2015年英语高考全国各地完形填空试题及解析

2015 年普通高等学校年普通高等学校 招生全国统一考试 安徽卷 招生全国统一考试 安徽卷 In our modern world when something wears out we throw it away and buy a new one The 36 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37 because peopleare throwing out more rubbish than ever before How did we 38 a throwaway society First of all it is now easier to 39 an object than to spend time and money to repair it 40 modern manufacturing 制造业 and technology companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively Products are plentiful and 41 Another cause is our42 of disposable 一次性的 products As 43 people we are always looking for 44 to save time and make our lives easier Companies 45 thousands of different kinds of disposable products paper plates plastic cups and cameras to name a few Our appetite for new products also 46 to the problem We are 47 buying new things Advertisements persuade us that 48 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products The result is that we 49 useful possessions to make room for new ones All around the world we can see the 50 of this throwaway lifestyle Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger To 51 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52 more governments are requiring people to recycle materials 53 this is not enough to solve 解决 our problem Maybe there is another way out We need to repair our possessions 54 throwing them away We also need to rethink our attitudes about 55 Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment 36 A keyB reasonC project D problem 37 A giftsB rubbishC debtD products 38 A faceB becomeC observeD change 39 A hideB controlC replaceD withdraw 40 A Thanks toB As toC Except for D Regardless of 41 A safeB funnyC cheap D powerful 42 A loveB lackC prevention D division 43 A sensitiveB kindC braveD busy 44 A waysB placesC jobsD friends 45 A donate B receive C produceD preserve 46 A adapts B returns C respondsD contributes 47 A tired of B addicted toC worried aboutD ashamed for 48 A newer B stronger C higherD larger 49 A pick up B pay forC hold ontoD throw away 50 A advantages B purposes C functionsD consequences 51 A show B recordC decreaseD measure 52 A technology B environment C consumersD brands 53 A However B OtherwiseC ThereforeD Meanwhile 54 A by B in favour ofC afterD instead of 55 A spending B collectingC repairingD advertising 答案 36 D 37 B 38 B 39 C 40 A 41 C 42 A 43 D 44 A 45 C 46 D 47 B 48 A 49 D 50 D 51 C 52 B 53 A 54 D 55 C 解析 试题分析 文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响 随着社会的发展 人们倾 向于扔掉用旧了的东西 以新物品取而代之 而且 包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便 的同时 也给环境带来很大的压力 36 D 考查名词辨析 A 答案 B 原因 C 项目 D 问题 根据第二行 the world 可知 出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山 故选 D 37 B 考查名词辨析 A 礼物 B 垃圾 C 债务 D 产品 句意 因为人们现在扔掉很多垃 圾 因此 垃圾堆积成了山 故选 B 38 B 考查动词辨析 句意 A 面对 B 变得 C 观察 庆祝 D 改变 根据 first of all 可知 这里讲的是乱扔垃圾的原因 故选 B 39 C 考查动词辨析 A 躲藏 B 控制 C 代替 D 撤退 收回 句意 与花时间和钱修理 相比 现在更容易更换物品 故选 C 40 A 考查短语辨析 A 多亏 B 至于 C 除了 D 不管 句意 多亏了当代制造业和技术 公司能够更快地生产产品 成本也降低很多 故选 A 51 C 考查动词辨析 A 显示 展示 B 记录 C 减少 D 测量 句意 越来越多的政府要 