高中英语 Unit 3 Travel journal 人教实验版必修1知识精讲

用心 爱心 专心 高一英语高一英语 Unit 3 Travel journal 人教实验版必修人教实验版必修 1 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容一 教学内容 必修 1 Unit 3 Travel journal 一 重点单词 二 重点短语 三 重点句型 二 知识精讲二 知识精讲 一 重点单词 1 prefer vt 更喜欢 选择某物 而不选择其它事物 常构成短语 prefer A to B 喜欢 A 甚于 B prefer to do 更喜欢做某事 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿 也不愿 例 I much prefer classic music to pop music 和通俗音乐比起来我更喜欢古典音乐 Many people who live in cities would actually prefer to live in the country 很多生活在城市的人实际上更愿意生活在乡下 I prefer to stay at home rather than go to the cinema with Jane 我宁愿待在家里也不愿和简去看电影 注意 prefer 的过去式和现在分词分别为 preferred preferring 2 persuade 1 vt 说服 劝服 常构成短语 persuade sb to do sth persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事 例 At last he persuaded him to give up the foolish plan At last he persuaded him into giving up the foolish plan 他终于说服他放弃了那个愚蠢的计划 2 vt 使某人相信 使某人信服 常构成短语 persuade sb of sth persuade sb that 使某人相信 例 We are persuaded of the justice of her case 我们确信她对案件的审理是公正的 How can I persuade you that I am sincere 怎样才能使你相信我是真心实意的呢 即学即用 While shopping people sometimes can t help into buying something they don t really need A to persuade B persuadingC being persuaded D be persuaded 答案答案 C 用心 爱心 专心 注意 persuade sb to do sth 指成功地说服 说而不服 或说而无果 不能直接用 persuade 而应用 try to persuade sb to 或 advise sb to do sth 或者用 persuade 的否定式 例 Some of us advised him to change his mind but no one could persuade him to do so 我们很多人劝他改变主意 但没有人成功 即学即用 I him not to smoke but he didn t think it necessary A persuaded B advised C hoped D suggested I was able at last to my mother to follow my advice A suggest B advise C persuade D leave off 答案答案 BC 3 finally adv 最后 终于 final adj 最后的 n 常用复数 决赛 期末考试 We waited and waited and the rain finally arrived 我们等啊 等啊 雨最后终于到来了 What is the final score of the table tennis single for men 乒乓球男单比赛的最后得分是多少 How are you prepared for your finals 期末考试你准备得怎样啊 即学即用 She put some soil in the box then sowed the seed carefully and covered it with more soil she kept the box in the shade A First B Finally C Generally D Gradually 答案答案 B 4 determine vt 决定 确定 下决心 常构成短语 determine sth 确定某事 determine to do sth 决定做某事 determine clause 决定做某事 determine 特殊疑问词 to do sth 决定 做某事 例 We should determine the date for the party now 我们现在就应该定下聚会的日子 I determined to go no farther that night 那天晚上我决定不再向前走了 We haven t determined where the new school will be built 我们尚未决定在何处建新校 They haven t determined when to leave the Iraq 他们还没有决定何时离开伊拉克 知识拓展 1 determined 为过去分词形式的形容词 意为 坚定的 果断的 在句中可作定语 表语 例 Her determined look encouraged everybody there 她的坚定的眼神鼓舞了那里所有的人 His voice was determined his eyes were flashing 他声音坚定 目光炯炯 用心 爱心 专心 2 determined 还可以表示 决定 下决心 后接不定式或 that 从句 有时也可作 状语 例 The soldiers were determined to fight to death 战士们决心战斗到死 Mother is determined that I shall go to a key university 母亲决心让我上重点大学 The girl left the school sadly determined never to come back 那女孩伤心地离开了学校 决定再也不回来了 3 determine to do be determined to do make up one s mind to do decide to do 例 They determined to drive the enemy away from their country They were determined to made up their mind to decided to drive the enemy away from their country 他们决定把敌人赶出他们的国家 即学即用 He gave me a look and I knew we were sure to win the game A determine B determined C determining D determination 他们下定决心大学毕业以后经商 to go into business when they leave college 她是一个坚定的女人 总能达到自己的目的 She is a who always gets what she wants 答案答案 B They have made up their minds determined woman 5 attitude n 态度 看法 常构成短语 attitude to towards sb sth 对 的态度 看法 例 She shows a very positive attitude to her work 她工作态度非常积极 Don t take that attitude towards me young man 别用这种态度对我 小伙子 