2019-2020学年高中英语 综合过关检测（二） 牛津译林版选修8

1 综合过关检测综合过关检测 二二 时间 100 分钟 满分 120 分 第一部分 阅读理解 共两节 满分 40 分 第一节 共 15 小题 每小题 2 分 满分 30 分 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的 a b c 和 d 四个选项中 选出最佳选项 a a over 100 years ago german immigrants 移民 first started selling hot dogs at places like coney island s nathan s famous this is the place where hot dogs were first sold in america but then something interesting happened people began making their own hot dogs and people of every region put its unique things on the snack so what are america s best hot dogs on our search for america s best hot dogs we kept an eye out for places with a unique style of hot dogs we made sure of considering online reviews from locals as well as the quality of the ingredients 原料 we also considered the entire experience from driving up to the restaurant or stand to placing your order to taking that first bite we sorted through dozens of hot dog stands and restaurants in search of the best in america in order to be included the vendor needed to have a trademark 商标 dog with toppings that add something extra for example ben s chili bowl in washington d c doesn t only have a trademark frank the half smoke but it also has a trademark topping chili it is thought highly of by locals and professional eaters alike and eating there is a great experience for these reasons it s high on our list sadly there were some famous stands that didn t make the cut while the original nathan s famous in coney island might very well be the most well known hot dog stand in america it didn t win a place on our best american hot dog list the stands that serve the best hot dogs are those ancient stands that have been serving the same exact product day in and day out for many years people usually have to wait in line for one hot dog from such stands 解题导语 喜爱热狗的美国人做了一个调查 发现提供最好热狗的是那些老字号 店 1 when americans began making their own hot dogs they a learned from each other 2 b made hot dogs that looked very interesting c developed their own style of hot dogs d asked for advice from nathan s famous c c 解析 细节理解题 根据第一段的 people began making their own hot dogs and people of every region put its unique things on the snack 可知 人们开始 制作热狗时 他们形成了自己独特的风格 2 which might not be considered to find the best american hot dogs a the whole experience b the cost of the hot dog c reviews on the internet d whether it has a unique style b b 解析 推理判断题 根据第二段的内容可知 a c d 三项的内容都有提到 但并 没有提到价格因素 3 ben s chili bowl in washington d c is most probably a popular b expensive c big d new a a 解析 推理判断题 根据第三段的 it is thought highly of by locals and professional eaters alike and eating there is a great experience for these reasons it s high on our list 可推断 这家热狗店很受欢迎 4 the underlined part in paragraph 4 means some famous stands a didn t cut their hot dogs b failed to appear on the list c weren t really that famous d didn t change their hot dogs b b 解析 句意理解题 根据第四段 nathan s famous 的例子可知 画线部分的意思 是指一些著名的热狗店并没有出现在最好吃热狗的名单上 b b rob greenfield is an american he describes himself as an adventurer and an activist he really cares about the world and its environment and is always looking for ways to inspire people to keep the world healthy one of his most recent activities was to help people become more aware of the amount of trash 垃圾 they produce he called this activity trash me we usually place our trash in a large plastic 塑料的 bag when the bag is full we tie it up and place it somewhere with everyone else s trash like 3 magic it disappears and we have no idea what happens to it maybe we never think about it rob learnt that most americans create about two kilos of trash each day if we could reduce this amount there would be a huge benefit to our environment but how do you make people aware of this he had an unusual idea he changed himself to wear every piece of trash he created over thirty days multiply two kilos of trash by 30 days in a month and you have around 60 kilos of additional weight to carry around he made a suit that would enable him to do this and began walking the streets of new york i noticed that everywhere you walk you hear or see buy buy buy consume consume consume no one has any idea how much waste they are creating people would see rob walking around and be curious about what he was doing with every explanation he hoped to get at least one more person to think about the waste they were creating rob lives a near zero waste lifestyle outside of trash