高考英语作文全方位指导.doc

高考英语专题复习指导系列高考英语作文全方位指导第一部分：单项训练1.翻译下列常用谚语1）教育与学习类：1.知识就是力量。_2.玉不琢不成器。_3.学无坦途。_4.天才不过是勤奋而已。_5.问得多，学得多。_6.及时一针省得将来九针。_7.岁月不待人。_8.活到老学到老。_9.滴水穿石。_10.万事皆通，一无所知。_2）工作与生活类1.服务他人的生活才有意义。_2.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。_3.事业是人生的第一需要。_4.健康是最大的财富。_5.一天一个苹果，不要求医问药。_6.良药苦口利于病。_7.人生并非康庄大道。_8.入乡随俗。_9.量体裁衣；量入为出。_10.五十步笑百步。_11.谎言站不住。_12.贪小便宜吃大亏。_13.做人诚信为本。_3）友情与爱情类1.患难之交真朋友。_2.情人眼里出西施。_3.爱屋及乌。_4.爱情不分贫富贵贱。_5.真正的爱情永葆青春。_6.滥交朋友者无朋友。_7.益友难得。_4）理想与现实类1.世上无难事，只怕有心人。_2.下决心成功的人已成功了一半。_3.伟大的理想造就伟大的人物。_4. 除非亲自尝试，否则你永远不知道你能够做什么_5.人生应该树立目标，否则你的精力会白白浪费。_6.有志者事竟成。_7.不劳则无获。_5）逆境与人生类1.吃一堑长一智。_2.逆境出人才。_3.烈火验真金，艰难磨意志。_4.凡事不可半途而废。_5.逆水行舟，不进则退。_6.否极泰来。_7.欲速则不达。_8.条条大道通罗马。_9.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。_2.连贯性训练A.用已提供的短语填空1. to my joy, generally speaking, at first, nevertheless, in the end, in a word, now that1)_, it is not so cold in February. 2) Smoking costs us much money and it can easily cause a big fire. _, smoking can do us much harm.3) _, my son passed the exam with a very high mark. 4) There was no news; _, she went on hoping. 5) _, I thought it difficult to learn English, but in the end I changed my mind.6) The flowers will soon start to bloom _ winter is gone and the weather is beginning to get warmer.2. furthermore , for fear that， otherwise，so that，no matter，in spite of1) New models are put on every year _ consumers will keep buying.2) I read the chapter several times _ I might not able to pass the exam.3) It is still a good idea to know how to type. _ the many technological advances in typewriters and word processors, a skilled operators remains indispensable.4) A fire must have a readily available supply of oxygen. _ it will stop burning.5) I like to keep the windows open at night _ how cold it gets.6) Florider is famous for its tourist attractions. Its coastline offers excellent white sand beaches. _, it has warm, sunny weather.B.语篇逻辑关系填空1. finally, then, at first, after that I had a bad cold last week. 1 , I had a running nose, but I did not take it seriously. 2 I began to cough. 3 , I had a fever and felt weak. 4 , I was sent to hospital and had to lie in bed for three days.2. and , but, finally, immediately, now, at first, one day, then, so,The naughty boy in the story “The Boy Who Cried Wolf” has grown up. 1 he works as a weatherman in his village. 2 he studied the weather carefully 3 found that a storm was coming. 4 , he told all the villagers to prepare for the bad weather, 5 no one believed him. 6 , the weather was fine, 7 the villagers said that the young man was lying again. _8_the weather suddenly changed 9 a storm wind came. All the villagers tried to save the crops 10 it was too late. 11 , the storm ruined all the crops.3. A: second, B: also, C: another reason is that, D: for example, E: moreover, F: however, G: on the other hand, H: first, I: one reason is that, J: the best choiceThere are three major airports near Washington, D.C, but the traveler to Washington should be careful about which one to choose. 1 , Baltimore-Washington International Airport, located near the city of Baltimore, is a good airport. 2 , it is not the best choice for a traveler who wants to visit Washington. 3 it is relatively far from the city of Washington itself. 4 , a passenger bus trip between Baltimore and Washington is expensive. Dulles International Airport is a slightly better choice, since it is located closer to the city. 5 , if a traveler arrives in the early evening, he or she will encounter rush-hour traffic, which is not a good way to begin a trip to the city. 6 may be Washington-Reagan National Airport. There are two reasons for this. 7 ,this airport is the closest to the city. 8 it is located on the Metro train system, which is a convenient method of transportation.4. first, whats worse, in my opinion, besides, now_1_ many middle school students are fat and there are reasons for it. Some eat too much met and too many snacks. Some sit too long but seldom exercise.Getting fat has quite a few disadvantages. _2_, being fat makes it difficult for one to walk or move as others._3_, to be fat usually means to be weak, and it is easy for a fat person to suffer from many kinds of diseases. At the same time. A fat person gets tired easily, which decreases his study efficiency._4_, to be fat is not a good thing for us middle students. We should try to eat less meat but more vegetables. _5_ we should try our best to take part in all kinds of sports. If so, we are sure to lose weight and stay healthy.3.