2011年高考英语真题解析分项版汇编 专题06记叙文完形填空

用心 爱心 专心 1 20112011 年高考英语试题考点分项解析完形填空之记叙文类年高考英语试题考点分项解析完形填空之记叙文类 考点题型考点题型 高考作为选拔性考试 必须具有较高的信度 效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度 完 形填空正好满足了这一要求 它集中了短文的任意设空和单项填空两种题型的优点 综合考 查考生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力 包括词汇辨析能力 阅读理解能力 分析判断能力 逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力 因而是高考试题中要求最高 难度最大的一种题型 高考完形填空试题一般具有以下特点 1 文章短小 结构严谨 逻辑性强 每篇文章都有一个主题且首句不设空 2 以考查对文章的理解和词汇意义为主 常识 语法和惯用搭配为辅 3 将语言点 语法点放在语篇中进行考查 4 四个选项一般都是相同或对等的词类 5 所选文章一般都是具有一定故事情节的记叙文 近几年夹叙夹议的文章逐渐增多 其难度与高中教材大致相同 6 文章长度一般在 250 350 词左右 名师解题指南名师解题指南 分析近几年全国及各省市的高考试题 我们不难看出高考完形填空的体裁以记叙文为主 且呈以下发展趋势 1 首句完整 线索清晰 一般来说 完形填空首句中会包含人物身份和事件发生的时间 地点等重要信息 并且 不设空 2 叙述灵活 侧重语境 文章以叙述为主 人物间对话较少 绝大部分篇章都是作者在描述事件 较少加入自己 的观点或评论 另外 记叙型完形填空中常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换或语气上的差异 这就增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性 从而突出了对语境的考查 实现了在理解上下文的基础 上 通过语境来辨析词语并做出选择这一考查目的 3 考查以实词为主 虚词为辅 记叙型完形填空篇幅不长 行文始终紧扣中心话题 形成一个主题连续体 考查重点集 中在动词 名词 形容词和副词等实词上 二 应试技巧 用心 爱心 专心 2 1 重视首句 开篇明义 从历年高考试题可以看出 完形填空首句一般不设空 而且它往往是整篇文章的主旨句 这就为考生理解文章的内在联系提供了一个窗口 所以考生应充分重视首句的提示作用 利 用它为解题找到一个突破口 并据此进行拓展思维 2 通读全文 把握大意 在看选项之前要先把文章通读一遍 遇到不甚明白的地方先跳过去 接着往下读 全力 以赴捕捉重要信息 通读时 要重点把握文章中所叙述的人物 时间 地点和事件 同时对 空格中要填入的词作试探性的猜测 为下一步选择答案做好准备 3 利用语境 揣摩作者的心态 高考完形填空题逐渐朝着深层化和语境化的方向发展 因此考生要借助上下文乃至全文 语境揣摩作者的心态 4 理清线索 把握方向 记叙文一般按事件发展的顺序叙述 有时也用倒叙 答题时 通过理清人物间的关系 把握人物各自所做的事情 从而找准作者的记叙方向 正确理解文章 11 11 真题全解全析真题全解全析 1 2011 辽宁卷 完形填空 阅读下面短文 从短文后各愿所给的四个选项 A B C D 中 选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 This year I decided to do something to regain my good name as a kindly uncle My 36 Tony had never forgiven me for the dictionary I had bought him as a birthday present last year His 37 had no reason to be thankful to me either because the year before I had 38 their dear son with a pot of paste 浆糊 and some funny pictures Instead of 39 them into a book Tony had naturally covered every wall in the house with them This year 40 I decided to let him 41 for himself We went into a big shop but Tony was very particular about 42 Although I tried to show him toy after toy he was not to be 43 Then I saw he suddenly became 44 he had discovered something he really liked a large tin dram I was quite happy too 45 I thought what Tony s mother would say when she saw it Nobody would get any 46 for weeks I led Tony away 47 用心 爱心 专心 3 saying that the dram was too expensive Tony asked for permission to go off 48 and I made the most of my chance to sit down end 49 my aching feet Fifteen minutes passed but there was still no sign of Tony I began to get 50 and got up to look for him I asked a young lady if she had seen a little boy in a grey suit She looked 51 her helplessly and pointed out that there were so many 52 in grey suits I was just going to call the police for help when I saw a strange 53 dressed in strange orange clothes He was wearing a false beard and had a caveman s axe 斧子 in one hand and a space gun in the other It was of course Tony who informed me 54 that he was the first 55 to fly into space 