me in the high consumption world that we live in today this may seem unreasonable but rob believes that with the right mindset it is possible to create far less waste and live a healthier life reduce reuse recycle and refuse on regular basis your small efforts will go a long way 解题导语 本文是一篇记叙文 文章介绍了 rob greenfield 为唤醒人们的环保意 识 穿着垃圾制成的衣服在大街上游行 5 what do we know about rob greenfield a he works as a local cleaner b he can perform magic with trash c he is an environmental advocator d he creates works of art with trash c c 解析 推理判断题 根据第一段中的 he really cares about the world and its environment inspire people to keep the world healthy 可推断 rob greenfield 是位环保倡议者 6 what did rob greenfield want to show through trash me a americans make large amounts of trash b trash affects people s normal daily life c trash can be recycled in a specific way d americans know little about trash a a 解析 细节理解题 根据第一段中的 help people become more aware of the 4 amount of trash 垃圾 they produce trash me 和第二段中的 rob learnt that most americans create about two kilos of trash each day 可知 通过 trash me rob greenfield 想让人们知道他们每天制造很多垃圾 7 what was rob greenfield s activity about a recycling trash for clothes b collecting waste across america c producing environment friendly bags d walking in the street with a trash made suit d d 解析 细节理解题 根据第二段中的 wear every piece of trash he created 和 he made a suit that would enable him to do this and began walking the streets of new york 可知 rob greenfield 把由垃圾制成的衣服穿在身上去街上游行 8 how did people like rob greenfield s activity at first a they were doubtful about it b they were frightened by it c they were interested in it d they were moved by it c c 解析 细节理解题 根据第三段中的 people would see rob walking around and be curious about what he was doing 可知 路人很好奇 rob greenfield 在做什么 因 此对他的行为感兴趣 c c over the next decade technology will decimate more jobs in many professions some robots already cost less to operate than the salaries of the humans they replace and they are getting cheaper boston consulting group predicts that by 2025 the operating cost of a robot that does welding 焊接 will be less than ds 2 per hour for example that s more affordable than the ds 25 per hour that a human welder earns today in america uber and many other companies are working on developing cars and trucks that don t need a driver in the driver s seat according to the american trucking associations approximately 3 million truck drivers were employed in the united states in 2010 and 6 8 million others were employed in other jobs relating to trucking activity so roughly one of every 15 workers in the country is employed in the trucking business we could be talking about millions of jobs disappearing in the early 2020s 5 and then there is the gig economy 零工经济 that has some businesses moving toward part time on demand employment uber has already done this to taxi drivers and other technology companies are doing it to a wide range of jobs a study by intuit predicted that by 2020 40 of american workers will be self employed and that full time jobs will be harder to find we are talking about 60 million people in this category the problem is that not only do such part time workers lack reliable full time jobs and sick pay but they can t enjoy health insurance and longer term benefits the measures to be taken are to raise trade barriers but closing the doors to foreign trade won t bring jobs back it will only slow the global economy and hurt american exports shrinking the u s economy and accelerating job loss 解题导语 本文是一篇说明文 文章介绍了随着科技的发展 高科技将逐渐摧毁 更多行业的就业机会 企业使用高科技进行生产的成本会越来越低 零工经济 正在来临 9 the underlined word decimate in paragraph 1 can be replaced by a make someone interested in b equip someone for c wipe out d bring back c c 解析 词义猜测题 根据第二段中的 some robots already cost less to operate than the salaries of the humans they replace and they are getting cheaper 一些机器人运行的费用比它们所代替的人的工资少 它们正变得越来越便宜 可知 画线词所在句意为 在接下来的十年时间里 技术将逐渐摧毁更多行业的就业机会 故选 c 10 what will happen with technologies developing according to the text a robots will become smarter and smarter b uber s labor cost will be lower and lower c more and more truck drivers will be needed d taxi drivers can enjoy more insurance health b b 解析 推理判断题 根据第二段中的 some robots already cost less to operate than the salaries of the humans they replace and they are getting cheaper 一些机器人运行的费用比它们所代替的人的工资少 它们正变得越来越便宜 6 及倒数第二段中的 and then there is the gig economy 零工经济 that has some businesses moving