求人们循环使用物品 这样做是为了减少垃圾 故选 C 52 B 名词辨析 A 技术 B 环境 C 消费者 D 品牌 要求人们循环利用也是为了保护环 境 故选 B 53 A 考查副词辨析 A 然而 B 要不然 C 因此 D 同时 句意 然而 只是要求人们循 环利用是远远不够的 故选 A 54 D 考查介词辨析 A 通过 B 支持 C 在 之后 D 代替 而不是 句意 我们需要 修理我们的财物 而不是扔掉它们 故选 D 55 C 考查动词辨析 A 花费 度过 B 收集 C 修理 D 宣传 句意 我们也需要重新考 虑对修理的态度 根据下句 repairing 可知答案 故选 C 考点 社会类短文阅读 2015 年普通高等学校年普通高等学校 招生全国统一考试 福建卷 招生全国统一考试 福建卷 One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault finder However life can be 36 when you are not busy finding fault with it Several years ago I 37 a letter from seventeen year old Kerry who described herself as a world class fault finder almost always 38 by things People were always doing things that annoyed her and 39 was ever good enough She was highly self critical and also found fault with her friends She became a really 40 person Unfortunately it took a horrible accident to change her 41 Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash What made it almost 42 to deal with was that the day before the 43 Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 44 of boyfriends the way she was living the way she related to her mother and various other things she felt she needed to 45 It wasn t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 46 her habit of finding fault Very quickly she learned to appreciate life rather than to 47 everything so harshly 刻薄 She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48 as well Perhaps most of us aren t as extreme at fault finding 49 when we re honest we can be sharply 50 of the world I m not suggesting you 51 problems or that you pretend things are 52 than they are but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are 53 most of the time and especially when it s not a really big 54 Train yourself to bite your tongue and with a little 55 you ll get really good at letting things go And when you do you ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life 36 A lonelyB greatC quietD uneasy 37 A received B answered C expected D rejected 38 A threatenedB interruptedC bothered I spoiled 39 A anything B everythingC somethingD nothing 40 A caringB boringC interestingD surprising 41 A attitudeB plan C measure D explanation 42 A urgentB unnecessaryC certainD impossible 43 A occasion B eventC accident D adventure 44 A memory B noticeC evidence D choice 45 A hear B contributeC expressD admit 46 A aware of B afraid of C curious about D confused about 47 A discussB realizeC judgeD settle 48 A familyB life C careerD education 49 A soB orC but D for 50 A proudB sure C hopefulD critical 51 A face B createC solveD ignore 52 A rarerB betterC stranger D worse 53 A at leastB at lastC by farD so far 54 A task B deal C resultD duty 55 A practiceB speechC rest Dpity 答案 36 B 37 A 38 C 39 D 40 B 41 A 42 D 43 C 44 D 45 C 46 A 47 C 48 B 49 C 50 D 51 D 52 B 53 A 54 B 55 A 37 A 考查动词辨析 A received 接受 B answered 回答 C expected 期望 D rejected 排斥 几年以前 我收到一个来自 17 岁女孩 kerry 的信 故选 A 38 C 考查动词辨析 A threatened 威胁 B interrupted 打扰 C bothered 麻烦 D spoiled 娇 惯 这个叫做 Kerry 的女孩说自己是一个世界级的找错者 她总是被各种事情困扰着 故 选 C 39 D 考查不定代词辨析 A anything 任何事 B