36 A cousin B daughter C grandson D nephew 37 A friends B parents C classmates D brothers 38 A presented B annoyed C confused D occupied 39 A entering B dividing C sticking D drawing 40 A anyhow B though C again D therefore 41 A guess B choose C pay D see 42 A sweets B toys C clothes D books 43 A pleased B disturbed C accepted D disappointed 44 A surprised B hopeful C patient D excited 45 A after B until C unless D since 46 A shock B trouble C peace D time 47 A happily B eagerly C cautiously D quickly 48 A on his own B in his way C now and then D more or less 49 A drag B rest C lay D step 50 A ashamed B angry C worried D doubtful 51 A about B to C at D across 52 A young ladies B new customers C loving parents D small boy 用心 爱心 专心 4 53 A figure B actor C man D doll 54 A on time B at once C just now D once again 55 A policeman B spaceman C caveman D postman 42 B 根据后面的 show him toy after toy 可知 此处表示 Tony 对玩具很挑剔 故选 toys 43 A 我拿给他一个又一个玩具 他都不 满意 44 D 我看到他突然变得很 兴奋 他发现了自己真正喜欢的 一个很大的锡鼓 45 B 我也很高兴 直到 我想到 Tony 的母亲见到鼓时 会有怎样的反应 46 C 可能数星期大家都不得 安宁 47 D 我 很快 带着 Tony 走开 告诉他鼓太贵了 48 A 根据下文我没有等到 Tony 可知 此处表示 Tony 请求独自一人离开 去到处看看 故应选 on his own 49 B 趁此机会 我坐下来让疼痛的脚 休息 一下 50 C 15 分钟过去了 但是仍然没有 Tony 的踪影 我开始 着急 了 站起来去找他 51 A 她无助地 四处寻找 然后指出有如此多的身穿灰色套装的小男孩 look about 四 处寻找 符合语境 52 D 根据语境可知此处表示 有如此多的身穿灰色套装的小男孩 故用 small boys 53 A 我正准备离开的时候 突然见到一个奇怪的 人物 身穿奇怪的橘黄色衣服 用心 爱心 专心 5 54 B at once 立即 马上 符合语境 55 C 根据前文的关键信息 had a caveman s axe 斧子 可知答案 2 2011 重庆卷 完形填空 My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing Dad was quite skilled in sailing but not good at 36 As for me I 37 both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario The last time Dad and I set sail together is really 38 It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university I came home and 39 Dad to go sailing Out we set soon on the 40 lake Dad hadn t sailed for years but everything 41 well with the tiller 舵柄 in his hands When we were in the middle of the lake a 42 wind came all of a sudden The boat was hit 43 Dad was always at his best in any 44 but at this moment he 45 来 John 46 he shouted in a trembling voice with the tiller still in his hands In my memory he could fix any 47 He was the one I always 48 for strength and security Before I could respond a 49 of water got into the boat I rushed to the tiller 50 it was too late Anther huge wall of water 51 the boat in a minute We were thrown into the water and Dad was struggling aimlessly At that moment I felt fiercely 52 of him I swam to Dad 53 and assisted him in climbing onto the hull 船壳 of the boat Upon sitting on the hull Dad was a little awkward about his flash of 54 It s all right Dad We are safe now I comforted him That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency More importantly I found it was my turn to start 55 for my father 36 A boating B running C swimming D teaching 37 A enjoyed B desired C hated D learned 38 A unforgivable B unforgettable C cheerful D regretful 39 A sent B ordered C invited D allowed 用心 爱心 专心 6 40 A calm B icy C stormy D thundery 41 