高级句型结构训练A,续写句子例子：before she became a teacher造句：she was a worker before she became a teacher.1. although the weather was perfect_2.when they would begin to recycle cans and bottles_3. after we finished writing our term papers_4. since he was eighteen years ago_5. while we took a swim_6. because the job offered a good salary_7. unless you finish your homework_B.按要求进行句型转换1.I didnt realize the mistake until I grow up.(强调划线部分）_ 2.We can make our country stronger and stronger in this way.（倒装句）_ 3.That we love peace is known to all.（变为it引导的形式主语）_4.Though our country is rich, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.（将从句倒装）_ 5.You should try to find a better way. Then you will make greater progress.(改为祈使句)_ 6. We should take some measures. That is necessary.(改为It is +adj.结构)_ 7. I was busy working. At that time, my uncle came.(用when连接两个分句)_ 8. Just when the performances was over, we left the theatre.(用the moment连接两个分句)_ 9. Your performance was wonderful. I was deeply impressed.(用sothat连接句子)_ 10. The technology is developing quickly. We can live longer in the future.(用with结构连接句子)_ 11. He won the game. We are very surprised. (用what引导的主语从句)_ 12. He didnt realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games until he failed in the exam.(用倒装句)_ 13. I havent time, so I will not attend your party.(用虚拟语气句)_ 14. We didnt drive in turn, so you got so tired.(用虚拟语气句)_ C.用定语从句组合句子1. Kunming is a beautiful city. There flowers and grass can be seen everywhere._ 2. I will never forget the day. On that day I met you for the first time at the airport._ 3. He couldnt go to college because his grades were too low._ 4. Environment protection is becoming more and more urgent. One example of it is the serious air pollution._ 5. Farmers once were looked down upon. Those days are gone._ 6. I know that student. His article has been published._ 7. I am very grateful for Tom. He often helps me gladly._ 8. Edison invented the light bulb. It is known to all._ 9. The river is now seriously polluted. There were once many trees along its banks._ D.用非谓语动词结构组合句子1. He had won the game. All of them sang and danced all night._ 2. When the medicine is taken on time, the medicine is effective._ 3. The little is dressed in red. She looked pretty._ 4. The flowers smelled nice. They attracted many visitors._ 5. All those came to the party last night. They are my friends._ 6. The money was needed for the sick child. It was soon collected._ 7. The young man is talking with the children. He is a famous singer._ 8. He was known as a famous expert. He received many invitations._ 9. If we given a little more time, we will do better._ 10. I didnt know what to do. I had to ask my parents for advice._ 11. He had failed in the exam. He didnt play computer games any more._ 12. Because I havent finished my work, I have to stay at home._ 13. There was no bus. So he had to walk home._ 14. If time permits, I will go shopping this afternoon._ 15. He cried suddenly. Tears rolled down his cheeks._ 第二部分：体裁训练一、说明文说明文是对某事物的特征、功能、结构、本质、用途、原理、来源等进行客观和具体的阐述。目的在于提供知识、表明观点。说明文的说明对象可以是具体的客观事件、人物、自然环境，也可以是某些抽象的东西，比如原理、概念、定律、思想等。近年来，高考英语表达中对说明文的考察有递增趋势，如2008年湖南卷为介绍某个人物，四川卷要求考生说明如何保护环境，广东卷要求考生介绍奥运比赛项目射击等。同时对说明文的考察主要融合在应用文体中，如写信，写发言稿等等。因此，考生务必加以重视。注意说明文的以下三个语言特点：1)时态相对较为统一：多用一般现在时；2)以主动语态、陈述句式为主，为了表达的灵活也可以选用其他表达形式；3)恰当地使用过渡词语充分体现时间顺序、空间顺序及逻辑顺序这一部分将分为三类：介绍人物、介绍地点、描述图表。一、介绍人物 【写作指导】 1.