toward part time on demand employment uber has already done this to taxi drivers and other technology companies are doing it to a wide range of jobs 可推知 uber 公司的劳动力成本将越来越低 a 选项文中没有涉及 c d 选项与文中陈述不符 故选 b 11 which of the following does the writer agree on a welcoming foreign trade b offering more part time jobs c using fewer robots to stop job loss d developing more new technologies a a 解析 推理判断题 根据倒数第一段中的 the measures to be taken are to raise trade barriers but closing the doors to foreign trade won t bring jobs back 可采取的措施是要提高贸易壁垒 但关闭对外贸易的大门不会带回工作岗位 可推 知 作者认为我们应该欢迎对外贸易 故选 a 12 what s the writer s main purpose in writing the text a to show technology advances in our daily life b to prove technologies cause low incomes c to introduce what the gig economy is d to warn the gig economy is coming d d 解析 写作意图题 通读全文可知 文章介绍了随着科技的发展 高科技将逐渐摧 毁更多行业的就业机会 企业使用高科技进行生产的成本会越来越低 零工经济 正在来 临 故选 d d d dear alfred i want to tell you how important your help is to my life growing up i had people telling me i was too slow though with an iq of 150 at 17 i m anything but stupid the fact was that i was found to have adhd 注意力缺陷多动障碍 anxious all the time i was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time however when something did interest me i could become absorbed in high school i became curious about the computer and built my first website moreover i completed the senior course of computer basics plus five relevant pre college courses while i was exploring my curiosity my disease got worse i wanted to go to 7 college after high school but couldn t so i was killing my time at home until june 2012 when i discovered the online computer courses of your training center since then i have taken courses like data science and advanced mathematics currently i m learning your probability course i have hundreds of printer paper covered in self written notes from your videos this has given me a purpose last year i spent all my time looking for a job where without dealing with the public i could work alone but still have a team to talk to luckily i discovered the job data analyst this month and have been going full steam ahead i want to prove that i can teach myself a respectful profession without going to college and be just as good as if not better than my competitors thank you you ve given me hope that i can follow my heart for the first time i feel good about myself because i m doing something not because someone told me i was doing good i feel whole this is why you re saving my life yours tanis 解题导语 本文是一封邮件 文中介绍了作者患有多动症 因为不能集中注意力 所以无法上大学 作者在家通过网络自学了计算机知识 并找到了心仪的工作 作者认为 自己能够和同龄人做得一样好 13 why didn t tanis go to college after high school a she had learned enough about computer science b she had more difficulty keeping focused c she preferred taking online courses d she was too slow to learn b b 解析 细节理解题 根据第二段的 the fact was that i was found to have adhd 注意力缺陷多动障碍 anxious all the time i was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time 及第四段的 my disease got worse i wanted to go to college after high school but couldn t 可知 我 的多动症加重了 无法集中注意力 无法上大学 故选 b 14 as for the working environment tanis prefers a working by herself b dealing with the public 8 c competing against others d staying with adhd students a a 解析 细节理解题 根据倒数第三段 without dealing with the public 排除 b 根据接下来的 i could work alone but still have a team to talk to 可知 我 不想处理复杂的人际关系 想单独工作 故选 a 15 tanis wrote this letter in order to a explain why she was interested in the computer b share the ideas she had for her profession c show how grateful she was to the center d describe the courses she had taken so far c c 解析 写作意图题 根据倒数第二段 thank you you ve given me hope that i can follow my heart for the first time i feel good about myself 可知 作者写信的目的是表达感谢 故选 c 第二节 共 5 小题 每小题 2 分 满分 10 分 根据短文内容 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 选项中有两项为 多余选项 injuries and deaths caused by driving after drinking are preventable sadly actions by the police can only catch a small number of drunk drivers on the roads it is up to each person to make the decisions 16 so we should help guide our friends and persuade them to avoid driving after drinking here are some tips start talking to the person early with every drink judgment becomes increasingly uncontrolled 17 so as soon as your friend starts drinking you should try to persuade him to make a plan to get home safely remember after he gets drunk he may not listen to you help the person realize