognizing triggers and physical responses to stressful situations can help you reduce them Once you recognize that a stressful situation has triggered a physiological response the best way to bring the body back into a homeostatic state is through physical activity Walking running biking jumping or any energetic activity will help bring the body back into equilibrium While 2 it may seem strange to do 100 jumping jacks after a stressful meeting or go for a jog after getting into an argument with your wife it can save your life It only feels unnatural because our environment is unnatural Don t let stress anger or frustration eat at you Fight back through exercise NotesNotes frustration n 挫折 equilibrium n 平衡 长短句分析 Our bodies often exist in a state of constant panic and the chemicals and hormones released into the blood become toxic resulting in heart disease arthritis osteoporosis diabetes and certain cancers 句法点睛 and 前后为顺承关系 resulting 是动名词形式作结果状语 句意 我们的身体常常处于一种持续的恐慌状态 这使得化学物质和释放入血液中的荷 尔蒙变得有毒 从而导致心脏病 关节炎 骨质疏松症 糖尿病和某些癌症 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文 主要讲述了面对压力 愤怒和挫折 人们最佳的应 对方法 进行体育活动 1 Which of the following isn t mentioned in the passage as the expression of emotional response during driving to work A Expletives hurled B Sweat all over C Fists shaken in anger D Aggressive threats 答案 B 细节理解题 由第二段第一句 Even simple tasks such as driving to work are often compounded by emotional responses expletives hurled fists shaken in anger and aggressive threats made toward other drivers 可知 A 项 C 项和 D 项都在文中有信息支持 只有 B 项未提及 2 What can we infer from the underlined sentence A Our biological response is not as useful as before B There is something wrong with our biological response C Our biological response now affects us in a bad way D Our biological response now makes us the prey of other livings 答案 C 推理判断题 这句话直译是 数千年来使得我们成为捕猎者的生物反应现在 3 反过来使得我们成为被捕猎者 意味着以前帮助我们生存的生物反应现在使得我们在生存 中变得十分被动 因而 C 项正确 其他选项均不合语境 3 Find out a word which has the similar meaning with the underlined phrase in this passage A Equilibrium B Stressful C Unnatural D Frustrating 答案 A 词义猜测题 由语境可知 使身体回到 homeostatic state 的最好方式 是进行体育活动 后面一句对上文进行了进一步解说 equilibrium 和 homeostatic state 是同义词 4 Which of the following is NOT the right way to keep you from stress anger and frustration A Do jumping jacks B Go for a jog C Have a walk D Stay at home doing nothing 答案 D 推理判断题 由最后一段最后两句 Don t let stress anger or frustration eat at you Fight back through exercise 可知 击败压力 愤怒和挫折 的最好办法是进行体育活动 选项中只有 D 项不是体育活动 第第 篇篇 Celebrity 名人 has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture Fans used to be crazy about specific film but now the public tends to base its consumption 消费 on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product Besides fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don t sell nearly as well as famous faces As a result celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential moving from advertising for others products to developing their own Celebrity clothing lines aren t a completely new phenomenon but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers and limited to a few TV actresses Today they re started by first class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands The most successful start ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style As celebrities become more 4 and more experienced at the market they expand their production scale rapidly covering almost all the products of daily life However for every success story there s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal No matter how famous the product s origin is if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self promotional marketing And once the initial 最初的 attention dies down consumer interest might fade loyalty 忠 诚 returning to tried and true labels Today celebrities face even more severe embarrassment The pop cultural circle might be bigger than ever but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebrity s shelf life and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears Still the ego s 自我的 potential for expansion is limitless Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered As the saying goes success and failure always go hand in hand Their success as designers might last only a short time but fashion like celebrity has always been temporary 5 Fashion magazines today A seldom put models on the cover B no longer put models on the cover C need not worry about celebrities market potential D judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly 解析 细节理解题 由第一段 fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover 可知答案 答案 A 6 A change in the consumer market can be found today that A price rather than brand name is more concerned B producers prefer models to celebrities for advertisements C producers prefer TV actresses to film stars for advertisements D quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned 解析 推理判断题 文章第三段论述名人如果高估了自己的形象价值而忽视了质量问 题 人们还是最终会失去兴趣而信任质量过硬的品牌 答案 D 5 7 