2018中考反身代词专题训练

1 初二英语培优补差 一 反身代词的用法反身代词的用法 一 概念概念 反身代词又称为自身代词 表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身 它还可以在句中起 到强调的作用 用以加强语气 2 2 构成 构成 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 单单 数数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 三 用法三 用法 1 1 作宾语 作宾语 指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物 如如 Maria bought herself a scarf 玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾 玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾 We must look after ourselves very well 我们必须好好照顾自己 我们必须好好照顾自己 2 2 作表语 作表语 指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物 如 如 She isn t quite herself today 她今天有点不舒服 她今天有点不舒服 3 3 作同位语作同位语 1 1 作主语的同位语 作主语的同位语 如 如 She herself will fly to London tomorrow 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦 She will fly to London herself tomorrow 2 作宾语的同位语 作宾语的同位语 I met the writer himself last week 我上周见到了那位作家本人 我上周见到了那位作家本人 四 四 用在某些固定短语当中 用在某些固定短语当中 look after oneself take care of oneself 照顾自己照顾自己 teach oneself sth learn sth by oneself 自学自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴 过得愉快玩得高兴 过得愉快 help oneself to sth 请自用请自用 随便吃 随便吃 喝些喝些 hurt oneself 摔伤自己摔伤自己 say to oneself 自言自语自言自语 lose oneself in 沉浸于 陶醉于沉浸于 陶醉于 之中之中 leave sb by oneself 把某人单独留下把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth 给自己买给自己买 东西东西 introduce oneself 介绍介绍 自己自己 2 温馨提醒温馨提醒 1 反身代词不能单独做主语 但可以做主语的同位语 起强调作用 如 我自己能完成作业 如 我自己能完成作业 误 误 Myself can finish my homework 正正 I myself can finish my homework 2 反身代词表示 某人自己 不能表示 某人的东西 因为它没有所有格的形式 表 达 某人自己的 东西 时 须要用 one s own 如 我用我自己的蜡笔画画 如 我用我自己的蜡笔画画 误 误 I m drawing with myself crayons 正正 I m drawing with my own crayons 5 精题分析精题分析 1 Who teaches English No one I teach A you myself B your myself C you me 答案 答案 A A 解析解析 代词的用法 考查宾格代词和反身代词的使用 代词的用法 考查宾格代词和反身代词的使用 teach sb sth 教教 某人某事某人某事 物物 双宾语 双宾语 teach oneself 自学自学 的意思 故选择的意思 故选择 A 2 Help to some cakes Jim Thank you A you B your C yourself D yourselves 答案 答案 解析解析 反身代词 反身代词 Help oneself to 意为意为 随便吃点随便吃点 Jim 是一个人 应该用是一个人 应该用 yourself 故答案选故答案选 C 3 How was your visit to the World Park in Beijing Wonderful We enjoyed very much A itself B myself C yourselves D ourselves 答案答案 D 解析解析 enjoy oneself 玩的高兴 玩的高兴 we 的反身代词是的反身代词是 ourselves 故答案选故答案选 D 4 How did your uncle learn to play the guitar By A myself B yourself C herself D Himself 答案 答案 D 解析解析 反身代词的用法 反身代词的用法 by 后加反身代词 表示后加反身代词 表示 某人自己的某人自己的 主语为 主语为 your uncle 故用故用 himself 5 I could look after when I was five Really I can t believe it A myself B herself C himself D yourself 答案 答案 A 解析解析 考查反身代词的用法 句意 当我五岁时 我能照顾好我自己 考查反身代词的用法 句意 当我五岁时 我能照顾好我自己 真的吗 我不相信 真的吗 我不相信 look after oneself 照顾某人自己 照顾某人自己 6 Teenagers should learn to protect from all kinds of danger A them B they C their D themselves 答案 答案 D 解析解析 考查代词辨析 考查代词辨析 them 意为意为 他们他们 作宾格 作宾格 they 意为意为 他们他们 作主格 作主格 their 意为意为 他们的他们的 作形容词性物主代词 后面跟名词 作形容词性物主代词 后面跟名词 themselves 意为意为 他们自己他们自己 作 作 反身代词 句意为反身代词 句意为 青少年应该学会保护自己免受各种危险 青少年应该学会保护自己免受各种危险 protect oneself 意为意为 保护自保护自 己己 故选 故选 D 7 Can you cook by Yes I can cook well A you B yours C yourself 3 答案 答案 C 解析解析 本题考查代词的用法 本题考查代词的用法 by yourself 表示单独地 独自地 根据题意 表示单独地 独自地 根据题意 