everything 每一件事 C something 某事 D nothing 没有事 人们总是做着那些惹她恼怒的事情 没有一件事是好的 故选 D 40 B 考查形容词辨析 A caring 关心的 B boring 糟糕的 C interesting 有趣的 D surprising 令人惊奇的 她具有高度的自我批评精神 她也会对自己的朋友挑毛病 她 成为了一个非常糟糕的人 故选 B 41 A 考查名词辨析 A attitude 态度 B plan 计划 C measure 措施 D explanation 解释 不幸的 一场恐怖的事故发生改变了她的态度 故选 A 42 D 考查形容词辨析 A urgent 经济的 B unnecessary 不必要的 C certain 确定的 D impossible 不可能的 她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重 让事情处理起来变得不 可能的事情是 发生事故的前一天 Kerry 拜访了她的朋友 故选 D 43 C 考查名词辨析 A occasion 场合 B event 事项 C accident 事故 D adventure 冒险 她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重 让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是 发生事故 的前一天 Kerry 拜访了她的朋友 在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光 故选 C 44 D 考查名词辨析 A memory 记忆 B notice 注意 C evidence 证据 D choice 选择 发 生事故的前一天 Kerry 拜访了她的朋友 在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光 她 生活的方式 她与母亲联络时候的方式 还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的 故选 D 45 C 考查动词辨析 A hear 听 B contribute 贡献 C express 表达 D admit 承认 许可 发生事故的前一天 Kerry 拜访了她的朋友 在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光 她生活的方式 她与母亲联络时候的方式 还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的 故选 C 46 A 考查短语辨析 A aware of 注意 B afraid of 担心 C curious about 对 好奇 D confused about 对 迷惑 直到他的朋友受了重伤 Kerry 才注意到她挑毛病的习惯 故 选 A 50 D 考查形容词辨析 A proud 骄傲的 B sure 确定的 C hopeful 有希望的 D critical 批 判的 可能我们中的大多数都不会极端的的寻找错误 但是当我们诚实的面对的时候 我 们可以尖锐的批判这个世界 故选 D 51 D 考查动词辨析 A face 面对 B create 创造 C solve 解决 D ignore 忽略 我并不是 在建议你无视问题 故选 D 52 B 考查形容词比较级辨析 A rarer 更稀罕的 B better 更好的 C stranger 更奇怪的 D worse 更坏的 我也不是在建议你假装事物比它们自身更好 故选 B 53 A 考查短语辨析 A at least 至少 B at last 最后 C by far 到现在为止 D so far 迄今为 止 至少在大多数时间里 你学着容忍事物的原态 故选 A 54 B 考查名词辨析 A task 任务 B deal 处理 交易 C result 计划 D duty 责任 尤其是 当这不是一个特别大的事情 故选 B 55 A 考查名词辨析 A practice 实践 B speech 演讲 C rest 休息 D pity 遗憾 训练你自 己忍着不说那些刻薄的话 小小的实践一下 你会变得很擅长放手 故选 A 考点 记叙文阅读 2015 年普通高等学校年普通高等学校 招生全国统一考试 广东卷 招生全国统一考试 广东卷 How long can human beings live Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is 1 to live no longer than 120 years However 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live if he or she is 2 healthy and lucky Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years Yet our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce 3 They wear out and as a result we get old and 4 die Even though we can t live forever we are living a 5 life than ever before In 1900 the average American life span 寿命 was only 47 years but today it is 75 years When does old age begin then Sixty five may be out of date as the 6 line between middle age and old age After all many older people don t begin to experience physical and mental 7 until after age 75 People are living longer because more people 8 childhood Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature many children died of common childhood 9 Now that the chances of dying 10 are much lower the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care On the whole our population is getting older The 11 in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life Some people fear