A finished B went C seemed D sounded 42 A strong B gentle C cold D hot 43 A respeatedly B lightly C hardly D violently 44 A danger B place C sport D job 45 A suffered B fell C froze D withdrew 46 A look B Help C Run D Jump 47 A problem B relationship C machine D boat 48 A turned to B lived with C argued with D objected to 49 A fountain B stream C shower D wave 50 A if B for C after D but 51 A got through B poured into C turned over D lifted up 52 A ashamed B protective C tired D afraid 53 A hopelessly B quickly C slowly D helplessly 54 A pain B anger C fear D shame 55 A making up B getting ready C paying off D looking out 用心 爱心 专心 7 45 C 但是此时此刻 作者的爸爸 吓呆 了 不知如何是好 此处 freeze 表示 惊呆 吓 呆 46 B 根据本句中的 he shouted in a trembling voice 可知作者的爸爸很害怕 大喊 救命 47 A 在作者的记忆中 爸爸可以解决任何 问题 fix 表示 解决 问题 48 A 因为作者相信爸爸能够解决任何问题 所以总是向他寻求力量和庇护 tum to 表示 求教于 求助于 后三项分别表示 与 生活在一起 忍受 与 争论 反对 都不符合语境 49 D 作者还没有来得及回答 一个水 浪 就打到了小船上 前三项分别表示 喷泉 溪 流 淋浴 阵雨 均与语境不符 50 D 根据下文中的 We were thrown into the water 可知尽管作者冲向舵柄 但是 已经太迟了 51 C 下一句提到作者和爸爸被抛进了水中 由此可知巨大的水墙 打翻 了小船 A 项 耗 尽 顺利通过 考试等 B 项 不断涌向 D 项 举起 均不符合语境 52 B 上一句提到作者的爸爸在水中漫无目的地挣扎 下文讲到作者如何帮父亲摆脱险境 由 此可知作者在那一刻强烈地感觉到要 保护 他 53 B 作者 快速地 游到爸爸身边 帮他爬上了船壳 54 C 第四段提到作者的爸爸用颤抖的声音向作者求救 由此可知此时他为自己当时表现出来 的 恐惧 感到尴尬 55 D 更重要的是 作者发现轮到自己去 照看 父亲了 look out for sb 表示 关照 3 2011 江西卷 完形填空 What a busy day The three boys were fed bathed and changed in to their nightclothes Mary had 36 them a story and finally they were asleep Babysitting 照看 the three boys aged eight six and four is extremely 37 she thought Sleep she considered if only I could But she had difficult homework to complete Leaning back she 38 her feet onto the sofa to get comfortable Whoever said babysitting was a an 39 way to make money obviously hadn t met the three boys she thought The television was on the room was warm and the lights were dim Mary s 40 felt heavier and 用心 爱心 专心 8 heavier I mustn t sleep she thought which was 41 what she did of course Strangely enough she soon 42 that she was a world famous chef 主厨 She made a 43 and wore diamonds and designer clothes Most days she relaxed by the pool meeting the rich and famous or 44 her favorite hobby She 45 took the leading role in her own TV show That is until she became too 46 I am definitely the best in the world she thought as she prepared a tasty chicken dish But 47 seemed to go right She spilt the flour she dropped an egg and she cut her finger Despite all the troubles she 48 to get the chicken into the dove Soon smoke blanketed the room The chicken was on fire 49 set in but Mary could not run she was 50 to the spot She tried hard to move but could not 51 a sharp sound awoke her She got shocked and confused 52 was pouring from the kitchen Rushing to investigate she was met by three 53 little faces and some very burnt bread Sorry we were hungry and you were 54 so we tried to make some bread explained a boy Relieved Mary made them a snack and sent them back to bed She 37 them never to fall asleep on the job again 36 A givenB writtenC toldD taught 37 A successfulB helpfulC tiringD