Unit10--I-have-had-this-bike-for-three-years单元知识点.docx

Unit 10 I ve had this bike for three years单元知识总结.一、重点短语 1. these days 目前;现在2. regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着3. in order to 为了4. so far 迄今;到现在为止5. in need 需要6. not. anymore 不再7. welcome to sp_ 欢迎来到 :8. check out 察看;观察9. board games 棋类游戏10. one last thing 最后一样东西11. junior high school 初 级 中 学 12. clear out 清理13. no longer 不再;不复14. toy monkey 玩具猴15. part with 与分开16. to be honest 说实在的17. . ride a bike 骑自行车18. have a yard sale 进行庭院拍卖会19. ones old things 某人的旧东西20. bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆21. give away 捐赠22. play for a while 玩一会儿23. do with. 处置;处理24. search for work 找工作25. for the last 13 years 在过去的13年里26. the mid-20th century 20世纪中期27. stay the same 保持原状28. according to 依据;按照29. in ones opinion 依看30. in my time 在我那个年代四、语法边讲边练 Exercises1 选择填空( )1.I Enghish in this school since 1999 (A)taught (B)have taught (C)tea (D)would teach( )2.Li lei the pen for five years(A)has had (B)bought(C)have had (D)have bought( )3.Kate her grand mothers photo before (A)havent seen(B)have seen (C)see (D)hasnt seen( )4. Mary you these days. (A)Has,seen (B)Do,see (C)Did,see (D)Is,seeing 5.so far ,we thousands of Building in Quanzhou (A)build (B)have built (C)built (D)will buildExercises2 选择填空( )1.Have you finished your work? .(A) Yes, I have. (B) Yes, I do. (B) (C) Yes, I am. (D) Yes, I did.( )2.Has she ever learned English? (A) Yes, she has. (B) Yes, she does. (C) No, she doesnt (D)No, she has( )3.He finished his homework. yet(A)doesnt(B)havent (C) hasnt (D) doesnt have三 现在完成时的含义之一表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与never/ever，just，already/yet，before。so far等连用。这些标志词可以表达这种含义 以already, just和yet为标志 already, just和yet 表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。He has already got her help. He has just seen the film. He hasnt come back yet.。 以ever和never为标志ever和never 表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。 This is the best film I have ever seen. He has never been to Beijing. 以动作发生的次数为标志 若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次,则要使用现在完成时。 He says he has been to the USA three times. 以so far为标志 so far往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。 He has got to Beijing so far.She has passed the exam so far.never/ever，just，already/yet，before。so far的用法（略） Exercises3 选择填空( )1.Have you traveled on the train？ Yes, I have.(A)never (B)ever (C)just (D)yet( )2.Have you finished your homework Not .(A)ever (B)already (C)yet (D)just( )3. We havent finished our homework .(A)already(B)ever (C)yet (D)never( )4.Have you learned English?Yes, Ive learned a lot.(A) never,ever(B)ever,never(C)ever,already (D)already.ever( )5.Have you finished your homework ?Yes,Ive done that (A)yet,already (B)already, yet (C)ever,never (D)still,just( )6.Johns father borrowed some pictures(A) have already (B)has just (C)have ever (D)has yet四、现在完成时含义之二表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。常与for, since, how long, these days等连用。Since+过去点的时间（since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今，since之后的时间为一点）Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. for+一段时间（数词+量词），（for短语表示动作延续多长时间，for的宾语为时间段）。此划线部分用how long提问。We have known each other for twenty years. I havent seen her for a long time. Exercises4 A）用since和for填空1) _ two years2) _two years ago3) _ last month 4) _ 19995) _ yesterday6) _ 4 oclock7) _ 4 hours8) _ an hour ago9) _ we were children 10) _ lunch time11) _ she left hereB）用since和for填空1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.2. Ive known him _ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. Its about ten years _ she left the city.C）选择填空( )1.Ive been like this ever since (A)last week (B) for a week (C) a week before (D)the last week( )2.My mother has worked in this factory 2 years.(A)about (B)for (C)in (D)since( )3. I havent heard from him last week.