such changes will be for the worse while some see 12 not disaster many men and women in their golden years are healthy still active and young in 13 if not in age As the society grows old we need the 14 of our older citizens With long lives ahead of them they need to 15 active and devoted 1 A designed B selected C improved D discovered 2 A completely B generally C apparently D extremely 3 A rapidly B harmlessly C endlessly D separately 4 A eventually B hopelessly C automatically D desperately 5 A busier B longer C richer D happier 6 A finishing B guiding C waiting D dividing 7 A stress B damage C decline D failure 8 A survive B enjoy C remember D value 9 A problems B fears C worries D diseases 10 A poor B young C sick D quiet 11 A changes B recovery C safety D increases 12 A dreams B chances C strengths D choices 13 A mind B appearance C voice D movement 14 A protection B suggestions C contributions D permission 15 A sound B appear C turn D stay 答案 1 A 2 D 3 C 4 A 5 B 6 D7 C 8 A 9 D 10 B 11 A 12 B 13 A 14 C 15 D 6 D 考查形容词及语境的理解 句意 作为中年和老年的分界线 65 岁可能已经过时了 finishing 完成 guiding 指导 指引 waiting 等待 dividing 划分 根据文意可知 把 65 岁当做中年和老年的分界线 这已经不适合现在的形势了 dividing line 分界线 故选 D 7 C 考查名词及语境的理解 句意 毕竟 很多老年人直到 75 岁之后才开始经历身体和精 神的衰落 stress 压力 压迫 damage 损坏 decline 衰落 衰弱 failure 失败 根据句 意可知 现在很多老年人是在 75 岁之后身体和精神才开始衰弱的 故选 C 8 A 考查动词及语境的理解 句意 现在人们活得更长因为更多的人从童年中幸存下来 survive 幸存 enjoy 喜欢 欣赏 remember 记得 value 价值 估价 根据这一段的内容 和 the chances of living long are much higher due to a better diets and health care 可知 现在 的人平均寿命比以前更长的一个原因是人们从童年的疾病中幸存了下来 故选 A 9 D 考查名词及语境的理解 句意 在现代医学改变了自然的法则之前 很多孩子死于常 见的儿童疾病 problems 问题 fears 恐惧 害怕 worries 担心 diseases 疾病 根据句 意可知 以前的人们因为很多普遍的儿童疾病而死 所以导致平均寿命比较低 故选 D 10 B 考查形容词及语境的理解 句意 既然年少夭折的可能性更低了 那么活得更长的机 会就更高了 因为有了更好的饮食和医学护理 poor 穷的 young 年轻的 sick 病的 quiet 安静的 根据这一段的意思可知 以前人们在小的时候就因为生病死去了 dying young 就是年少死去 故选 B 11 A 考查名词及语境的理解 句意 人口结构的改变会对我们社会的发展和我们的生活方 式有持续的影响 changes 改变 recovery 恢复 safety 安全 increases 增长 增加 根 据下文中 Some people fear such changes will 可知 我们现在的人口结构改变了 故选 A 12 B 考查名词及语境的理解 句意 一些人担心这个改变将会带来一些坏处 然而还有一 些人看到的是机会 而不是灾难 dreams 梦想 chances 机会 strengths 力量 choices 选择 根据句意可知 这句话中的 while 表示对比 即跟前一种人不一样的看法 故选 B 13 A 考查名词及语境的理解 句意 现在 很多处在 黄金年龄 的男士和女士 身体都非 常健康 仍然积极 心态也很年轻 mind 心态 appearance 外表 voice 声音 movement 移动 根据句意可知 这里应该是说虽然年龄老了 但是心态依然年轻 故选 A 14 C 考查名词及语境的理解 句意 随着我们的社会老龄化 我们需要这些老年公民们的 贡献 protection 保护 suggestions 建议 contributions 贡献 permission 允许 根据文 意可知 现在的社会逐渐老龄化 因此老年人也要继续给我们的社会做贡献 故选 C 15 D 考查动词及语境的理解 句意 前面还有很长的寿命 他们需要保持积极的心态和奉 献的精神 sound 听起来 appear 好像 出现 turn 转 变成 stay 保持 根据文意可知 现在人们的寿命更长了 因此老年人也要继续保持积极心态 为我们的社会做贡献 故应 选 D 考点定位 社会现象类短文 2015 年普通高等学校年普通高等学校 招生全国统一考试 湖南卷 招生全国统一考试 湖南卷 It was a rainy morning and the children mainly boys with various learning difficulties refused to settle for the start of the lesson As an inexperienced teacher I tried every means to get them to be 36 but in vain my panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly This was the 37 of my job as a music teacher I thought teaching was not for me Then I had an idea Hoping that no one would notice that I was 38 inside I threw my