高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解训练2121.doc

湖北安陆市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解训练阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014山东省泰安市高三第一轮复习质量检测】More than one in four children alive in Britain today will celebrate their 100th birthday，official figures showed.The special figures show a huge social change，with todays children likely to survive far longer than their parents or grandparents.Of the 12.4 million children aged 16 and under,3.3 million (27%) will become someone who is a hundred years old or older.In a class of 30 children，eight can live to be 100.And the rest of the children are likely to get to an old age，even though they will not make it to three figures.Experts warned that children may live to 100，but that they will not get their state pension until they are 70 or beyond.The state pension age is rising to 66 for both men and women by 2020，and the Government has warned it will continue to rise.Laith Khalaf，a pension expert，said，“Living to an old age is lucky if you can afford it，but a nuisance if you cant.Those without enough savings will be depending on the state pension which will be changed.”It also increases the possibility of millions of people surviving until their 100th birthday with a poor quality of life because of poor health and little money.Millions of older people have no pensions，no savings and no plans about how they are going to pay for their retirement other than to carry on working.If the older population demands more resources，then they have to come from their own wealth or the government.Laith said，“Millions of people will be spending over a third of their lives in retirement.It is high time that we reformed the state pension system.We want to make it fair for future generation.”1From the first paragraph we can learn that_.Atodays children probably live longer than their parentsBfew of British children are expected to live to an old ageCmore than 30% of children aged 16 can live to be 100D20% of British children will celebrate their 100th birthday2The underlined word “nuisance” in Paragraph 2 probably means_.Asomebody who is disabledBsomebody who is dishonestCsomething that causes troubleDsomething that is incorrect3What kind of life will people living to 100 probably face?AA high quality of life because of the development of technology.BA low quality of life because of bad health and limited money.CA high quality of life because of the increase in food price.DA low quality of life because of the present government.4Why should the government at present reform the state pension system?AThe present pension system isnt quite useful.BPeople nowadays dont need the pension at all.CMore and more people ask the government to do so.DThe present pension system is unfair for future generation.5What can be inferred from the text?AThe retirement age will be raised to 70 or beyond.BThe government will provide job chances for the retired.CThe state pension age for men is different from that for women.DIt will increase the governments pressure if more children live to 100.语篇解读官方数据表明，现在的英国儿童会比他们的长辈活得更久。令人担心的是，这将会给政府带来巨大的养老负担。1解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的第二句“The special figures show a huge social change，with todays children likely to survive far longer than their parents or grandparents.”可知，现在的英国儿童可能会比他们的长辈活得更久，故选A。答案：A2解析：考查词义猜测。根据上下文可知，画线词所在句表示“如果你能够承担养老的费用，长寿是一种幸运，但如果承担不起，那就会是一种麻烦”，故nuisancesomething that causes trouble，答案为C。答案：C3解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“It also increases the possibility of millions of people surviving until their 100th birthday with a poor quality of life because of poor health and little money.”可知，活到100岁的人可能会面临因身体差、资金有限而造成生活质量降低的问题，即B项正确。答案：B4解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段的最后一句“We want to make it fair for future generation.”可知，目前的养老金制度对于后代来说是不公平的，因此政府要改革养老金制度，故D项正确。答案：D5解析：考查推理判断。根据第三段的最后一句“If the older population demands more resources，then they have to come from their own wealth or the government.”可知答案。答案：D.阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Belton and Canfield are two seashore towns, not far apart. Both towns have many hotels, and in summer the hotels are full of holiday- makers and other tourists(观光者).Last August there was a fire at the Sea breeze Hotel in Belton. The next day, this news appeared on page two of the towns newspaper, The Belton Post:FIRE AT SEABREEZELate last night firemen hurried to the Sea breeze Hotel and quickly put out a small fire in a bedroom. The hotel manager said that a cigarette started the fire. We say again to all our visitors: “Please dont smoke cigarettes in bed.” This was Beltons first hotel fire for five years.The Canfield Times gave the news in these words on page one.ANOTHER BELDON HOTEL CATCHES FIRELast night Belton firemen arrived just too late to save clothing, bedclothes and some furniture at the Sea breeze Hotel. An angry holiday-maker said, “An electric lamp probably started the fire. The bedroom lamps are very old at some of these hotels. When I put my bedside light on, I heard a funny noise from the lamp.” We are glad to tell our readers that this sort of adventure does not happen in Canfield.What are the facts, then? It is never easy to find out the exact truth about an accident. There was a fire at the Sea breeze Hotel last August: that is one fact. Do we know anything else? Yeswe know that firemen went to the hotel.Now what do you think of the rest of the “news”?1. Which of the following best gives the main idea of this text?A. Belton and Canfield are both good places for tourists in summer.B. A fire broke out one night in Sea breeze Hotel last summer.C. It was not easy to find out exact truth from newspapers.D. Two newspapers gave reports on the same matter. 答案解析：答案为C。本题为主旨大意题。文章前面的内容陈述了两则不同的新闻报道，后面的内容对新闻报道进行总结，由倒数第二段第二句话 “It is never easy to find out the exact truth about an accident.” 可知，答案为C。2. Which of the following are probably facts?a. The fire broke out in a bedroom at the hotel.b. A cigarette started the fire.c. An old lamp started the fire.d. The fire broke out at night.e. There has never been a fire in Canfield.A. b and c B. a and dC. c and e D. a and c答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第一则报道的第一句话 “Late last night firemen hurried to the Sea breeze Hotel and quickly put out a small fire in a bedroom.” 