(A)since (B) for (C)ago (D)before( )4.His father joined the party_(A)for three years (B)since three years ago(C)three years ago (D)in two years time( )5.He moved here in 1999,and he has been here .(A)at that time (B)for five years ago(C)since four years (D)for four years( )6.Tom has been away from home about five days ago.(A) (B)in (C)since (D)for五、句式：主句（现在完成时）since+ 从句（一般过去时）Exercies 5 选择填空( )1.she Enghish in our school ever since she here.(A)has taught, came (B)taught ,came(C)has taught, has come (D)teaches,has come( )2.Our Enghish teacher in our school since he to China.(A)has taught . Came (B)taught,come(C)has taught,has . come (D)teaches,has come( )3.She in Quanzhou since she born in 1980(A)has lived, has been (B)has lived, was(C)lived, has been (D)lived, was六、句式：Its 一段时间since从句（用一般过去时）Exercies 6 选择填空 ( )1.Its ten years since she .(A)has left (B)has been away (C)left (D)leave ( )2. Its three years since he the army . (A)has joined (B)has been in (C)join (D)joined七、have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 此外还有这些搭配：have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm have been here (there) / abroadhave(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用， I have just been to the post office. Mary has never been to the Great Wall. Have you ever been to Hangzhou? have(has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。：I have been to Beijing three times.。They have been to that village several times. have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop.。Jack Johnson has gone to London. C）选择填空( )1.Mrs whites isnt here,she London,she there many times(A)has been to , went (B)has gone to , hasbeen(C)went to, has gone (D)has been to , has gone( )2.She has_ to Beijing twice .(A)gone (B) got (C)been (D)come( )3.where your father , Li Lei?To Beijing(A)have,been (B)has,been (C)have,gone (D)has,gone( )4.Mr Green isnt in the office , He to the library(A)has gone (B)went (C)has been (D)will go( )5.Mr smith to Tokyo and he will be back in a week(A)has been (B)has visited (C)has sent (D)has gone( )6.They_ China for two years (A)have been to (B)have been in(c)have gone to (D)have come to八、现在完成时的反意疑问句【have（nt）/has（nt）代词】Exercises8 选择填空( )1.Jims been to the Great wall before , ?(A) isnt (B)wasnt (C)hasnt (D)doesnt( )2.Shes never been to England, she?(A)has (B)hasnt (C)isnt (D)is九、How long与现在完成时Exercies 9 选择填空( )1.-_ have you been here? - Since last year(A)How far (B)How long (C)How often (D)How soon( )2._has Hanmei been in the library.(A)Howlong (B)How soon (C)How far (D)How often( )3.How long _he_the library book .(A)has,borrow (B)has,kept (C)has,bought (D)did,buy十、短暂性转换延续性Exercises10A）按要求把短暂性转换为延续性动词arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.2) I moved to the USA last year.I _ _ _ the USA since _ _.3) I went home yesterday.I _ _ _ home for _ _.4) They came here last week.They _ _ here since _ _.come/go back, return be backcome/go out be out1) He came out two years ago.He _ _ _ for _ _.2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We _ _ _ to Fuzhou since _.become be1) I became a teacher in 2000.I _ _ a teacher for _ _.2) The river became dirty last year.The river _ _ dirty for _ _.close be closed open be open1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shop _ _ _ for _ _.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door _ _ _ for six hours.get up be up die be deadleave sw. be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep be asleepfinish/end be over marry be married1) I got up two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.2) He left Fuzhou just now.He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.6) They married in 1990.They _ _ _since _.start/begin to do sth. do sth.begin be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I _ _ at this school since _.2) The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for _ _.borrow keep lose not havebuy have put on wearcatch/get a cold have a coldget to know know1) They borrowed it last week.They _ _ it since _ _.