The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly A decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his products B damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general public C cut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show business D influence the price of a celebrity s products 解析 推理判断题 联系此句上下文 流行文化圈越来越大 但失败的风险也会越来 越大 依靠名人效应的品牌一旦失足 影响的不只是名人自己的形象还有企业的效益 A 项 最全面 其他选项片面或偏离中心 答案 A 8 The passage is mainly about A celebrity and personal style B celebrity and market potential C celebrity and fashion design D celebrity and clothing industry 解析 主旨大意题 通过对文章的分析可以看出 文章讲的是名人和市场潜能的关系 而不是和个人风格 流行设计 服装工业的关系 答案 B 结束结束 完型填空 完型填空 7 7 It was Christmas 1961 I was teaching in a small town where my twenty seven third graders eagerly 1 the great day gift giving in advance Each day the children produced some new 2 string of popcorn hand made trinkets and German bell Through it all a girl remained alone watching from a distance 3 miles away I wondered what would happen to this quiet child once so happy now suddenly so withdrawn I hoped the festivities would 4 to her But nothing did The students made the fried marbles 玻璃弹子 and competed with one another to bring the 5 ones 6 The day of gift giving finally came We cheered over our handiwork as the presents were 6 All along she sat quietly watching To see her smile I had made a special bag for her She opened it so slowly and carefully I waited but she 7 away I had not passed through the wall of 8 she had built around herself After school I sat down in a chair hardly 9 of what was happening When she came to me with her hands holding a small white box and slightly soiled as if it had been held many times by 10 childish hands she said nothing For me I asked She said not a word but nodded her head I took the box and cautiously opened it There inside glistening green a fried marble 11 from a golden chain Then I looked into that eight year old face and saw the 12 in her dark brown eyes In a flash I knew she had made it for her mother who had died just three weeks before and would never hold her or brush her hair or 13 her childish joys or sorrows I meant it when I whispered Oh Maria it is so beautiful Your mother would love it Neither of us could stop the 14 She threw herself into my arms and we wept together And for that brief moment I became her mother for she had given me the greatest 15 of all her trust and love 1 A prepared B wantedC expected D waited 2 A fancies B plansC wonders D ideas 3 A barely B generallyC mainlyD seemingly 4 A lead B appeal C adapt D stick 5 A prettiest B wisest C heaviest D smallest 6 A collected B chosen C exchanged D delivered 7 A gave B threw C carried D turned 8 A loneliness B isolationC communication D anxiety 9 A afraid B aware C sure D careful 7 10 A untouched B unusedC unwashed D unknown 11 A protected B hung C held D made 12 A question B eagerness C worry D happiness 13 A know B enjoy C comfort D share 14 A cry B excitement C tearsD feeling 15 A joyB beauty C memory D gift 1 5ACDBA 6 10CDBBC 11 15BADCD 结束 Lisa was running late Lisa 25 had a lot to do at work plus visitors on the way her parents were coming in for Thanksgiving from her hometown But as she hurried down the subway stairs she started to feel uncomfortably warm By the time she got to the platform Lisa felt weak and tired maybe it hadn t been a good idea to give blood the night before she thought She rested herself against a post close to the tracks Several yards away Frank 43 and his girlfriend Jennifer found a spot close to where the front of the train would stop They were deep in discussion about a house they were thinking of buying But when he heard the scream followed by someone yelling Oh my God she fell in Frank didn t hesitate He jumped down to the tracks and ran some 40 feet toward the body lying on the rails No Not you his girlfriend screamed after him She was right to be alarmed By the time Frank reached Lisa he could feel the tracks shaking and see the light coming The train was about 20 seconds from the station It was hard to lift her She was just out But he managed to raise her the four feet to the platform so that bystanders could hold her by the arms and drag her away from the edge That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness felt herself being pulled along the ground and saw someone else holding her purse Lisa thought she d been robbed A woman held her hand and a man gave his 8 shirt to help stop the blood pouring from her head And she tried to talk but she couldn t and that was when she realized how much pain she was in Police and fire officials soon arrived and Frank told the story to an officer Jennifer said her boyfriend was calm on their 40 minute train ride downtown just as he had been seconds after the rescue which made her think about her reaction at the time I saw the train coming and I was thinking he was going to die she explained 语篇解读 本文讲述了 Frank 在地铁站 冒着被列车轧死的危险救助了因身体虚弱而 失去知觉的 Lisa 的经过 1 What was the most probable cau