2013年高考英语 易错点点睛与高考突破 专题09 名词性从句

1 20132013 年高考英语年高考英语 易错点点睛与高考突破易错点点睛与高考突破 专题专题 1010 副词性从句副词性从句 2012 2012 高考预测高考预测 1 名词性从句中连接词的正确选用 2 that 引导的宾语从句 wh 引导的宾语从句以及某些特殊词后所跟的宾语从句 3 that 和 wh 引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型 4 获 that wh 疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句 同位语从句 5 名词性从句中 从句部分的语序要用陈述语序 不能用凝问语序 6 that 引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别 7 Whether 和 if 在名词性从句中的用法区别 难点突破难点突破 一 各类名词性从句的区别 1 who whoever what whatever 等的用法区别 一般说来 在名词性从句中 what who 虽然不表示疑问的语气 但是所陈述的内容却是未知的 含特指意义 而 whatever whoever 等含泛指意义 意为 无论什么 无论谁 并且表达的语气很强烈 2 whether if 的用法区别 whether 和 if 在宾语从句中可以互换 但是作某些介词 的宾语时连接词一般用 whether whether 可与 or not or 连用 用来引导主语从句 表语 从句 同位语从句等 也可与动词不定式连用 if 不能与动词不定式连用 3 疑问词 ever 和 no matter 疑问词 的区别 疑问词 ever 可引导名 词性从句 在从句中充当一定的成分 还可引导让步状语从句 no matter 疑问词 只 能引导让步状语从句 不能用于名词性从句中 二 要注意名词性从句和定语从句 状语从句的不同 三 解决名词性从句的相关题目的步骤 1 名词性从句可以充当主语 宾语 表语和同位语 要分清句子结构 然后再确认试 题考查的名词性从句的所属类型 2 正确选择连接词 一般说来 引导名词性从句的连接词包括连接代词和连接副词 其中代词在从句中起名词的作用 作主语 宾语或表语 而副词则充当状语 表示时间 方式 原因等 例 1 2012 辽宁卷 The newcomer went to the library the other day and 2 searched for he could find about Mark Twain A wherever B however C whatever D whichever 特别提醒 whatever no matter what 引导让步状语从句 anything that 引导名词性从句 在名词性从句中 whatever 语气强 一般相当于 what 可被其代替 He will do what whatever he can to help us 两者均可 whatever 最佳 例 3 2012 福建卷 We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star A who B whom C whoever D whomever 答案 C whoever 在宾语从句中作主语 promise sb sth 结构 例 4 The prize will be given to performs best A who B whom C whoever D whomever 答案 C whoever 在宾语从句中作主语 whoever anyone who 特别提醒 whoever whomever no matter who whom 引导让步状语从句 anyone who whom 引导名词性从句 who whom 引导定语从句 引导名词性从句 whoever whomever 名词性从句表示 的人 who whom 名词性从句表示 谁 一件事 例 5 2012 陕西卷 As many as five courses are provided and you are free to choose suits you best 3 A whatever B whichever C whenever D wherever 特别提醒 whatever whichever no matter what which 引导让步状语从句 相当于what which 但语气强 引导名词性从句 what 在名词性从句中作主语 宾语 表语 在名词性从句中作定语 what n pron 无范围 I don t know what color she likes which 在名词性从句中作定语 which n pron 单数 有范围 So many books here I don t know which one I should take 例7 2009 陕西卷 The how to book can be of help to wants to do the job A who B whomever C no matter who D whoever 答案 D 此处考查宾语从句 whoever 在从句中作主语 特别提醒 wh ever no matter wh 引导让步状语从句 一般相当于wh 引导名词性从句但语 气强 who whom whoever whomever 除外 鉴别办法 截枝法 4 将从句去除 若主句主干结构 即主 谓 宾 主 系 表 完整 则考查状语从句 定语 从句无 wh ever 引导词 同位语从句 wh ever 从未考查 若主句结构不完整 则考查名词 性从句 例 8 2011 江西卷 Why don t you bring to his attention that you re too ill to work on 特别提醒 常见句型 1 It 形 式主语 be adj p p vi vt n pron to do that从句 wh 从句 doing 特殊句型 真正主语 2 sb sth v it 形式宾语 adj n to do that从句 wh 从句 doing 特殊句型 真正宾语 例 11 2012 重庆卷 Evidence has been found through years of study children s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when then grow up A why B how C whether D that 5 特别提醒 同位语从句后移现象 1 同位语从句为了句子结构平衡 从主句谓语之前移至主句谓语之后 2 定语从句后移现象与之极为类似 只是从句性质不同 详见定语从句热点 1 3 例13 Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see A who is he B who he is C who is it D who it is 答案 D 考查宾语从句语序和 it 指代人的用法 例 14 He looks upset but I don t know with him A what is the matter B what the matter is C what the matter was D what was matter 答案 A 考查从句语序 what is the matter 为主系表结构 例 15 I wonder I met him before A where was it B where was it that C where it was D where it was that 答案 D 考查从句语序 在从句中须用陈述语序 特别提醒 1 虽然所有从句 省略 倒装特殊句式除外 都须是陈述语序 但涉及从句语序问题 6 大多考查名词性从句 尤其宾语从句 2 近年来强调句型和名词性从句结合考查语序比较常见 例 16 2012 天津卷 It doesn t matter you turn right or left at the crossing both roads lead