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I _ _ a pen for _ _.3) I got to know him last year.I _ _ him since _ _.4) I put on my glasses three years ago.I _ _ my glasses for _ _.have/has gone to have been in1) He has gone to Beijing.He _ _ _ Beijing for two days.join the league/the Party/the army be a league/a Party member/a soldier be a member of the league/the Party be in the league/the Party/the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He _ _ a _ _ for two years.He _ _ a _ _ the _ for two years.He _ _ _ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _ _ a _ for _ _.My brother _ _ in _ _ for two years.B）汉译英1）这本字典我已买了三年了。2）他离开中国三年了。3）我认识他们五年了。4）他们已去了美国五年了。5）自从他搬到福州，他就住这儿了。6）他们已经结婚10年。7）我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。8）这会已开了多长时间了？9）这门已经关了两天了。10）我入团2年了。 I _ _ _ two years ago.I _ _ a _ _ for two years.I _ _ a _ of _ _ for two years.I _ _ _ the _ for two years.11）自从1999年以来他们就认识。12）我来到农场已5年了。C）选择填空( )1.How long can I this book?Two weeks(A)borrow (B)keep (C)lend (D)return( )2.Her father in 1990 and her husband for more than five years(A)died ,dead (B)has died,dead (C)died ,has been dead (D)has died, has died( )3.I have this nice watch for two years(A)had (B)bought (C)borrowed (D)lend( )4.He his home for ten years(A)has left (B)left from (C)has been away from (D)was away from( )5.He a league menber for three years (A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become( )6.Lihuas brother has for two years(A)joined the army (B)been an army (C)become a soldier (D)been in the army( )7.He hasnt Quanzhou ever since he left school(A)left (B)been away (C)been (D)away 十一、现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。试比较：The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）When常与与一般过去时连用，How long常与与现在完成时连用 When did you come to Beijing? How long have you been in Beijing?Exercises 11 选择填空( )1. Have you finsheed your homeworkYes, I it last night(A)finish (B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish( )2. you ever to NanjingYes,I there last year.(A)Havegone, have gone (B)Havebeen , went(C)Didgo, went (D)Didgo,has , been( )3.When you Lucy in New York?I here for two years(A)didmeet,havet seen (B)didmeet,havent seen(C)didmeet,dont see (D)wouldmeet,hadnt seen( )4.when_ you to Beijing?How long you here(A)havecome , havekeen (B)didcome , havekeen(C)didcome , didgo (D)didcome , have gone二、重点难点：1. 现在完成时由主语have/has过去分词构成。其主要用法如下：I. 在未指明具体时间的情况下，现在完成时动词通常可以表示在说话之前已经完成，而后果或影响至今仍存在的动作。例如：The concert has started. 音乐会已经开始。I have had breakfast. 我已吃过早饭。 注意：have gone to 和 have been to 在意义上有区别。例如：He has gone to Hong Kong. 他到香港去了。（他已前往香港，或在途中，或已到达。说话人暗示他现在不在现场。）He has been to Hong Kong. 他曾到过香港。（说话人认为他过去到过香港，现在已不在该地。言外之意他对香港有所了解。）II. 现在完成时动词可以表示开始于过去持续到现在（也许还会继续进行下去）的动作或状态。例如：1) I have studied English since last year. 我从去年开始学习英语。2) She has lived in Beijing for five years. 她住在北京已经五年了。注意：come, go , leave, arrive, buy, lose, receive, join, die, bury 和marry 等动词所表示的动作是一时的，不能延续的，故不能与for ，since 等开头的表示一段时间的状语连用。不过，这些词用于否定句则可以与表示持续的时间状语连用，即动作的不发生是可以持续的。例如：不能说：*He has come to Beijing for two years. *He has bought that book for three weeks. *He has joined the Army for one and a half years.*His grandma has died for nine months.* I have received his letter for a month.可以说：He has been in Beijing for two years. He has had that book for three weeks. He has been in the army for one and a half years. His grandma has been dead for nine months.I havent received his letter for almost a month.或者：It is two years since he came to Beijing. It is three weeks since he bought that book.It is one and a half years since he joined the Army. It is nine months since