定语从句做题技巧

精品文档 1欢迎下载 定语从句讲解 定语在句子中起修饰限定作用 定语的标志是 的 因此英语中多用形容词作定语 如果 一句话作定语就被称作定语从句 从句结构 先行词 多为名词或代词 关系词 从句 陈述语序 先行词即定语从句所修饰的词 多为名词 也可以是代词 也可以说定语从句是名词或者 代词后的从句 关系词分为关系代词和关系副词 指人 who that 做主语 宾语 表语 whom 宾语 表语 whose 定语 关系代词 指物 which that 主 宾 表 whose 定语 关系词 关系副词 指时间 when 指地点 where 指原因 why 作状语 指物时关系代词指物时关系代词 whichwhich 和和 thatthat 的区别的区别 一般情况下二者可以互换 eg I love this book which that my brother bought for me 定语从句中关系词必须用定语从句中关系词必须用 thatthat 的情况的情况 1 被修饰的先行词是不定代词 all much something everything nothing none the one 等时 注意 表示人 的不定代词即可用 that 也可用 who whom 如 Anyone who that doesn t like this film must tell me Do you have something that is very difficult to understand All that I can do is to give him some hope 2 被修饰的先行词还有一些特定意义的修饰词 如 the only the very the right any every no all much many little few 等 如 The only thing that we know is that the universe is very big Any bus that can go there is OK This is just the the very the right book I am looking for There are few cars that are driving slowly Every car that has a high price is worth what it costs 精品文档 2欢迎下载 3 句子中出现过 which 或 who 之类的词 为了避免重复 要用 that 如 Who is the man that is speaking The factory which produces shoes that are very good has gone bankru 4 关系代词在从句中作表语时 多用 that 如 She is not the girl that she was three years ago 5 先行词被形容词最高级 序数词等修饰时 应用 that 如 Tang Guoqiang has become one of the best actors that appear on Chinese screens 6 先行词既有人又有物或 time 如 Can you tell me the people and events that you saw in Britain The man and his dog that looked odd came to me quietly Each time that he came here he would like to talk with her 7 一个句子中有两个定语从句时 如第一个从句中已用 who 第二个从句中宜用 that 如 The man who is at table is his brother that has been serving in the army 8 当先行词是 to be 的表语 或关系代词本身是从句的表语时 关系代词应用 that 如 1 It s a song that is very popular 2 My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be 9 当主句以 There be 开头时 关系代词应用 that 如 There is a seat in the corner that is still free 10 当一个句子中含有两个定语从句时 如前一个已用关系代词 which 后一个关系代词 宜用 that 如 I ll borrow a book which tells about the heroic deeds that the PLA did in the battles against the invaders 但两个定语从句的结构如果平行 一个定语从句中用关系代词 that 另一个定语从句也应 重复 that 如 He told me to read a book that is very short and that is very interesting 11 与 the same 指同一物 连用 构成 the same that 结构时 关系代词只能用 that 如 This is the same museum that you once visited 注意 the same that 结构中的 that 不能用 as 代替 因为 the same as 与 the same that 的含义不同 关系代词必须用关系代词必须用 whichwhich 的情况 的情况 精品文档 3欢迎下载 紧跟介词作宾语时 即介词 which The building in which Han Mei studied was very old 此类解题技巧是 记住与此类解题技巧是 记住与 whichwhich 相关的用法即可 其他的均用相关的用法即可 其他的均用 thatthat 考点 关系词的选择考点 关系词的选择 定语从句解题技巧 定语从句解题技巧 1 1 先看从句所缺句子成分 缺主 宾 表 定语 用关系代词 先看从句所缺句子成分 缺主 宾 表 定语 用关系代词 不缺主 宾 表 定不缺主 宾 表 定 即缺状语 用关系副词 即缺状语 用关系副词 注意 缺宾语时 可以将谓语动词与先行词连读 能搭配的即是缺宾语 反之缺状语 注意 缺宾语时 可以将谓语动词与先行词连读 能搭配的即是缺宾语 反之缺状语 2 2 再看先行词的指代 再看先行词的指代 缺关系代词时 看先行词指人还是指物 缺关系代词时 看先行词指人还是指物 缺关系副词时 看先行词指时间 地点还是原因 缺关系副词时 看先行词指时间 地点还是原因 注意 注意 whywhy 的先行词只有的先行词只有 thethe reason reason 如 如 1 1 ThisThis isis thethe villagevillage I I waswas born born 2 2 ThisThis isis thethe villagevillage I I visitedvisited lastlast year year 3 3 I I stillstill rememberremember thethe days days wewe spentspent together together 4 4 I I stillstill rememberremember thethe days days wewe hadhad a a goodgood timetime together together A A which thatwhich that B B whenwhen C C wherewhere D D whatwhat 解析 解析 1 1 选选 C C 先看从句句子成分 从句为主系表结构 即不缺主 表 用关系副词 先看从句句子成分 从句为主系表结构 即不缺主 表 用关系副词 先行词先行词 thethe villagevillage 指地点 用指地点 用 wherewhere 2 2 选选 A A 先看从句句子成分 句子主语为先看从句句子成分 句子主语为 I I visitvisit 是及物动词 后必须要有宾语 因是及物动词 后必须要有宾语 因 此 此句缺宾语 用关系代词 此 此句缺宾语 用关系代词 先行词先行词 thethe villagevillage 指物 用指物 用 which thatwhich that 3 3 选选 A A 先看从句句子成分 句子主语为先看从句句子成分 句子主语为 wewe spentspent 是及物动词 后必须要有宾语 因此 此句缺是及物动词 后必须要有宾语 因此 此句缺 宾语 用关系代词 宾语 用关系代词 先行词先行词 thethe daysdays 指物 用指物 用 which thatwhich