介绍人物常用短语有：work hard atdo sth with great determination and perseverance（毅力）be strict in sth./with sb. have a way of doing sthtry ones best to do sth.devote oneself towin a prize/the first prize in competition be good at /do well inmake rapid progress in go through hardship/overcome many difficultieshave a gift/ talent for2 评价人物常用短语：one of the best/ most important set a good example fora model teacher/workerbe respected by everyonespeak/ think highly ofbe honored as (an excellent athlete)His hard work brought him great success. is the pride of make great contributions tobe famous/known as remember sb forever【真题体验】1. （2008，湖南卷）请从下列任务中选择你 最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇120词左右的短文。要求很具所给信息做适当发挥，且需包括一下三部分内容：1. 对该任务的简单介绍；2. 喜欢该任务的理由；3. 从该任务身上得到的启示。Thomas EdisonHelen KellerWilliam Shakespeareinventor;creative; diligent;full of wisdomOrdinary but great woman; disabled, optimistic; eager to learnWriter; talented; imaginative; man of all ages“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”“if I have the power of sight for three days.”“Life is a stage”【学生习作】Thomas Edison, a famous American scientist and inventor, had more than 1000 inventions, (-2分)one of them is bulb, which changed the world so greatly that the lights in America（-2分）was turned off for three minutes in memory of him at his death.I admire him because he made so much contribution to the world. Though not blessed with much gift and（-1分）even thinking to be foolish in teachers eyes, he never discouraged himself by difficulties in life, which instead motivated him to pursue his dream. His creativity and diligence made him full of wisdom and paved the way for his final success. （-2分）Just as he put it, genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. The key to success is not to ask what others can do for me, but to ask what I can do and how I can do it for my others. （得分档次：第四档，18分）【习作评析】1.总体评价：本篇文章要点齐全，连贯性比较好，如though, but等词的使用。文章还使用了不少高级句型，如定语从句，让步状语从句，还有各种动词短语等。但美中不足的是出现了一些句型错误，扣分就不可避免。2. 误点点拨：处them改为which, 此处为非限制性定语从句。 处去掉turned。turn off为短暂性动词短语，在此处不合句意。 处将thinking改为thought,此处应为被动语态。 处去掉it，此处as引导非限制性定语从句。【范文】Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of imagination. I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world. He had more than 1000 inventions. In his little time, he was always eager to know how things worked, which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizard of Meio Park”. He was also so diligent that he worked day and night. And this explained why he had so many inventions. What impresses me most is his famous saying, “genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration”. Probably I cannot be an Edison myself, but I can be a hardworking learner. From him, I realize the secret to success is not when and where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life. 【即学即练】1.假如你们班这期的黑板报需要一篇关于德国作曲家贝多芬（Ludwig van Beethoven）的生平的文章，请根据以下表格写一篇人物简介：人物：Beethoven生平事迹出生日期、地点1770年12月诞生于德国波恩（Bonn）；童年时期自幼跟从父亲学音乐。很早就显露了音乐才能，八岁开始登台演出；成年后18岁时母亲去世，开始担负抚养两个弟弟的责任；在事业获得巨大成功的同时深受耳聋折磨；1827年死去；作品一生完成了一百多部作品，其中有交响乐9部，至今还影响着人们。要求：1.字数150左右 2. 参考词汇 交响乐：symphony 作曲家：composer 作品：masterpiece 3. 不可照译，可以适当扩展二 介绍地点1. 介绍地点，有四项基本要求：一是抓住此处所的基本特征；二是要遵循一定的顺序，使文章条理清楚，中心突出；三是要运用恰当的方法进行说明；最后是语言要做到准确无误。我们常用的方法有列数字、做比较、打比方、举例子、引资料等。遣词造句不可过分渲染或模棱两可，要简洁、明白。尤其要注意方位词的准确运用。2. 学习并牢记下面的短语和句型表空间顺序in front of, in the front of, at the back of, on the right（left）side，close to , next to, opposite, across, inside, outside, in （to）the south / east / west / north, on one side , on the other side（of）表方位1. There is a tall shelf on the left of my room. （on the right of, in the front of, near the window, ）2. Above the bed, there is a large painting of the blue sea. （On the right of the room,）3. Next to it is a bed. （In front of it, At the back of, In the middle of, To the right of ）4. They are opposite the door. （on the left / right of the room.）5. The office building is in the east of the campus. （in the south of, to the west of, in front of, behind, at the back of, ）6. The monument, which was built in 1894, stands in the center of the square.描述国家，城市等7. China is located in Asia. （be situatedbe surrounded by, lie to the east of