to the park A whether B how C if D when 例 18 2012 安 徽卷 The limits of a person s intelligence generally speaking are fixed at birth but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment A where B whether C that D why 答案 B 句意 一个人的智力极限 通常来说 出生时就已经定型了 但他是否能 够达到这些极限取决于他所处的环境 根据 depend on 可知 主语从句含有不确定因素 可排除 C where 表示地点 why 表示原因 用于此处不合适 而使用 whether 表示 是否 与题意吻合 例 19 2010 浙江卷 It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about although about two thousand patients have taken it A that B what C how D whether 7 特别提醒 whetherif 4 种名词性从句宾语从句 有限制 whether to doif to do whether 从句可作介词宾语if 从句不作介词宾语 I don t know whether or not he will come I don t know whether he will come or not I don t know if or not he will come I don t know if he will come or not 易错点点睛易错点点睛 易错点点睛易错点点睛 1 1 名词性从句中连接词的正确选用名词性从句中连接词的正确选用 1 Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game A why B wtat C who D that 错误解答 B 或 D 错解分析 许多考生都误以为 what 在本题中充当 failed 的宾语 或认为空格后 不缺成分 故选 B 或 D 实际上就本题而言 不难看出句意为 玛丽写了一篇关于队伍为 何在比赛中失败的文章 所以应该选用强调原因的 why 正确解答 A 2 A computer can only do you have instructed it to do A how B after C what D when 8 4 His ability has never been in doubt the question is he is prepared to work hard A whether B if C that D where 错误解答 B 错解分析 很多同学对 whether 和 if 的用法一知半解 尽管二者都有 是否 的 意思 但在主语 表语或同位语从句中只能用 whether 不能用 if 正确解答 A 5 He can t answer the question hegot the money A what B that C how D where 错误解答 B 错解分析 许多考生知道这是一个同位语从句 在定性思维中认为同位语从句用出 at 引导 事实上同位语从句也可用 when where why 等来引导 不一定只用 that 正确解答 C 特别提醒 1 that 引导名词性从句时 在从句中无意义 不作成分 只起到连接作用 在宾语从 句中可省略 9 He told me that he would leave soon 2 what 与出 at 在名词性从句中的区别 Right What he said was true 这是一个主语从句 what 在从句中作动词 said 的宾词 意思是 话 或 事 此句中不能用 that That he came late made the teacher angry 这个句子还是主语从句 从句中意思完整 所以用 that 来引导 起到一个标志作用 变式探究变式探究 1 I try to understand prevents them from being as happy as one might expect although they are so rich A that B what C it D whether 答案 B 解析 what 引导宾语从句 2 Although Mary is happy with her success she wonders will happen to her private life A that B this C it D what 答案 D 解析 what 引导宾语从句 3 The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car and I could have the money without delay A what B that C 不填 D whether 答案 B 解析 what 只起连结词作用 本身无义 I have found out they will ask to lead the vic tory march on Saturday A when B where C whom D what 答案 C 解析 whom 引导一个宾语从句 在宾语从句中又作 ask 的宾语 5 It was not until dark he found he thought was the correct way to solve the problem A that what B that that C when that D when 10 that 答案 A 解析 这是一个带有宾语从句的加强调句型 主句是 not until 句型 易错点点睛易错点点睛 2 2 thatthat 引导的宾语从句 引导的宾语从句 wh wh 引导的宾语从句以及某些特殊词后所跟的引导的宾语从句以及某些特殊词后所跟的 宾语从句宾语从句 1 As soon as he comes back I will tell him when and see him A you will come B will you come C you come D do you come 3 The leaders of the battle ordered all of us the work on time A if finished B that finish C whether finished D what finished 错误解答 A 或 C 错解分析 许多考生认为 A C 答案均讲得通 即 任务是否要以接时完成 但本 题由于受 ordered 这个词的限制 应该选 B 其中 finish 为 should finish 的省略形式 正确解答 B 4 Most of the university students are confident they can get a good job 11 with higher pay A whether B that C where D when 特别提醒 1 出 at 引导的宾语从句出 at 常用来引导宾语从句 通常 that 可以省略 He has told me that he will go to Shanghaitomorrow 他已经告诉我他明天要去 上海 注意 在 demand order suggest decide 等表示要求 命令 建议 决定等意义的 动词后 hat 从句 常用 should 动词原形 的结构 2 wh 引导的宾语从句 I want to know what he has told you 我想知道他告诉了你什么 3 形容词后所跟的宾语从句 某些动态形容词 afraid confident aware certain sure doubtful 等 在句中 做表语时 后面可跟宾语从句 例句 I am confident that I can get the job 我有信心我可以得到这份工作 变式探究 1 We can t figure out quite a number of insects