voice as far as it would reach Put your heads on the desks and close your 39 We are going on a journey 40 the children fell silent Now what should I do I thought to myself Reaching over to my collection of CDs I blindly 41 put it in the machine and played it Obediently 顺从地 my class lay their heads on their desk closed their eyes and 42 When the music started the room as filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors I could have ever imagined All the children were 43 When the music finished I asked them all to raise their 44 slowly so that we could share our musical journey At this point when all the children were willing to share their experiences I began to learn how to 45 The music allow me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect tears and smiles the knowing and the 46 and most of all an understanding of each other This was the power that 47 in the classroom could have 36 A gladB safeC kindD quiet 37 A endB aimC ruleD plan 38 A guessingB shakingC respondingD laughing 39 A eyesB mouthsC booksD doors 40 A PunctuallyB ImportantlyC AmazinglyD Obviously 41 A passed one onB gave one backC turned one inD took one out 42 A sleptB noddedC waitedD continued 43 A talkingB singingC dancingD listening 44 A legsB headsC armsD shoulders 45 A teachB imagineC playD understand 46 A unpreparedB unspokenC unknownD unforgotten 47 A gamesB musicC tearsD knowledge 答案 36 D 37 A 38 B 39 A 40 C 41 D 42 C 43 D 44 B 45 A 46 C 47 B 42 C 考查动词 根据后文的 When the music started the room was filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors 可知当作者将音乐放进机器里 学生们趴在自己的桌子上 静静地等着音乐响起来 故选 C 43 D 考查动词 老师在放音乐 当然学生们都在听 listening 放在此较其他选项都比较 合适 故选 D 44 B 考查名词 Raise sb s head s 抬起头来 句意 当音乐放完的时候 我要求他们所有 人慢慢地抬起头来 那样的话 我们就可以一起分享我们的音乐之旅 故选 B 45 A 考查动词 根据前文 At this point when all the children were willing to share their experiences 可知学生们从开始的不愿响应作者到最后跟着作者一起参与其中 这让作者开 始知道怎么教书了 故选 A 46 C 考查形容词 A unprepared 为准备好的 B unspoken 无言的 C unknown 未知的 D unforegotten 难忘的 根据前文有 the knowing 已知的 又有 and 连接 可知横向上填 unknown 未知的 构成像前文 tears and smiles 那样的对比 形成对仗 故选 C 47 B 考查名词 根据前文 The music allowed me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect tears and smiles the knowing and the unknown and most of all an understanding of each other 可知这些都是音乐的好处 它让我们知道了分享和尊重 泪水和欢笑 已知与 未知 最主要的是它让我们相互了解 所以最后一句作者旨在总结 这就是课堂音乐所拥 有的力量 考点定位 记事类短文阅读 2015 年普通高等学校年普通高等学校 招生全国统一考试 江苏卷 招生全国统一考试 江苏卷 I was required to read one of Bernie Siegel s books in college and was hooked on his positivity from that moment on The stories of his unconventional 36 and the exceptional patients he wrote about were so 37 to me and had such a big 38 on how I saw life from then on Who knew that so many years later I would look to Dr Bernie and his CDs again to 39 my own cancer experience I m an ambitious 40 and when I started going through chemo 化疗 even though I m a very 41 person I lost my drive to write I was just too tired and not in the 42 One day while waiting to go in for 43 I had one of Dr Bernie s books in my hand Another patient 44 what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me 