注意 attitude 为态度 altitude 为纬度 大家一定要分清 二 重点短语 1 Ever since middle school my sister Wang wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip 从高中起 我姐姐王薇和我就梦想作一次了不起的自行车旅行 ever since 从那以后 dream about of 梦想 梦见 后接名词 代词 动名词 例 What a small world I wouldn t dream of meeting you here 世界真小 真没想到会在这儿碰见你 The young soldier sometimes dreams of his hometown 那位年轻的士兵经常梦见自己的家乡 知识拓展 用心 爱心 专心 dream n 常构成短语 have dream a dream 做梦 realize a dream 实现梦想 即学即用 It s a small town You can never dream a VIP in the street A to meeting B of seeing C in meeting D on seeing 答案答案 B 2 Although she didn t know the best way of getting to places she insisted that she organize the trip properly 尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚 她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽 美 the way of doing sth the way to do sth 做某事的方式 例 I ve got no way of contacting him at all 我根本没有办法和他联系 insist 句中 insist 的意思为 坚决要求 坚持要求 后面从句的谓语动词常用 should do 其中 should 可以省略 若 insist 表示 坚持认为 这个意思时 后面的从句应 该用陈述语气 例 The stubborn man insisted that he should do it all by himself 这个固执的人坚决要求独自做这件事情 Lucy insisted that she heard somebody in the house 露西坚持认为她听到屋子里有人的声响 Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything 迈克坚持说他没有偷任何东西 知识拓展 insist 与介词 on upon 构成短语 insist on upon doing sth 坚决要求 坚持要求 例 His parents insisted on his going to college 他的父母坚决主张他上大学 I insist on taking proper food for this bike trip 我坚决主张携带适合这次自行车旅行的食品 即学即用 My parents always let me have my own of living A means B manner C way D road Mr Smith insisted that I his book within three days A returns B returned C had returned D return All of us insisted out the plan at once A to carry B to carrying C on carrying D carrying 答案答案 CDC 3 My sister doesn t care about details 我的姐姐不关心细节 care about 忧虑 关心 惦念 care about 与从句连用时 about 常省略 例 Don t you care about anybody 你难道不关心任何人吗 Don t you care what happens to them 用心 爱心 专心 你难道不担心他们出事吗 I don t care whether we win or lose 我不在乎我们是赢是输 知识拓展 care for 照顾 照料 喜欢 想要 常用于否定句和疑问句 The children are being well cared for 孩子们得到了精心的照顾 Would you care for a drink 要喝一杯吗 即学即用 The only thing he seems to is money He needs enough money to go to college A care about B care of C care for D take care of 答案答案 A 4 Once she has made up her mind nothing can change it 她一旦下了决心 什么也不能使 她改变 once 在此句中为连词 意为 一旦 一 就 Once she arrives we can start 她一到 我们就可以开始了 Once you understand this rule you ll have no further difficulty 一旦你弄明白了规则 就没什么困难了 知识拓展 once 的常见短语 at once 立即 all at once 突然 once more 再一次 once in a while 偶尔 make up one s mind 打定主意 决定 后常接不定式 例 At last they made up their minds to blow up the factory 最后 他们决定炸毁那座工厂 知识拓展 常见的和 mind 搭配的短语还有 keep bear in mind 牢记 change one s mind 改变主意 out of one s mind lose one s mind精神失常 失去理智 out of sight out of mind 眼不见 心不烦 speak one s mind 直言不讳 即学即用 you make a promise you should keep it A Though B Unless C Once D Even if 答案 答案 C 5 When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5000 meters she seemed to be excited about it 当我告诉她我们将在海拔 5000 米处开始旅程 她好像对此很兴奋 用心 爱心 专心 at an altitude of at a height of 在海拔 米处 例 The plane is flying at a height an altitude of 10 000 meters 飞机在 1 万米高空飞行 注意 at 在此处表 在 处 时 以 后接年龄 速度 长宽深高 价格费用等 知识拓展 at the age of 在 岁时 at a high low price 以高价 低价 at a depth width height of 在 深 宽 高处 at the cost of 以 为代价 at a distance of 在 距离 6 Finally I had to give in 最后 我不得不放弃 give in 让步 妥协 屈服 呈交 give in to 向 屈服 屈从 例 They argued back and forth until finally Buzz gave in 他们反复争论 直到最后布兹作出让步 The boss is so stubborn that we have to give in to him 这位老板很固执我们只好迁就他 You were supposed to give this work in four days ago 你四天前就该交上这份作业了 知识拓展 常见的和 give 搭配的短语还有 give away 送掉 捐赠 表露 流露 泄露 秘密 give off 发出 气味 光 热 声音等 