2012-2017英语高考真题汇编--4语法填空题及答案

1 语法填空语法填空 2017 年年 Cloze 1 2017 全国卷 15 分 话题 饮食与健康 词数 196 阅读下面短文 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt This trend which was started by the medical community 医学界 1 a method of fighting heart disease has had some unintended side 2 effect such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet They are required 3 process the food that we eat to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions When fat and salt 4 remove from food the food tastes as if it is missing something As 5 result people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing Even 6 bad the amount of fast food that people eat goes up Fast food 7 be full of fat and salt by 8 eat more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack 吃点心 between meals and will improve the taste of your food However be 9 care not to go to extremes Like anything it is possible to have too much of both 10 is not good for the health Cloze 2 2017 全国卷 15 分 话题 地下客运铁路 词数 181 阅读下面短文 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people STF5 to avoid terrible 1 crowd on the roads above as they travelled to and 2 work It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method This included digging up the road 3 lay the track and then building a strong roof over 4 top When all those had been done the road surface was replaced Steam engines 5 use to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 fair unpleasant for the passengers with all the smoke and noise However the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months more than 25 000 people were using 7 every day Later engineers 8 manage to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels 隧道 which became known as the Tube This development was only possible with the 9 introduce of electric powered engines and lifts The Central London Railway was one of the most 10 success of these new lines and was opened in 1900 It had white painted tunnels and bright red carriages and proved extremely popular with the public Cloze 3 2017 全国卷 15 分 话题 上学的同时兼职做模特 词数 196 阅读下面短文 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 She looks like any other schoolgirl fresh faced and full of life Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A level course But unlike her school friends 16 year old Sarah is not spending half term 1 rest Instead she is earning 6 500 a day as 2 model in New York Sarah 3 tell that she could be Britain s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year Her father Peter 44 wants her to give up school to model full time But Sarah 4 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 5 prove that she has brains as well as beauty She is determined to carry on with her 6 educate 2 She has turned down several 7 invitation to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 8 engineering or architecture Sarah says My dad thinks I should take the offer now But at the moment school 9 come first I don t want to get too absorbed in modeling It is 10 certain fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal I don t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can t model any more Cloze 4 2017 浙江 15 分 话题 16 年前的戒指失而复得 词数 181 阅读下面短文 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Last October while tending her garden in Mora Sweden Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 1 carrot and was about to throw them away But something made her look closer and she noticed a 2 shine object Yes there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long lost wedding ring Pahlsson screamed 3 loudly that her daughter came running from the house She thought I had hurt 4 I says Pahlsson Sixteen years 5 early Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 6 cook a meal When she wanted to put the ring back on later it was gone She suspected that one of her three daughters then ten eight and six had picked it up but the girls said they hadn t Pahlsson and her husband 7 search the kitchen checking every corner but turned up nothing I gave up hope of finding my ring again she says She never replaced it Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 8 sweep into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden 9 it remained until the carrot s leafy top accidentally sprouted 生长 through it For Pahlsson its return was 10 wonder 2012 2016 年年 Cloze 1 2016 全国卷 15 分 词数 180 阅读下面材料 在空白处填入适当的内容 1 个单词 或括号内单词的正确形式 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires Asia s biggest building and fancy new hotels But for tourists like me pandas are its top 1 attract So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not for profit Panda Base where ticket money helps pay for research I 2 allow to get up close to these cute animals at the 600 acre centre From tomorrow I will be their UK ambassador The title will be 3 official given to me at a ceremony in London But my connection with pandas goes back 4 my days on a TV show in the mid 1980s 5 I was the first Western TV reporter 6 permit to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild My ambassadorial duties will include 7 introduce British visitors to the 120 plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia On my recent visit I held a lively three month old twin that had been rejected by 8 it mother The nursery team switches him every few 9 day with his sister so that while one is being bottle fed 10 other is with mum she never suspects Cloze 2 2016 全国卷 15 分 词数 188 阅读下面材料 在空白处填入适当的内容 1 个单词 或括号内单词的正确形式 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work you should take a step back and identify 识别 those of 1 great and less importance Then handle the most important tasks first so you ll feel a real sense of 2 achieve Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 3 be 3 often acceptable Most of