你能独自烹饪吗 你能独自烹饪吗 是的 我能做得很好 故本题选是的 我能做得很好 故本题选 C 8 Help to some fruits Thank you A yourself B Your C You 答案 答案 A 解析解析 反身代词的用法 反身代词的用法 Help oneself to sth 意为意为 请随意吃 自便请随意吃 自便 这是招待 这是招待 客人的常用语 句意 客人的常用语 句意 请随便吃水果 请随便吃水果 谢谢 谢谢 故选 故选 A 9 I Believe I Can Fly is a nice song by R Kelly This song tells us that believing in is very important A themselves B ourselves C itself 答案 答案 B 解析解析 考查反身代词考查反身代词 这里告诉我们 第一人称 是我们相信我们自己这里告诉我们 第一人称 是我们相信我们自己 10 Nobody teaches me English I learn it all by A I B my C myself D me 答案 答案 C 解析解析 考查反身代词的用法 根据句意 没有教我英语 我自学的 考查反身代词的用法 根据句意 没有教我英语 我自学的 By 反身反身 代词表示某人自己代词表示某人自己 亲自 主语为亲自 主语为 I 所以用所以用 myself 七 精题练习七 精题练习 一 选择 一 选择 1 Those girls enjoyed in the party last night A them B they C themselves D herself 2 Help to some fish children A yourself B your C yours D yourselves 3 The film is very fun A it s B itself C it D its 4 Who teaches math I teach A your myself B you myself C you me D you herself 5 The father will make a bike A her himself B she himself C her herself D she herself 6 The scarf is she made it A herself her B herself hers C hers herself D her herse 7 Liu Hulan s death was great She thought more of others than A her B she C hers D herself 8 Luckily he didn t hurt terribly yesterday A him B Themselves C himself D they 4 10 I like watching in the mirror A me B I C my D Myself 2 用所给词的适当形式填空 用所给词的适当形式填空 1 We can t only think of we we should think of others 2 Students should be strict with they 3 Did the enjoy them in the party last 4 Help you to some vegetables Jim and Jack 5 The artist he will come to our school next week 7 The cat in the mirror is it 8 I bought I a new dictionary the day before yesterday 9 I my agree with you 10 The little boy is only four he could wash he and get dressed 二 动词不定式专项练习二 动词不定式专项练习 一 动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语 1 It s our duty the room every day A to clean B cleaned C clean D cleans 2 It s hard for us English well A learn B learns C to learn D learning 3 建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间 It will the workers over a year the flyover 4 It s very nice you to get me two tickets the World Cup A for of B of for C to for D of to Keys 1 A 2 C 3 take to build 4 B 5 简析 动词不定式作主语时 可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置 也可 以用先行词 it 作形式主语 而将真正的主语 不定式 置于后面 常见的句式有 1 It is 形容词 of sb to do sth 2 It is 名词 for sb to do sth 3 It takes sb some time to do sth 4 It is 形容词 for sb to do sth 句式 1 中常用 nice kind clever good right wrong foolish careless 等形容词 与介词 of 搭配 这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质 句式 4 中常用 hard difficult easy important 等形容词 与介词 for 搭配 表示不定式表示的动作 行为的性质 注意 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一 个不定式作表语时 不能用 It is to 的句型 It s for sb 和 It s of sb 1 for sb 常用于表示事物的特征特点 表示客观形式的形 容词 如 easy hard difficult interesting impossible 等 It s very hard for him to study two languages 对他来说学两门外语是很难的 2 of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格 品德 表示主观感情或态度的形容词 如 good kind nice clever foolish right It s very nice of you to help me 你来帮助我 你真是太好了 for 与与 of 的辨别方法 的辨别方法 用介词后面的代词作主语 用介词前边的形容词作表语 造个句子 如果道理上通顺用 of 不通则用 