give out 分发 宣布 公布 筋疲力尽 give up sth doing sth 放弃做某事 终止做某事 即学即用 After the long trip both the men and the horses Because of his small salary he had to his dream trip to Europe Seeing that he could not persuade me he had to my view He most of his fortune to the poor Please keep the secret don t it 答案答案 gave out gave up gave in to gave away give away 7 It was great fun especially as it gradually became much warmer 随着气温逐渐升高 下山 变得尤为有趣 great fun 非常有趣的事情 此外 fun 也可以用 much 或 good 来修饰 常构成 It is much great good fun to do 句型 表示做 很有趣 例 Why don t you come with us It ll be great fun 你为什么不跟我们来呢 会玩得很痛快的 注意 此处 fun 为不可数名词 意为 玩笑 乐事 有趣的事 知识拓展 常和 fun 搭配的短语还有 用心 爱心 专心 have fun 玩得愉快 What fun 多有趣啊 for fun 为了好玩 make fun of 嘲弄 拿 开心 即学即用 it was to swim in the river in such a hot day A What great fun B What a great fun C How great fun D How a great fun 答案答案 A 8 We put up our tents and then we ate 我们搭起帐篷然后吃饭 put up 举起 抬起 raise 挂起 张贴 建造 搭起 build 例 He put up his hand to catch the teacher s attention 他举起手来引起老师的注意 A new notice has been put up on the board 布告牌上张贴了一则新启事 A new theatre will be put up where there used to be a temple 将在原来是寺庙的地方建一家新影院 知识拓展 常见的与 put 搭配的短语还有 put away 把 收起来 存放 put back 放回原处 put down 放下 写下 镇压 put forward 提出 put off 推迟 拖延 put out 扑灭 put an end to 使结束 即学即用 My grandfather had over 50 000 dollars I ll just your telephone number in my book The working party has a good plan for moving to a new site The meeting has been till next week 答案答案 put away put down put forward put off 本单元其它一些重要的短语 本单元其它一些重要的短语 1 grow up 长大 2 get sb interested in sth 使某人对某事感兴趣 3 graduate from college 大学毕业 4 get the chance to do sth 有机会干某事 5 from where it begins to where it ends 从它开始的地方到它结束的地方 6 be fond of 喜爱 喜欢 7 keep doing 不断做 8 more than 超过 多于 9 be excited about 对 感到兴奋 用心 爱心 专心 10 an interesting experience 一次有意思的经历 11 pass through deep valleys 穿过深谷 12 at first last 起初 最后 13 as usual 像往常一样 14 feel like 感觉像 15 change for 替换或代替某人 某物 16 for company 作伴 一起 17 make camp 扎营 18 stay awake 不睡觉 19 at midnight 在午夜 20 can hardly wait to do 迫不及待地做 21 say Hello to 向某人问候 22 give my love best wishes to 向某人致以我最好的祝愿 三 重点句型 1 It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends 是我姐姐首先想到骑自行车沿湄公河从它的源头行走到入海口 本句为强调句型 强调句的结构为 It is was 被强调部分 that who 其余部分 注意 强调句中 it 不能更换 is was 与 其余部分 的时态一致 被强调部分可以是 除谓语以外的任何成分 被强调部分是人则可用 that who 强调其它成分与内容都用 that 强调时间和地点不能用 when 或 where 只用 that 例 All the members held a meeting in the club yesterday 本句根据上下文和说话者意图可改成下列强调句型 1 It was all the members that who held a meeting in the club yesterday 强调主语 was 不能换为 were 2 It was a meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday 强调宾语 a meeting 3 It was in the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday 强调地点状语 that 不可换为 where 4 It was yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club 强调时间状语 that 不可换为 when 再来看下面几个特殊例子 1 It was because he got caught in a heavy traffic that he was late for work 是因为遇上严重的交通堵塞他才上班迟到 此句中的 because 不可用 as since 替代 总结 It is was that 强调句型中的被强调部分如果是原因状语从句 只能由 because 引导 不能由 since as 或 why 引导 2 It was not until their mother came back that the children went to bed 孩子们一直到母亲回来才去睡觉 总结 not until 的强调句型为 It is was not until that 3 Where was it that you saw the teacher 总结 如果强调的是特殊疑问句 要用 特殊疑问词 is was it that 结构 表 示 究竟是谁 到底在哪里 等等 即学即用 用心 爱心 专心 It Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago A was B are C were D had been It was he arrived at the station he realized he had left his tickets at home A not until then B until that C not until when D not until that you got in touch with Mr Smith Through a friend of mine A It was how that B How was it C How was it that D Was it how that 答案答案 ACC 知识拓展 