surprising 38 A shookB putC bentD kept 39 A difficultB boringC importantD easy 40 A eyesB mindC heartD legs 41 A nicelyB exactlyC curiouslyD carelessly 42 A realizedB remindedC learntD dreamt 43 A decisionB fortuneC businessD plan 44 A cookingB readingC runningD babysitting 45 A justB everC evenD only 46 A selfishB proudC stubbornD sensitive 47 AeverythingB somethingC anythingD nothing 用心 爱心 专心 9 48 A triedB arrangedC managedD prepared 49 A PanicB PainC NoiseD Stress 50 A frozenB draggedC pushedD brought 51 A becauseB untilC asD unless 52 A smokeB lightC waterD fire 53 A cheerfulB strangeC guiltyD confident 54 A busyB hungryC worriedD asleep 55 A promisedB allowedC expectedD persuaded 41 答案 B 解析 A 很好地 B 正是 就是 C 好奇地 D 大意地 我不能睡着 她想 她当然 也的确是这样做的 42 答案 D 解析 根据下一段得知 Mary 做了一个梦 下文正是对这个梦的内容展开叙述 43 答案 B 解析 make a fortune make much money 赚了大钱 很富 44 答案 B 用心 爱心 专心 10 解析 根据本句句意 大多数的日子里她都在游泳池边休闲 和有钱人聚会或者是做着 她最喜爱的事 读书 这些都是比较悠闲的活动 很多同学误选 A cooking 但文章中并没 有体现主人公很喜爱做饭 而是强调她变有钱人后所过的生活多么丰富多彩 45 答案 C 解析 对前文的递进增补 甚至还做了自己电视节目的主演 46 答案 B 解析 根据下一句 I m definitely the best in the world 我一定是世界上最棒的 体现 Mary 骄傲的心情 47 答案 D 解析 Nothing seemed to go right 什么都不对劲 48 答案 C 解析 A 努力去做 尽力去做 B 计划去做 C 设法做成某事 D 准备去做 49 答案 A 解析 根据文意 Mary 此时非常焦急 焦虑 50 答案 A 解析 A 冻住 B 拖 拉 拽 C 推 D 带来 Be frozen to the spot 站在一个地方动 不了 51 答案 B 解析 A 因为 B 直到 C 因为 正如 D 除非 根据句意 她努力想移动但是没有做到 直到一道尖锐的声音惊醒了她 52 答案 A 解析 根据后文 very burnt bread 可知厨房因为烤焦面包在冒烟 53 答案 C 解析 A 振奋 B 奇怪 C 内疚 D 自信 根据后文 孩子说抱歉 说明他们在厨房烤焦 面包感到内疚 不好意思 54 答案 D 解析 根据前文 得知 Mary 当时正在熟睡 55 答案 A 解析 A 承诺 B 允许 C 期待 D 劝说 Promised sb never to do sth 向某人承诺 不在做某事了 用心 爱心 专心 11 4 2011 陕西卷 In a land far away once upon a time there was great poverty 贫困 and only the rich could manage without great 26 Three of those rich men and their servants were 27 together on a road when they came to a very 28 village The first could not stand seeing the poverty 29 he took all the gold and jewels from his wagons 四轮载重马车 and shared 30 out among the villagers He wished them all the best of luck and he left The second rich man seeing the 31 situation stopped for a short time and gave 32 all his food and drink since he 33 see that money would be of little 34 to them He made sure that they each 35 their fair share and would have enough food to 36 for some time Then he left The third rich man on seeing such poverty 37 and went straight through the 38 without stopping The two other rich men saw this from a distance and commented with each other 39 the third rich man lacked sympathy It was 40 that they themselves had been there to offer help However three days later they 41 the third rich man who was coming in the opposite direction He was 42 travelling quickly but his wagons 43 the gold and valuables they had been 44 were now full of farming tools and bags of 45 He was rushing back to help them out of poverty 26 A loss B expectations C success D problems 27 A standing B travelling C gathering D running 28 A faraway B poor C different D ancient 29 A unless B because C so D if 30 A them B anything C nothing D those 31 A curious B