45 he had one of his books with him as well It 46 that among other things he was an eighty year old writer He was47 a published author and he was currently 48 on a new book We would see each other at various times and 49 friends Sometimes he wore a duck hat and I would tell myself he was definitely a n 50 of Dr Bernie He really put a 51 on my face He unfortunately 52 last year due to his cancer 53 he left a deep impression on me and gave me the 54 to pick up my pen again I 55 to myself If he can do it then so can I 36 A tastesB ideasC notesD memories 37 A amazingB shockingC amusingD strange 38 A strikeB pushC challengeD impact 39 A learn fromB go overC get throughD refer to 40 A readerB writerC editorD doctor 41 A positiveB agreeableC humorousD honest 42 A moodB positionC stateD way 43 A adviceB referenceC protectionD treatment 44 A viewedB knewC noticedD wondered 45 A whileB becauseC althoughD providing 46 A came outB worked outC proved outD turned out 47 A naturallyB merelyC hopefullyD actually 48 A decidingB investingC workingD relying 49 A becameB helpedC missedD visited 50 A patientB operatorC fanD publisher 51 A signB smileC markD mask 52 A showed up B set offC fell downD passed away 53 A sinceB butC soD for 54 A guidanceB trustC opportunityD inspiration 55 A promisedB sworeC thoughtD replied 答案 36 B37 A38 D39 C40 B41 A42 A43 D44 C45 B 46 D47 D48 C49 A50 C51 B52 D53 B54 D55 C 39 C 考查动词短语 根据下文可知 作者不幸身患癌症 病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作 但 病友的执着和 Bernie Siegel 积极的人生观让自己又重新拾起纸笔 渡过了这段艰难时期 A 项 从 中获取经验 汲取教训 B 项 复习 仔细检查 C 项 渡过难关 D 项 提 到 涉及 参考 故选 C 项 40 B 考查名词 根据下文中 I lost my drive to write 可知 作者是一名抱负的作家 A 项 读者 B 项 作家 C 项 编辑 D 项 医生 故选 B 项 41 A 考查形容词 句意 尽管我是一个积极的人 还是失去了写作的动力 a positive person 与 lost my drive to write 构成让步关系 且与上文 positivity 呼应 A 项 积极的 B 项 称心如意的 C 项 幽默的 D 项 诚实的 故选 A 项 42 A 考查名词 句意 我就是感觉太累 没有心情去写 in the mood 意为 没有心情去做 事 A 项 心情 B 项 位置 职位 C 项 状态 D 项 方式 故选 A 项 43 D 考查名词 句意 一天 当我在等待治疗时 手里拿着 Bernie 的一本书 A 项 建议 B 项 提及 参考 C 项 保护 D 项 治疗 故选 D 项 44 C 考查动词 句意 另外一个病人注意到我在读些什么 主动跟我攀谈起来 A 项 认 为 B 项 知道 了解 C 项 无意中 注意到 D 项 想知道 故选 C 项 45 B 考查连词 句意 该空后是他主动和我攀谈的原因 他身上也有一本 Bernie 的书 A 项表示时间或轻微转折 B 项表示原因 C 项表示让步 D 项表示条件 故选 B 项 46 D 考查动词短语 除此之外 他是一位八十岁的作家 A 项 出现 出版 B 项 锻炼 解决 制定 C 项 证明是合适的 令人满意的 D 项 证明是 结果是 it turned out that 是固定搭配 意为 结果是 结果证明 故选 D 项 47 D 考查副词 句意 事实上 他是一位撰稿人 目前在写一本新书 A 项 自然地 B 项 仅仅 C 项 有希望地 D 项 事实上 故选 D 项 48 C 考查动词搭配 根据句意可知 他目前在写一本新书 A 项 decide on 决定 确定 B 项 invest on 投资 花时间在 上 C 项 work on 从事 忙于 D 项 rely on 依赖 依 靠 故选 C 项 49 A 考查动词 句意 我们总是在许多时候见到对方 成了朋友 A 项 成为 B 项 帮 助 C 项 错过 D 项 拜访 故选 A 项 50 C 考查名词 根据句意可知 他的确是 Bernie 的粉丝 A 项 病人 B 项 操作员 接 线员 C 项 粉丝 D 项 出版商 故选 C 项 51 B 考查名词 根据句意可知 他的举动感染了我 使我在生活中面带微笑 A 项 标志 迹象 征兆 B 项 微笑 C 项 标记 D 项 面罩 故选 B 项 52 D 考查动词短语 句意 他补充说道 Jason 因为不愿说谎没挣到钱 A 项 出现 露面 B 项 出发 动身 C 项 跌倒 D 项 去世 死的委婉表达 故选 D 项 53 B 考查连词 句意 他去年不幸死于癌症 但给我留下了深刻的印象 A 项表示时间 B 项表示转折 C 项表示结果 D 项表示原因 故选 B 项 54 D 考查名词 句意 他激励我重新拾起纸笔 A 项 指导 B 项 信任 C 项 机会 D 项 鼓舞 激励 启发 故选 D 项 55 C 考查名词 句意 我对自己说 如果他能做到 我也能 A 项 承诺 B 项 郑 重发誓 C 项 think to oneself 自言自语 D 项 回答 故选 C 项 考点 记叙文阅读 2015 年普通高等学校年普通