高考英语虚拟语气练习及详解

虚拟语气 一 考点聚焦 1 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 1 表示与现在事实相反的假设 条件状语从句中的谓语动词用 过去式 be 动词的 过去式用 were 而主句中的谓语动词用 would should could might 动词原形 如 If I were a boy I would join the army If the had time she should go with you 2 表示与过去的事实相反 条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时 主句中的 谓语动词则用 would should might could have 过去分词 如 If he had taken my advice he would have succeeded in the competition 3 表示与将来事实相反 条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或 should were to 动词原形 而主句中的谓语动词则用 would should could might 动词原形 如 If it were to rain tomorrow the football match would be put off 4 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时 动词的 形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整 如 If they had worked hard they would be very tired 从句说的是过去 主句指的是现在 以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时 主句和从句谓语动词的形式 条件状语从句主 句 与过去事实相 反 had 过去分词 should would could might have 过 去分词 与现在事实相 反 一般过去时 be 用 were would should could might 动词原形 与将来事实相 反 一般过去时或 should were to 动词原形 Would should cold might 动词原形 有时侯在使用时可省略 if 句子则可换成下列形式 即 were had should 主语 如 Were I a boy I would join the army Had he taken my advice he would have succeeded Were it not for the expense I would go to Britain 2 虚拟语气用于名词性从句 1 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用 wish 宾语从句 表示不能实现的愿望 译为 要是 就好了 等 表示现在不能 实现的愿望 从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时 表示将来不能实现的愿望 从句中的谓语 动词用 would could 动词原形 表示过去不能实现的愿望 从句中的谓语动词用 had 过去分词 或 could should have 过去分词 如 I wish it were spring all the year round I wish I had known the answer I wish I could fly like a bird 在表示建议 要求 命令等的动词 suggest advise propose demand require insist request command order 等后的宾语从 句中 谓语动词用 should 动词原形或是动词原形 如 She suggested we should leave here at once The doctor ordered she should be operated 2 虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用 作表示建议 要求 命令等的名词 advise idea order demand plan proposal suggestion request 等的表语从句和同位语 从句 从句中的谓语动词用 should 动词原形 如 His suggestion that we should go to Shanghai is wonderful My idea is that they should pay 100 dollars 3 虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用 在主语从句中 谓语动词的虚拟语气用 should 动词原形 的结构 表示惊奇 不相 信 理应如此等 如 It is necessary important natural strange etc that we should clean the room every day It was a pity a shame no wonder etc that you should be so careless It will be desired suggested decided ordered requested proposed etc that she should finish her homework this afternoon 注意 这种从句表示的是事实 如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感 就可用虚拟 语气 反之 如果不表示惊奇等情感 that 从句也可用陈述句语气 如 It is pity that you can t swim 3 虚拟语气在其他场合的运用 1 虚拟语气在 as if as though even if even though 等引导的表语从句或状语从句中 如果从句表示的动作发生在过去 用过去完成时 指现在状况 则用一般过去时 指将来 状况则用过去将来时 如 He did it as if he were an expert Even if she were here she could not solve the problem 2 虚拟语气用于定语从句中 这种从句常用于句型 It is high time that 中 定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时 be 用 were 或 should 动词原形 意思是 现在 该 如 It s time that I picked up my daughter It s high time we were going 3 虚拟语气用在 if only 引导的感叹句中 如 If only I were a bird If only I had taken his advice 4 虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用 情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时 表示说话人谦虚 客气 有礼貌或语气委婉 常出现在日常会话中 如 It would be better for you not to stay up too late Would you be kind enough to close the door 用于一些习惯表达法中 如 Would you like a cup of tea I would rather not tell you 二 精典名题导解 选择填空 1 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water it looks as if it NMET 95 A breaks B has broken C were broken D had been broken 解析 答案为 C 本题考查的是 as if 引导的让步状语从句中的语气问题 as if 引导的 状语从句如果与事实一致 不用虚拟语气 如果与事实相反 应用虚拟语气 题中 当铅笔 的一部分浸在水中 铅笔看上去好像断了 而实际上铅笔并未断 与事实相反 前半部分 陈述是一般现在时 因而本句是对一般现在时的虚拟 用 were broken 2 I didn t see your sister at the meeting If she she would have met my brother NMET 94 A has come B did come C came D had come 解析 答案为 D 本题考查的是 if 条件句中的虚拟语气 题意是 我在会议上没看到 你姐姐 故你姐姐没来 因此如果 她来了 与事实相反 前面一句交代了虚拟语气的时态 是一般过去时的虚拟 所以 if 从句中用 had 过去分词 3 If he he that food Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately NMET 93 A was warned would not take B had been warned would not have taken C would be warned had not taken D would have been warned had not taken 解析 答案为 B 本题考查的是条件状语从句与主句表示与事实相反时虚拟语气的用 法 根据下一句语境可知 他事先并没有得到警告 表示过去时间的虚拟语气 故选 B 虚拟语气虚拟语气 1 I enjoyed the movie very much I wish I the book from which it was made A have read B had read C should have read D am reading 2 You are late If you a few minutes earlier you him A came Would meetB had come Would have met C come Will meet D had come would meet 3 I can t stand him He always talks as though he everything A knew B knows C has know D had known 4 His doctor suggested that he short trip abroad A will take B would take C take D took 5 We might have failed if you us a helping hand A have not given B would not give C had not given D did not give 6 The law requires that everyrone his car checked at least once a month A has B have C had D will have 7 He was busy yesterday otherwise he to the meeting A would come B would have been C could have been D would be 8 If there were no subjunctive mood English much easier A will be B would have been C could have been D would be 9 the fog we should have reached our schoo1 A Because of B In spite of C In case of D But for 10 What will you do during winter vacation I don t know but it s about time something A I decided B I ll decide C I d decided D I m deciding 11 He was very busy yesterday otherwise he to your birthday party A would come B came C would have come D should come 12 The two strangers talked as if they friends for years A should be B had been C have been D were 13 Look What you ve done You have been more careful A should B may C ought D would 14 Without electricity what A will the world be like B would the world be like C the world will be like D the World Would be like 15 With your ability you out the puzzle within a few minutes A could have worked B need have worked B C ought have worked D must have worked 16 My suggestion is that the sick boy to hospital as soon as possible A is taken B must be taken C be taken D has to be taken 17 If we had not missed the bus we lunch at home now A would have had B would have C must be having D would be having 18 here yesterday he would attend the lecture with us today A Had he been B If he were C Were he D Should be he 19 His tired face suggested that he really tired after the 1ong walk A had been B was C be D