worrying C dangerous D puzzling 32 A the villagers B his servants C the others D the rest 33 A could B might C should D must 34 A interest B concern C use D attraction 35 A returned B gained C offered D received 36 A remain B last C supply D share 用心 爱心 专心 12 37 A turned back B set out C showed off D speeded up 38 A village B land C field D road 39 A whether B how C where D when 40 A good B certain C true D strange 41 A welcomed B met C accepted D persuaded 42 A still B already C always D indeed 43 A except B instead of C apart from D along with 44 A loading B treasuring C carrying D earning 45 A food B jewels C money D seeds 29 C 前面说第一位富人不能忍受看到这种贫困 该空后面说他取出所有的金银财宝分给村民 由此不难看出前后是因果关系 故用 so 30 A 此处用 them 代替前文的 all the gold and jewels 31 B 该空后面的 situation 指的是 29 空前的 the poverty 贫困应该是 令人忧虑的 而 不是 好奇的 危险的 或 令人迷惑不解的 32 A 第二位富人不忍心看到这种情形 停了一会儿之后他把所有食物和饮料都给了村民 the villagers 33 A could 表示能力 意为 能够 符合语境 might 表可能性 意为 或许 可能 用 于表示把握性不大的推测 should 应该 must 必须 均不合逻辑 34 C 他知道钱对于他们来说几乎没有用 be of little use to 对于 几乎没有用 35 D receive 与前文的 give 相对应 即他确保他们每个人都公平地 收到 他们应得的那 份 用心 爱心 专心 13 36 B 会有足够的食物维持一段时间 37 D 第三位富人一看到这种贫困的情形 加快了步伐径直穿过而没有停下来 该空后面的 went through 和 without stopping 是提示 38 A 第三位富人径直穿过村庄没有停下来 39 B 前两位富人评论第三位富人缺乏同情心 how 引导宾语从句 意为 如何 多 么 40 A 该空后面的 they themselves 指的是前文的 the two other rich men 根据前文可知 另外两位富人认为第三位富人缺乏同情心 而他们提供帮助当然是 好的 41 B 根据该空后面的宾语 the third rich man 和上下文可知 此处应该填 met 即三天之 后他们遇到了第三位富人 42 A 37 空有提示 再次见到第三位富人时 他 仍然 走得很快 quickly 与 speed up 是 相对应的 43 B 根据后文的 now full of farming tools and 可知 原来装的 the gold andvaluables 金子和有价值的东西 没有了 取而代之的是农具和种子 所以应选 instead of 代替 取代 44 C 金子和有价值的东西是他原来一直携带 carry 着的 其他选项很显然不合题意 45 Dand 这个并列连词前面是 farming tools 所以此空应该是与农耕有关的词语 据此可 知 答案应选 D seeds 种子 5 2011 安徽卷 When I began planning to move to Auckland to study my mother was worried about a lack of jobs and cultural differences Ignoring these 36 I got there in July 2010 37 I arrived I realized the importance of getting a job 38 my living experience Determined to do this 39 I spent several weeks going door to door for a job but found 40 response 回应 One afternoon I walked into a building to ask 41 there were any job opportunities 机会 The people there advised me not to continue my job search in that 42 As I was about to 43 a man who had been listening approached me and asked me to wait outside 44 Nearly ten minutes later he 45 He asked me about my plans and encouraged me to stay 46 Then he offered to take me to Royal Oak to 47 a job 用心 爱心 专心 14 I was a little surprised but had a 48 feeling about him Along the way I realized that I had 49 resumes 简历 Seeing this the man 50 at his business partner s office to make me fifteen 51 copies He also gave me some 52 on dressing and speaking I handed out my resume and went home feeling very 53 The following day I received a 54 from a store in Royal Oak offering me a job It seems that the world always 55 to you when you need it And this time it was a complete stranger who turned out to be a real blessing 36 A doubts B concerns C instructions D reasons 37 A Even if B Every time C Now