判断句子是否为强调句的方法 将一个句子中的 It was is 和 who that 去掉后 若句子的剩余部分是一个完整的句子 就是强调句结构 否则不是 即学即用 It was midnight I got here yesterday It was at midnight I got here yesterday A that B until C before D when 答案答案 DA 2 She gave me a determined look the kind that said she would not change her mind 她给 了我一个坚定的眼神 这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的 在本句中 the kind 是 a look 的同位语 the kind the kind of look 后面是 that 引导的 定语从句 其中 say 为不及物动词 指 文字 数字 图画等 指明 表明 例 The clock on the wall said it was a quarter to ten 墙上的钟是 9 点 45 分 3 When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold 当我告诉她 将呼吸困难 天气严寒 本句中 主语 be adj to do sth 是一个常用句式 通常不定式用主动形式表达被 动含义 例 The problem is really hard to work out 这个问题很难解决 My boss is hard to deal with 我的老板很难相处 4 To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us we were surprised by the view 爬山是艰难的 但当我们环顾四周时 周围的美景让我们惊叹 本句中 to climb the mountains 为不定式作主语 不定式作主语通常可以用形式主 语 it 来代替 而把真正的主语的不定式放在后面 此外 不定式作主语 谓语动词通常用 单数 例 To learn a foreign language is important for your future work It is important for your future work to learn a foreign language 掌握一门外语对你将来的工作很重要 用心 爱心 专心 It took me only 5 minutes to finish the work 完成这项工作只花了我 5 分钟的时间 即学即用 great fun to play basketball after school A It has B It is C This is D There has 答案答案 B 5 1 Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles 你有没有见过雪人骑自行车 2 At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds 有的地方海拔很高 以至于我们发现自己正骑着自行车在云层当中穿梭 3 we saw many yaks and sheep eating green grass 我们看见很多的牦牛和绵羊正在吃草 以上几个句子均出现了分词和不定式作宾补的现象 第一个句子为动词原形 即不 带 to 的不定式 作宾补 后两个句子均为现在分词作宾补 在感官动词 see watch observe look at hear listen to 等和使役动词 have 后 当宾语和宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上 的主动关系时 宾补有两种形式 1 不带 to 的不定式表示动作已完成 2 现在分词 doing 表 示动作正在进行 例 I heard her sing an English song just now 我刚才听见她唱了一首英文歌 I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday 昨天我经过她的房间时 听见她在唱英文歌 即学即用 When he came to he found himself on a chair with his hands back A to sit tying B sitting tied C seating tied D to seat tied 答案答案 B 典型例题典型例题 1 Could it be in the restaurant in you had dinner with me yesterday you left behind your keys and wallet A that which B which that C where that D that where 2 is easy to learn English but is difficult to learn well A It it this B It this it C It it it D It which which 3 was only when I reread the poems again I began to appreciate their beauty A That why B It that C It it D That that 4 I hear Warren in a middle school What I can t imagine him as a teacher A teaches working B teaches work C teach to work D teach working 5 It is always the husband who first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple A gives awayB gives outC gives offD gives in 6 I am to set out as early as possible since time is limited A decidedB determinedC mindedD suggested 用心 爱心 专心 7 I him not to smoke but he didn t think it necessary A persuaded B advised C hoped D suggested 8 Who is making so much noise in the garden the children A It is B They are C That is D There are 答案答案 BCBADBBA Unit 3 语法语法 现在进行时表将来现在进行时表将来 预习导学预习导学 1 现在进行时的构成 be doing 2 观察下面的句子 总结现在进行时的基本用法 1 We are waiting for you 2 What are you doing recently 3 The leaves are turning red 4 You are always changing your mind 3 现在进行时表将来指的是近期的 按计划或安排将要发生的动作 例 I am leaving tomorrow 4 观察下面的句子 总结一般将来时的表示方法 1 The building will be finished next month 2 What are you going to do tomorrow 3 We are to discuss the report next Saturday 4 He is about to leave for Beijing 5 不用进行时态的动词有哪些 6 观察下面的句子 总结过去进行时的用法 1 It was raining when they left the station 2 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself 7 观察下面的句子 总结一般现在时代替一般将来时的几种情况 1 If you do that again