should be 20 Do you feel that I the problem in a different way the other day A should come B should have solved C have solved D solved 21 0ur chairman hasn t come yet If he on time we would have to put off the meeting A should come B would come C shouldn t come D doesn t come 22 He insisted that he really very tried and that he to have a rest A was be allowed B was must be allowed C should be must be allowed D should be be allowed 23 He did his best in everything he would not have been what he was A and B but C otherwise D but that 24 I do I could give you a hand A hope B wish C expect D think 25 I Would rather she tomorrow than today A come B came C should D has come 26 The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rules A obeys B obey C will obey D Would obey 27 I her if I thought she would understand A would tell B will tell C Would have to1d D told 28 The teacher requires Rose by heart 15 English words each day A 1earn B to learn C must learn D 1earning 29 If he he that food Luckily he was sent to the hospita1 immediate1y A Was warmed would not take B had been warmed wou1d not have taken C would be warmed had not taken D would have been warmed had not taken 30 Without electricity human life quite different today A is B will be C would have been D Would be 虚拟语气 l 5 BBACC 6 10 BBDDA 11 15 CBABA 16 20 CDABBD 21 25 CACBB 26 30 BCBBD 虚拟语气强化训练 1 Were it not for the snowy weather we all right A would be B would have been C were D may be 2 more careful his ship would not have sunk A If the captain were B Had the captain been C Should the captain be D If the captain would have been 3 If he me tomorrow I would let him know A should call B should not have been able C were not able D are not able 4 If you asked your father you permission A may get B might get C should have called D maybe get 5 today he would get there by Friday A Would he leave B Was he leaving C Were he to leave D If he leaves 6 I you I would go with him to the party A Was B Had been C Will be D Were 7 Had Paul received six more votes in the last election he our chairman now A must have been B would have been C were D would be 8 the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday A In spite of B But for C Because of D As for 9 Look at the terrible situation I am in If only I your advice A follow B would follow C had followed D have followed 10 If the horse won today it thirty races in five years A would have won B won C must have won D did have won 11 There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened a sudden loud noise A being there B should there be C there was D there having been 12 If you hadn t taken such a long time to get dressed we d there by now A be B circles C is circling D be circling 13 I wish I with her A would be B am C was D were 14 The picture exhibition bored me to death I wish I to it A had not gone B have not gone C did not go D can not have gone 15 George would certainly have attended the meeting A if he didn t get a flat tire B if the flat tire hadn t happened C had he not had a flat tire D had the tire not flattened itself 16 The teacher suggested that her students experiences with ESP A write a composition on their B to write composition about the C wrote some compositions of his or her D had written any compositions for his 17 He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he a Chinese A were B had been C is D has been 18 Looking round the town he felt as though he away for ages A has been B was C is D had been 19 Most insurance agents would rather you anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation A do B don t C didn t D didn t do 20 It is important that the TOEFL office your registration A will confirm B confirm C confirms D must confirm 21 Without electronic computers much of today s advanced technology A will not have been achieved B have not been achieved C would not have been achieved D had not been achieved 22 He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he a Chinese A were B had been C is D has been 23 It is time that the government measures to protect the rare birds and animals A takes B took C has taken D taking 24 Some people are too particular about school records insisting that every applicant all diplomas from elementary school to university A has B will have C should have D must have 25 He was very busy yesterday otherwise he to the meeting A would come B came C would have come D had come 26 If I had seen the movie I you all about it now A would tell B will tell C have told D would have told 27 I had hoped that John a year in Africa but he stayed there only for three months A spends B spent C would spend D will spend 28 It s high time they this road A mend B mended C must have mended D will mend 29 It s about time people notice of what women did during the war A take B took C have taken D will take 30 He s working hard for fear that he A should fall behind B fell behind C may fall behind D would fall behind 31 In the past men generally preferred that their wives in the home A worked B would work C work D were working 32 For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one it requires that the child psychologically ready for the new idea A is B were C be D would be 33 Your advice that till next week is reasonable A she waits B she wait C wait she D she waited 34 It was essential that we lease before the end of the month A sing B singed C had signed D were signing 35 I advised that the sick child a hospital as soon as possible A should send to B should be sent C be went to D must be sent to 36 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay be 20 percent A be raised B would be raised C raised D raise 37 The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rules A obeys B obey C will obey D would obey 38 My suggestion is that she more exercise which will do a lot of good to her A takes B must take C take D took 39 If only I driving before A learn B learned C had learned D would learn 40 she yesterday she would meet the famous singer today A If didn t leave B Had not leftC Hadn t leftD Didn t leave 答案 1 20 ABABC DDBCA BADAC AADDB 21 40 CDBCC ACBBA CCBAC ABCCC 高考虚拟语气 1 If he he that food Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately A was warned would not takeB had been warned would not have taken C would be warned had not takenD would have been warned had not taken 2 I didn t see your sister at the meeting If she she would have met my brother A has c