for 如 You are nice 通顺 所以 应用 of He is hard 人是困难的 不通 因此应用 for A It is right to stop killing wild animals B It is the best time to visit USA in summer C It is helpful for us to learn English well 二 动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语 1 He wants some vegetables A buy B buying C to buy D buys 2 Don t forget your homework with you when you come to school A to bring B bringing C to take D taking 3 He found it very difficult A sleeping B sleepsC slept D to fall asleep 6 Keys 1 C 2 A 3 D 简析 在 want like agree hope wish learn begin start seem decide hate choose forget remember 等动词后面 可以接不 定式作宾语 如果其后接形容词补足语时 则可以用 it 作形式宾语 而把作真 正宾语的不定式放到后面 Sb V it 形式宾语 agj 形容词 to V 宾语 注意无 BE 动词 三 动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语 1 Robert often asks us his Chinese so his Chinese is much better than before A help him B to help him with C to help with D helps him with 2 Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends Chinese food A cook B cooks C to cook D cooked Key 1 B 2 C 简析 不定式可以用作宾语补足语 后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词 有 ask teach expect tell allow 等 四 动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语 1 She went her teacher A to see B looks C saw D seeing 2 Meimei likes English very much She does her best English well A learn B learning C to learn D learns Key 1 A 2 C 简析 go come try do try one s best 等动词或短语动词作谓语时 其 后常常可以接不定式作目的状语 3 I m sorry that A hears B hearing C hear D to hear 4 I m sorry you A trouble B to trouble C troubling D troubled 5 My mother was very glad her old friend A to meet B meet C met D meets 7 Keys 3 D 4 B 5 A 简析 be 形容词 to do sth 结构中的不定式作状语 常表示原因或方式 6 The panda is so large that it can t go through the hole 同义句 The hole such a large panda to go through 7 The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn t skate on it 同义句 The ice on the lake wasn t enough people Keys 6 is too small for 7 thick for to skate on 简析 在上述 to 形容词 副词 for sb to do 太 而不能 和 enough for sb to do 足以 足够 做 结构中 不定式作结果状语 so such that 如此 以 致 的用法及与其它句型的互换 A Sb Sth be V so adj adv a an adj n that can t couldn t Sb Sth be V too adj adv for Sb Sth to V 如此 以致 太 而 不能 B so that to in order to V 动词 that 从句 为了 以便于 C Sb Sth be so adj 形容词 a an n V adv 副词 so little many much such a an adj n 名形容词 名词 that can ould Sb Sth be V adj adv enough 足够的 to V 如此 以致于 足够 干 如 他太年轻了而不能去上学 A He is too young to go to school B He is so young that he can t go to school C He is n t old enough to go to school D He is so a young boy that he can t go to school 1 The water is dirty the animals can t drink it A too to B so that C such that D n t enough to 2 The computer cost much money I can t afford to buy it A too to B so that C such that D n t enough to Key B 因 money 前有 much 所以不能用 such 五 动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语 1 Would you like something A drink B drinking C to drink D drinks 8 2 I have a lot of homework A do B doing C did D to do 3 He is not an easy man A get on B to get on C get on with D to get on with Key 1 C 2 D 3 D 简析 不定式作定语时 常放在被修饰的词语之后 与 被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系 如果不定式的动词是不及物动 词