us are more focused 4 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day So get an early start and try to be as productive 5 possible before lunch This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished Recent 6 study show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 7 regular Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 8 while exercising or doing something you enjoy If you find something you love doing outside of the office you ll be less likely 9 bring your work home It could be anything gardening cooking music sports but whatever it is 10 make sure it s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about Cloze 3 2016 全国卷 15 分 词数 178 阅读下面材料 在空白处填入适当的内容 1 个单词 或括号内单词的正确形式 In much of Asia especially the so called rice bowl cultures of China Japan Korea 1 Vietnam food is usually eaten with chopsticks Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo They can also be made of plastic animal bone or metal Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic Truly elegant chopsticks might 2 make of gold and silver with Chinese characters Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 3 create special designs The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years People probably cooked their food in large pots 4 use twigs 树枝 to remove it Over time 5 the population grew people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 6 gradual turned into chopsticks Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius 7 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B C influenced the 8 develop of chopsticks Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 9 be too violent for use at the table Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia In India for example most people traditionally eat 10 their hands Cloze 4 2016 四川 15 分 词数 186 阅读下面材料 在空白处填入适当的内容 1 个单词 或括号内单词的正确形式 The giant panda 1 love by people throughout the world Chinese scientists 2 recent had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby She was a very 3 care mother For 25 days she never left her baby not even to find something 4 eat She would not let any other pandas come near She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean Any smell might attract natural 5 enemy that would try to eat the little panda The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does 6 it cried she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats The mother continued to care for the young panda 7 more than two years By that time the panda no longer needed 8 it mother for food However it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest Then after two and a half years the mother 9 drive the young panda away It was time for her to have a new baby 10 it was also time for the young panda to be independent Cloze 5 2015 新课标全国 15 分 词数 182 阅读下面材料 在空白处填入适当的内容 1 个单词 或括号内单词的正确形式 Yangshuo China It was raining lightly when I 1 arrive in Yangshuo just before dawn But I didn t care 4 A few hours 2 I d been at home in Hong Kong with 3 it choking smog Here the air was clean and fresh even with the rain I d skipped nearby Guilin a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 painting Instead I d headed straight for Yangshuo For those who fly to Guilin it s only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the better known city Yangshuo 7 be really beautiful A study of travelers 8 conduct by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia Abercrombie 7 the same time they warm up again for the night This cycle 8 go day after day The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset 抵消 for the outside temperatures As 9 nature architects the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days Cloze 7 2015 广东 15 分 词数 187 阅读下面短文 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求 在空格处填入一个适当 的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空 Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children He owned 1 farm which looked almost abandoned 2 lucky he also had a cow which produced milk every day He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby 3 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 4 leave The cow was their only means of support in fact One day the cow was eating grass 5 it began to rain heavily While making great efforts to run away she 6 fall over the hill and died Then the Johnsons had to make a living 7 the cow In order to support his family Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables Since the plants took a while to grow he started cutting down trees 8 sell the wood Thinking about his children s clothes he started growing cotton too When harvest came around he was already selling herbs vegetables and cotton in the market 9 people from the towns met regularly Now it occurred to 10 that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck Cloze 8 2014 新课标全国 15 分 词数 188 阅读下面材料 在空白处填入适当的内容 不多于 3 个单词 或括号内单词的正确形式 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix In 1969 the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland Ohio It 1 be unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up The river was so polluted that it 2 actual 5 caught fire and burned Now years later this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup But the river wasn t changed in a few days 4 even a few months It took years of work 5 reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water Finally that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 clean than ever Maybe you are facing an impossible situation Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy Possibly you drink too much or don t know how to control your credit card use When you face such an impossible situation don t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately While there are 8 amaze stories of instant transformation for most of us the 9 change are gradual and require a lot of effort and work like cleaning up a polluted river Just be 10 patience Cloze 9 2014 新课标全国 15 分 词数 195 阅读下面材料 在空白处填入适当的内容 不多于 3 个单词 或括号内单词的正确形 式 One morning I was waiting at the bus stop worried about 1 be late for school There were many people waiting at the bus stop 2 some of them looked very anxious and 3 disappoint When the bus finally came we all hurried on board I got a place next 4 the window so I had a good view of the sidewalk A boy on a bike 5 catch my attention He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver but he refused 6 stop until we reached the next stop Still the boy kept 7 ride He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting Finally when we came to the next stop the boy ran up to the door of the bus I heard an excited conversation Then the driver stood up and asked 8 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop A woman on the bus shouted Oh dear It s 9 I She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 10 sudden became friendly to one another Cloze 10 2014 广东 15 分 词数 196 阅读下面短文 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求 在空格处填入一个适当 的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空 Last year my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation Some of my friends who had been there before said 1 was a wonderful holiday destination Before we went we had planned for months When the day came we were ready After our plane landed we went to the hotel We had made our reservation six months 2 early but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake We 3 tell that our rooms hadn t been reserved for that week 4 for the week after I didn t understand 5 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 6 the reservation What s worse the hotel had been fully booked When we were wondering what to do the manager came out She was 7 surprise helpful She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 8 top floor We had never stayed in such an amazing room and we weren t charged extra The next day my brother and I went to the beach 9 we watched some people play volleyball We got a little 10 sunburn but the day had been so relaxing that we didn t mind Cloze 11 2013 广东 15 分 词数 203 阅读下面短文 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求 在空格处填入一个适当 6 的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空 One day Nick invited his friends to supper He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen Suddenly he 1 find that he had run out of salt So Nick called to his son Go to the village and buy some salt but pay a fair price for it neither too much 2 too little His son looked surprised I can understand why I shouldn t pay too much Father but if I can pay less 3 not save a bit of money That would be a very 4 reason thing to do in a big city but it could destroy a small village like ours Nick said Nick s guests 5 had heard their conversation asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could Nick replied The only reason a man would sell salt 6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it But such a small thing couldn t 8 possible destroy a village In the beginning there was only 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world but everyone added a little always 10 think that it was only small and not very important and look where we have ended up today Cloze 12 2012 广东 15 分 词数 213 阅读下面短文 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求 在空格处填入一个适当 的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空 Mary will never forget the first time she saw him He suddenly appeared in class one day 1 wear sun glasses He walked in as if he 2 buy the school And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City For some reason he sat beside Mary Mary felt 3 please because there were many empty seats in the room But she quickly realized that it wasn t her it was probably the fact that she sat in 4 last row 5 he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back he was wrong It might have made it a little 6 hard for everybody because it meant they had to turn around but that didn t stop the kids in the class Of course whenever they turned to look at him they had to look at Mary 7 made her feel like a star Do you need those glasses for medical reasons the teacher asked The new boy shook his head Then I d appreciate it if you didn t wear them in class I like to look at your eyes when I m speaking to you The new boy looked at the teacher 8 a few seconds and all the other students wondered 9 the boy would do Then he took 10 off gave a big smile and said That s cool 语法填空答案语法填空答案 2017 年年 Cloze 本文是一篇说明文 主要讲述了一种低脂肪 低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响 1 as 考查介词 分析句子结构可知 此处在句中作状语 表示 作为一种抵御心脏病的方式 所以填 as 意为 作为 2 effects 考查名词复数 这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用 根据空前的 some 及空 后的 such as overweight and heart disease 可知 此处指不止一种副作用 故用名词复数形 式 effects 3 to process 考查非谓语动词 be required to do sth 为固定用法 7 4 are removed 考查时态和语态 本文的主体时态为一般现在时 此处亦应用一般现在时 又 fat and salt 是动词 remove 的承受者 应用被动语态 所以此处填 are removed 5 a 考查冠词 as a result 为固定搭配 意为 结果 6 worse 考查比较级 短语 Even worse 意为 更糟糕的是 表示意义的递进 故用 worse 7 is 考查时态和主谓一致 此处是对客观情况的描述 应用一般现在时 分析句子结构可 知 该句缺少谓语动词 又因主语为 Fast food 故填 is 8 eating 考查非谓语动词 介词 by 后跟名词 代词或动名词作宾语 故填 eating 9 careful 考查形容词 此处为形容词作表语 故填 careful 当心的 构成系表结构 10 which 考查关系代词 分析句子结构可知 此处为非限制性定语从句 空处指代前句的 内容 且在从句中作主语 故填关系代词 which Cloze 2 本文为说明文 介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁 的过程 段意梳理 第一段 介绍了世界上第一个地下客运铁路的创建以及相关事宜 第二段 蒸汽机是地下客运铁路的动力机 尽管它让乘客感到不舒服 但乘客数量却大增 第三段 地下客运铁路发展成现在的地铁 1 crowds 考查名词复数 因为 crowd 为可数名词 并且其前没有限定词 所以此处用其复 数形式 2 from 考查介词 此处是指 当他们来回上下班时 3 laying 考查非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知 该句的主语为 This 谓语动词 included 后 由 and 连接了三个动