I ll hit you 2 He is going to visit his aunt the day he arrives in Beijing 模拟试题模拟试题 答题时间 60 分钟 第一部分 英语知识运用 第一节 单项填空 1 It is the third time late this month A that you arrived B when you arrived C that you ve arrived D when you ve arrived 2 The guide is tired his job and is thinking about taking a new one A by B of C from D with 3 At first she wanted to hope but the teacher encouraged her not to A give up B give in C give out D give away 4 It s really time I went home but I m enjoying myself so I here a bit longer A stay B have stayed C stayed D am staying 5 It was the training he had as a young man made him a good editor A that that B what that C which that D who that 6 He insisted that he a lot for the company and he made head of the company 用心 爱心 专心 A did be B had done be C has done was D has done is 7 Since Alice trusts you only you can her to change her mind A suggest B attract C advise D persuade 8 Have you ever in front of thousands of people at a concert with everyone while you were singing A dreamed of to be clapped B dreamed to be to clap C dreamed of being clapped D dreamed of being to be clapping 9 You can take anything from the shelf and read but please the books when you have finished with them A put off B put down C put back D put on 10 Weak as the small country is it dares to say to the huge country A hello B yes C no D sorry 11 He loves the old songs which everyone of his age A are similar with B are familiar with C are familiar to D are similar to 12 I m leaving for Shanghai tomorrow A See you later B Have a pleasant trip C Let s go out for a drink D Bring me a present when you are back 13 He looked around and caught a man his hand into the pocket of a passenger A put B to be putting C to put D putting 14 I don t think Peter is too young to take care of the pet dog A correctly B properly C exactly D actively 15 Please say hello to Jack me when you meet him A for B from C instead D instead of 第二节 完形填空 Dear Dad I was very upset when I received your letter I knew you 16 not like my results but I didn t realize you and Mum were so 17 with me This has made me 18 very carefully about myself and now I 19 how silly I have been My poor 20 have come from my own 21 Of course I want to do my best I want you and Mum to be proud 22 me but somehow when I get to school I just can t keep my 23 on the subject and I stop 24 the teacher So many other things seem so much more 25 but I know that I must not 26 the chance you and Mum have given me If I don t work very hard 27 the next few months I am going to get 28 results So I am going to study hard this summer And I will show Mum anything 29 I can t understand so that she can give me help I 30 you will allow me to play some basketball I think I need some exercise 31 I will control the time I 32 on it properly If you want me to stop meeting Cindy I will but there is 33 serious We are just good friends and she often helps me 34 my schoolwork Dad I am really sorry I have made you angry I m going to try my best to 35 my study I promise that I will make you proud of me soon 用心 爱心 专心 Yours Jimmy 16 A will B would C need D should 17 A angry B upset C strict D happy 18 A talk B speak C think D hear 19 A receive B believe C insist D realize 20 A results B memories C parents D friends 21 A stubbornness B carelessness C laziness D illness 22 A of B with C in D for 23 A head B mind C eyes D heart 24 A listening to B to listen to C hearing D to hear 25 A boring B dull C beautiful D interesting 26 A find B share C waste D afford 27 A during B at C through D until 28 A better B best C poorer D poorest 29 A which B that C whom D