birds and animals are dying out A that B as C why D when 12 3 Mr Smith suggested that all of the students their exercise books A handed in B should hand in C handing in D that hand in 答案 B 解析 尽管动词 suggest 用了过去式 但 suggest 后若跟宾语从句 则从句部分应用 shoulddo 结构 易错点点睛易错点点睛 3 3 thatthat 和和 wh wh 引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型 1 After Yany Liwei succeeded in circling the earth our astronauts desire to do is walk in space A where B what C that D how 错误解答 C 或 D 错解分析 本题考查主语从句 首先排除 C 因为该主语从句缺成分 而 that 不 充当任何成分的 where 和 how 只能充当状语成分 而本句缺少 do 的宾语 因此应选 B 13 正确解答 B 3 It is a shame we lost that expensive car A that B when C as D if 错误解答 B 或 D 错解分析 很多考生不知道 It 在本句中作形式主语 本句实际上是 It is was a 名词 that 结构 正确解答 A 特别提醒 1 that 引导的主语从句 that 引导的主语从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末 在实际应用中常常采用 it 形 14 式主语形式 That he passed the English test is true It is true that he passed the English test 2 形式主语的四个主要句型 It be 名词 that 从句 It is a pity that 可惜的是 用于此句型的名词还有 fact shame honor question 等 It be 形容词 that 从句 It is certain that 很肯定 可用于此句型的形容词还有 clear better natural important neeessary It be 动词的过去分词 that 从句 It is said that 据说 可用于此句型的过去分词还有 believed known reported 等 It 不及物动词 that 从句 如 It seems that 好像是 似乎 可用于此句型的不及物动词还有 happen appear 等 变式探究 1 there is life on another planet is almost impossible A How B That C why D Whether 答案 B 解析 That 引导主语从句 2 in the newspaper that the Japanese minister will arrive next week A It says B It is said C It has said D He is said 答案 B 解析 构成 his was 十过去分词 that 结构 3 is still a secret when the president will make a public speech A That B He C What D It 答案 D 解析 It 充当形式主语 when 引导主语从句 15 易错点点睛易错点点睛 4 4 由由 thatthat wh wh 疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句 同位疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句 同位 语从句语从句 1 A stroy goes Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court A when B where C what D that 2 Are you still thinking about yesterday s game oh that s A what makes me feel excited B whatever feels me about C how I feel about it D when I feel excited 16 4 The question he asked was the electrical equipment should be stored A what B which C where D because 特别提醒 1 that 引导的表语从句 基本结构 主语 系动词 that 从句例句 The fact is that we have lost the game 2 wh 疑问词引导的表语从句 That is why I tell you the news 那就是我为什么告诉你这个消息的原因 17 3 从属连词 as if boecause just as 等引导的表语从句 It is because I have ever heard of the story 那是因为我曾经听说过这个故事 4 同位语从句 同位语从句通常由 that 引导 可用于同位语从句的名词有 advice demand doubt fact hope idea information message news order problem promise question repuest suggestion truth wish word 等 变式探究 1 The reason she gave for not being present was the heavy snow prevented her coming A because B why because C that D why whether 4 What she wants to know is dress she should buy A that B what C which D why 答案 C 解析 本题考查表语从句用法 从句意看 应该是表选择关系 即 想买哪件衣服 5 He asked the question this material can stand high temperature 18 A what B why C whether D when 2 We all agree with him on he said A what B that C why D how 答案 A 解析 置于介词后的宾语从句一般不用 that 引导 本句充当 said 的宾语 故用 what 5 I m sorry your mother is iii A whom B if C that D how 答案 C 解析 主语 be 形容词 that 结构 6 We think it important we should keep the balance of nature A whether B what C that D which 19 答案 B 解析 that 引导宾语从句后置 it 为形式宾语 10 Things were not they seemed to be A what B because C that D where 答案 A 解析 what 引导表语从句 11 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water it looks as ifit A breaks B has broken C were broken D had been broken 答案 C 解析 在 as if 引导的表语从句中 谓动词有时 可用虚拟语气 如本题中 铅笔似乎 断了 实际上未断 12 The reason I plan to go is if I don t A because she will be disappointed B that she will be disappointed C because she will be disappointed 20 D on account of she will have a disappointed 答案 B 解析 that 引导表语从句 15 It worried her a bit her hair was tunrning grey A while B that C if D for 答案 B 解析 it 是形式主语 that 用来引导真正的主语 此时不可省略 16 is known to all that WTO stands for World Trade Organization A Which B What C As D It 答案 D 解析 it 充当形式主语 17 The fact she works hard is well known to us A that B what C why D which 答案 A 解析 同位语从句 18 The mountain is no longer it used to be A which B that C as D what 21 21 I know nothing about her except she is from Canada A how B when C that D why 答案 C 解析 that 作介词宾语从句 22 What a pity is you didn t arrive by daylight A there because B it that C he when D that for 答案 B 解析 it 充当形式主语 此句结构可还原成 It is a pity that 23 we can t get seems better than we have A What what B What that C That that D That what 答案 A 解析 前一个 what 引导主语从句 且作 get 的宾语 后一个 what 作 have 的宾语 24 It s not yet clear of those will be chosen to do the job A that B whom C which D whose 答案 C 解析 Which 表选择关系 引导主语从句 让为形式主语 22 28 is still a secret when the president will make a pub lic speech A That B He C What D It 答案 D 解析 it 充当形式主语 29 It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey A while B that C if D whether 答案 B 解析 that 引导主语从句 it 此时为形式主语 30 breaks the law should be punished A No matter who B Whoever C All D Who 答案 B 解析 whoever 引导主语从句 no matter who 虽语 意相同 但不能引导主语从句 31 is to practise using English often A That you should do B Which you should do C What you should do D Whatever you do 23 34 She dresses well but the trouble is the clothes she is wearing don t go with each other very well A even if B whether C that D if 答案 C 解析 that 引导表语从句 35 The suggestion students should learn some practical English is worth considering A if B which C D that 答案 D 解析 同位语从句 36 they don t like us is very clear A What B That C Which D Where 答案 B 解析 that 引导主语从句 可省 因为主语成分齐全 37 yon ve all had a wonderful vacation A It would be good that B It is good that C It was good that D It will be good that 答案 B 24 解析 It is was 形容词 that 结构 41 I don t doubt he will come A that B if C what D whether 答案 A 解析 doubt 前有否定词时 只能用 that 引导 42 It s not clear he did it A who B which C whom D why 答案 A 解析 why 引导主语从句 43 I missed a word here in the sentence Well that s you were mistaken A when B what C where D why 25 46 Never take for granted that I will help you A that B it C which D that 48 Lei Feng was always thinking of he could help others A that B how C when D which 答案 B 解析 how 表方式 即 如何帮助别人 49 The green typewriter is mine Do you know whose typewriter A is this blue one B this blue one C is this blue D this blue one is 26 完型填空 One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive Suddenly I 51 that a man sitting at a table near the window kept glancing in my direction 52 he knew me The man had a newspaper 53 in front of him which he was 54 to read but I could 55 that he was keeping an eye on me when the waiter brought my 56 the man was clearly puzzled 困惑 by the 57 way in which the waiter and I 58 each other He seened even more puzzled as 59 went on and it became 60 that all the waiters in the restaurant knew me Finally he got Up and went into the 61 When he came out he paid his bill and 62 without another glance in my direction I called the owner of the restaurant and asked what the man had 63 Well he said that man ws a detective 侦探 He 64 you here because he though you were the man he 65 what I said showing my 66 The owner continued He came into the kitchen and showed me a photo of the wanted man I 67 sa