that D Soon after 38 A of B at C for D with 39 A on my own B on my way C by any chance D by the day 40 A any B much C some D little 41 A why B wherever C whether D whenever 42 A direction B attitude C language D manner 43 A answer B work C leave D refuse 44 A for ever B at any time C as usual D for a while 45 A returned B hesitated C passed D regretted 46 A silent B busy C positive D comfortable 47 A pick out B search for C take on D give up 48 A dull B good C guilty D general 49 A made use of B taken care of C run out of D become tired of 50 A stopped B knoeked C glanced D appeared 51 A right B more C former D different 52 A pressures B agreements C impression D suggestions 53 A lonely B funny C disappointed D satisfied 54 A call B tip C present D report 55 A turns off B goes over C gives back D looks up 解题导语 在陌生的城市生存谈何容易 作者千辛万苦上门求职 却屡屡碰壁 迷茫之时 一名陌生的男子伸出了援助之手 帮助作者找到了工作 36 B 此处与上一句中的 worried 相呼应 表示作者没有理睬这堂 担忧 在 2010 年 7 月份 用心 爱心 专心 15 到达了 Auckland 37 D 上一句提到作者已经到达了 Auckland 所以此处是到达后不久 作者意识到了找一份 工作的重要性 38 C 作者意识到需要找一份工作来支付生活开销 此处表示的显然是目的 所以用 for 39 A 此处提到作者花费了几个星期的时间上门找工作 由此可知作者决定 靠自己 找一份 工作 40 D 根据本句中的转折连词 but 可知 虽然作者无比努力 但是几乎没有收到什么回应 41 C 上一段中提到作者是在找工作 所以作者走进这栋楼的目的是询问 是否 有工作机会 42 D 上一段最后一句提到作者几个星期以来一直在上门找工作 由此可知这栋楼里的人建议 作者不要再用那种 方式 继续找工作了 43 C 作者这次寻找工作仍然是毫无结果 于是准备 离开 44 D 根据下文中的 Nearly ten minutes later 可知 正当作者准备离开时 一名男子让 作者在外面稍等 一会儿 45 A 上一句提到一名男子让作者在外面稍等一下 所以此处是 返回 46 C 作者长期以来一直在努力地找工作 可是屡屡碰壁 由此可知男子鼓励作者要保持 积 极乐观的 态度 不可灰心丧气 47 B 然后他主动提出带作者去 Royal Oak 寻找 工作 C 项表示 呈现 雇用 不符合语 境 48 B 男子如此热心地帮助自己 作者感到奇怪 但是对他心存 好 感 49 C 下一句提到男子给作者制作简历 由此可知作者在途中发现简历已经 用完 了 50 A 男子见作者已经用完了简历 就 停 在了他生意伙伴的办公室里 帮助作者制作简历 51 B 由上下文可知 此处表示男子帮助作者 又 制作了 15 份简历 52 D 男子是在帮助作者求职 因此就衣着和说话方式方面给作者提出了一些 建议 53 D 有了男子的帮助 作者投递了简历 回到家后感觉非常 满意 54 A 上一句提到作者投出了简历 由此可知第二天作者接到了一家商店打来的 电话 它 给了作者一份工作 55 C 上文提到作者最终求职成功 所以作者感悟到当你需要它的时候 世界总会 给 你 用心 爱心 专心 16 6 2011 江苏卷 完形填空 A boy was walking home from school when he saw a large tempting 诱人的 apple on one of the branches of an apple tree hanging out over a tall fence The boy wasn t much of a fruit eater 36 a bar of chocolate if given the choice 37 as they say the forbidden fruit can be tempting Seeing the apple the boy wanted it The more he looked at it the 38 he felt and the more he wanted that apple 39 as high as he could but even as his tallest 40 he was unable to touch It He began to 41 up and down as high as he could at the 42 of each jump stretching his arms to get the apple Still it remained out of 43 Not giving up he though if only he had something to 44 on His school bag wouldn t give enough height and he didn t want to 45 the things inside like his lunch box pencil case and Gameboy Looking 46 he hoped he might find an old box a rock or 47 luck even a ladder but it was a tidy neighborhood and there was nothing he could use He had tired everything he could think to do 48 seeing any other choices he gave up and started to walk 49 At first he felt angry and disappointed thinking about how hungry he had become from his 50 and how he really wanted that apple The more he 51 like thi