和第二则报道的第一句话 “Last night Belton firemen arrived just too late to save clothing, bedclothes and some furniture at the Sea breeze Hotel.”可知，火灾都发生在晚上和房间里，故答案为B。3. The Canfield Times used the headline (标题) like this in order to make its readers think _.A. hotels in Belton often catch fireB. hotels in Belton dont often catch fireC. this was the second fire at the Sea breeze HotelD. Belton was a good place except that hotels there are not quite safe答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推理题。Canfield Times报纸报道的新闻标题使用 “another” 意在告诉读者Belton的旅馆经常发生火灾，这样可以使得自己城市的旅游业更具有竞争力。故答案为A。4. The Canfield newspaper gave a report just the opposite to the Belton Post by saying that _.A. the bedroom lamps were very old at the Sea breeze HotelB. the bedroom lights made funny noise when the fire took placeC. the firemen failed to save clothing, bedclothes and other thingsD. such accidents never happened in Canfield for the past 5 years答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。 Canfield报纸报道的第一句话 “Last night Belton firemen arrived just too late to save clothing, bedclothes and some furniture at the Sea breeze Hotel.” 一语中的，把最重要的信息首先传递给受众，“消防员到达太晚未能挽救房间里的衣服，床单被褥和一些家具”， C选项的意思与此吻合，故答案为C。干扰项A选项是该则报道后面的内容，不可选。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。One reaction to all the concern about tropical deforestation（砍伐森林） is a blank（茫然的） stare that asks the question, Since I dont live there, what does it have to do with me? The answer is that your way of life, wherever you live in the world, is tied to the tropics in many ways. If you live in a house, wash your hair, eat fruits and vegetables, drink soda, or drive a car, you can be certain that you are affected by the loss of tropical forests. Biologically, we are losing the richest regions on earth when, each minute, a piece of tropical forest, the size of ten city blocks, disappears. As many as five million species of plants, animals, and insects (40 to 50 percent of all living things) live there, and are being lost faster than they can be found and described. Their loss is immeasurable. Take rubber for example. For many uses, only natural rubber from trees will do. Synthetics are not good enough. Today over half the worlds commercial rubber is produced in Malaysia and Indonesia, while the Amazons rubber industry produces much of the worlds four million tons. And rubber is an important material in making gloves, balloons, footwear and many sporting goods. Thousands of other tropical plants are valuable for their industrial use. Many scientists strongly believe that deforestation contributes to the greenhouse effect - or heating of the earth from increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As we destroy forests, we lose their ability to change carbon dioxide into oxygen. Carbon dioxide levels could double within the next half-century, warming the earth by as much as 4.5 degrees. The result? A partial melt-down of polar ice caps, raising sea levels as much as 24 feet; even 15 feet could threaten anyone living within 35 miles of the coast. Unbelievable? Maybe. But scientists warn that by the time we realise the severe effects of tropical deforestation, it will be 20 years too late. Can tropical deforestation affect our everyday lives? Now, you should have got the answer.11. The underlined word synthetics probably means . A. natural rubber B. tropical materials C. man-made material D. commercial rubber12. In the last paragraph the author tries to . A. tell people how to avoid the tropical deforestation B. persuade people to buy something synthetic C. show us how important it is to protect the tropical forests D. let people realise the effect of tropical deforestation13. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. The forests are losing their function in turning carbon dioxide into oxygen. B. Many of our daily uses are related to the tropical forests. C. Tropical plants can be used to make industrial products. D. High carbon dioxide levels will make the earth warmer.14. The authors attitude towards the tropical deforestation is . A. puzzling B. cold C. supporting D. opposed15. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Tropical Forests B. Saving the Tropical Forests C. Tropical Forests and Our Life D. The Greenhouse Effects【参考答案】1115、CCADC阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。With only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save these in a dangerous situation. Thats a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called Noahs Ark.Noahs Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of these animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & Ms College of Veterinary, Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds and reptiles will probably become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.The nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy, but the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem, Kraemer believes. They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and its difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort, adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A&M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.They are trying to do something thats never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noahs Ark. Were both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and theres a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. The cooperation between us is very much needed.1. The final aim of Noahs Ark project is to_. .A. make efforts to clone the endangered pandas B. save endangered animals from dying outC. collect DNA of endangered animals to study D. transfer the nuclear of one animal to another答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第二段内容可知，“诺亚方舟”项目的目的在于收集濒临灭绝的动物的卵子、胚胎、精子和DNA，并用液体氮将它们储存起来。如果某些物种灭绝了，将会有足够的基础建设材料再造这些物种。最后一段第二句 “Were both trying to save animals that face extinction.”又一次提到了这个项目的目的，即拯救濒临灭绝的物种。故答案为B。2. According to Professor Kraemer, _.A. the long time lasting cloning research could be successful.B. the eggs transfers immediately result in having a baby.C. the lack of nuclear transfer could be a major problem to have new pandas.D. if species should die out, basic building blocks would heal them.答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段第一句话 “but the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem”可知，C选项错误。由该段第二句话 “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (h