语法.剖析Unit 2 Heroes 北师大版

用心 爱心 专心1 语法语法 剖析剖析 一般过去时一般过去时 用法用法例句例句 表示过去某一时刻发生的动作或情况 常与 two days ago yesterday last week the other day in 1990 during the night in ancient times 等表示过去的时间状语连词 Where did you go just now I worked in that factory last year My mother fell ill the other day The Red Army came into being in 1927 表示在过去一段时间内 经常性或习惯性的 动作 常与 every day often sometimes 等 时间状语连用 used to 动词原形或 would 动词原形 常用来表示过去经常或反复发生的行为 When I was a child I often played football in the street We sometimes went to school by bus last year I used to smoke a lot but now I don t now We would ask our teachers for advice when we had questions 表示过去发生的一连串动作 The monkey jumped off the tree picked up a big stone and threw it at us 在时间 条件 让步状语从句中用一般过 去时表示过去将来的动作 He said he would come to see me if he got here He bought some books when he went to Paris 过去进行时过去进行时 用法例句 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行 的动作 过去进行时常和表示过去时的时间 状语词组或从句连用 I was watching TV at 8 o clock last night The students were reading loudly when I came into the classroom My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself It was raining when they left the station 表示说话人过去对主语的行为表示赞叹 厌 恶等 常与 always constantly continually 等副词连 用 The manager was always thinking of his work at that time 表赞赏 The naughty boys were constantly making trouble 表不满 表示过去将来发生的动作 一般限于一些表 示移动 方向的动词 He said that he was coming to see me the next week Nobody knew whether he was leaving for the countryside 描述事件发生的背景 The sun was shining the wind was blowing and a group of soldiers were marching 现在完成时现在完成时 用法例句 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在 造成的影响或结果 通常与表示包括现在在 内的时间副 词 just already before yet never ever 等状语连用 I have never heard of that before Have you ever ridden a horse She has already finished the work Have you milked the cow yet Yes I have done that already 用心 爱心 专心2 I ve just lost my science book 表示过去已经开始 持续到现在的动作或状 态 可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在 包括现在在内 的一段时间的状语连用 如 for 和 since 及 so far now today this week month year 等 I haven t seen her these days She has learnt English for 3 years They have lived here since 1990 What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years 现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句 中 表示将来某时完成的动作 I ll go to your home when I have finished my homework If it has stopped snowing in the morning we ll go to the park 需要注意以下几个方面 1 have been to 和 have gone to 的区别 have has been to 表示 曾经去过 某地 说话时此人很可能不在那里 已经回来 侧重指经历 have has gone to 表示某人 已经去了 某地 说话时此人在那里 或可能在路上 反正不在这里 试比较 He has been to Beijing 他曾去过北京 人已回来 可能在这儿 The sea refuses no river 海不拒河水 大海有能容之量 He has gone to Beijing 他已经去了北京 人已走 不在这儿 2 表示短暂时间动作的词 如 come go die marry buy 等的完成时不能与 for since 表 示一段时间的短语连用 常用的瞬间动词可转换为 buy have borrow keep leave go be away begin be on finish be over become be marry be married die be dead 等 这本书他买了三天了 He has bought got the book for 3 days He has had the book for 3 days He bought the book 3 days ago 3 常用句型 It is the first second time that 结构中的从句部分 用现在完成时 This is the 最高级 名词 that 结构 that 从句要用现在完成时 It is the first time that I have visited the city It was the third time that the boy had been late This is the best film that I ve ever seen This is the first time that I ve heard him sing 一般过去时与现在完成时之比较一般过去时与现在完成时之比较 时态时态定义定义各自的时间状语各自的时间状语共有的时间状语共有的时间状语不同点不同点 用心 爱心 专心3 一般过去时表示过去 某时发生的 动作或单纯 叙述过去的 事情 强调动 作 yesterday last week ago in1980 in October just now 等表示具 体的时间状语 只与具体的时间状 语连用 现在完成时表示过去发 生的动作 强 调过去的事 情对现在的 影响 for since sofar ever ne ver just yet till unti up tonow inpast years always 等表示不确定的时间状语 thismorning tonight ths April now once befor e already recenly lately 等等 只与模糊的时间状 语连用 或无时间 状语 分析比较下列例句 I saw this film yesterday I have seen this film 强调看的动作发生过了 强调对现在的影响 电影的内容已经知道了 She returned yesterday She has returned from Paris 她是昨天回来了 她已从巴黎回来了 He has been in the League for three years He joined the League three years ago 在团内的