he is drunk talk to him and show him that he is increasingly clumsy 18 for example ask who you can call to pick him up or what public transport he would like to use if he knows he is drunk he may follow your advice make last efforts if all else fails and a drunken person wants to drive home threaten to call the police or take his keys 19 when he is not concentrated take his keys this may make it easier to convince him to take a cab home remember don t give him the keys even if he s angry 20 if you once drove home after you got drunk your friend may 9 not listen to you so in order to succeed in persuading your friend to avoid driving after drinking you should behave yourself first a ask him where his keys are b set a good role model c give him an alternative way to get home d but it isn t easy to make the right decisions e make him realize drinking makes him look like a fool f the police will come to help you out once you call them g it means the more one drinks the less likely that he will listen to you 解题导语 本文主要对如何说服朋友不要酒驾提出了四条建议 尽早与这个人谈 谈 帮助他意识到自己喝醉了 做最后的努力 树立好榜样 16 d d 解析 空格上文阐述酒后驾驶导致受伤和死亡是可预见的 因此每一个人都要 做出决定阻止酒驾的时候到了 d 项中的 decision 与此处话题一致 因此推断 d 项 但 是做出正确的决定不容易 符合语境 故选 d 17 g g 解析 根据空格上文可知 随着喝酒 判断力成为越来越不受控制的 因此推 断 那意味着一个人喝的越多 他就越不可能听你的话 故选 g 18 c c 解析 根据空格下文的例子 问问他你可以给谁打电话来接他或者他想使用哪 种公共交通工具 这些都是送人回家的方式 因此推断 c 项 给他选择另一种回家的方式 符合语境 故选 c 19 a a 解析 根据空格上下文可知 如果喝醉的人想开车回家 威胁他给警察打电话 或者趁他不注意的时候 拿走他的钥匙 因此推断 a 项 问他钥匙在哪里 符合上下文语 境 故选 a 20 b b 解析 空格处为段落标题 本段讲述如果你自己曾经酒驾 你的朋友可能不会 听你的 因此为了成功说服朋友不要酒驾 首先自己要做到不要酒驾 要以身作则 因此 推断本段建议要树立好的榜样 故选 b 第二部分 语言知识运用 共两节 满分 45 分 第一节 共 20 小题 每小题 1 5 分 满分 30 分 阅读下面短文 从短文后各题所给的 a b c 和 d 四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项 i was looking through some old photo albums the other day i had 21 done that many times before but i felt a sudden 22 to see them again i found myself 23 so many beautiful memories from my childhood there was my dear nana giving me a thorough 24 when i was a newborn baby there was me and my brother standing in front of the world s ugliest 25 our favorite christmas 10 tree there was my beautiful mom 26 me on her lap then the pictures seemed 27 all of a sudden because my eyes were wet i just couldn t 28 the tears what is going on i 29 i hadn t cried the last time but what was 30 now i soon saw that it was i who changed i had 31 my spirit had walked a little further down the 32 of love i realized as long as they came with a warm heart wet eyes were 33 to be ashamed of i smiled and i felt mom and nana smiling 34 on me from heaven leo buscaglia said i m not afraid of 35 they clean out my eyeballs i think they clean out our 36 as well they help us to wash away our pain fear and grief 悲伤 they help us to 37 our love and goodness they help us to become who we are 38 to be the next time you feel your tears starting just let them 39 life is full of smiles and tears only by allowing them both can we 40 live 解题导语 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文 再次看老相册时 作者重温了童年的一些美 好回忆 并流下了眼泪 作者感悟到生活中充满欢笑和眼泪 只有允许它们两者都存在 我们才能真正地生活 21 a never b ever c already d nearly c c 解析 根据下文的 many times before 以及 i hadn t cried the last time 可知 作者应该不止一次看过这些老相册 故此处表示作者之前已经 already 多次看过这 些老相册了 22 a appeal b sadness c fear d urge d d 解析 此处表示作者突然有再次看老相册的冲动 urge appeal 恳求 sadness 悲伤 fear 害怕 23 a shaping b reliving c escaping d building b b 解析 此处表示作者重温 reliving 了许多来自童年时期的美好回忆 shape 塑 造 escape 逃避 build 建造 24 a bath b speech c hug d survey a a 解析 根据下文的 when i was a newborn baby 可知 此处表示作者还是个新 11 生儿时 奶奶给她彻底洗澡 故选 a 项 25 a and b but c or d as b b 解析 空前的 the world s ugliest 和空后的 our favorite 之间为转折关 系 故用并列连词 but 26 a spinning b possessing c holding d walking c c 解析 根据下文的 on her lap 可知 此处应表示 我漂亮的妈妈把我抱着放在 她的腿上 hold 意为 抱着 托着 符合语境 spin 旋转 possess 拥有 walk 走 遛 27 a beautiful b blank c abnormal d vague d d 解析 上文提到了作者正在看老照片 根据下文的 because my eyes were wet the tears 可知作者流泪了 根据常识可知 此处表示这些老照片变得模糊 vague 了 beautiful 漂亮的 blank 空白的 abnormal 不正常的 28 a fight back b fight with c fight for d fight against a a 解析 根据上文的 because my eyes were wet 和下文的 i hadn t cried the last time but 可知 作者这次看老照片的时候哭了 此处表示作者遏制不住眼 泪 fight back 忍住 抑制住 符合语境 fight with 与 争斗 fight for 努 力争取 fight against 对抗 29 a found b wondered c hesitated d discussed b b 解析 作者以前看老照片没有哭 而这次看老照片却哭了 所以作者想知道 wondered 发生了什么 find 发现 找到 hesitate 犹豫 迟疑 discuss 讨论 30 a heartbreaking b wrong c different d disturbing c c 解析 根据下文的 i soon saw that it was i who changed 可知 作者很快 明白 是她自己和以前不一样了 故之前作者想知道的问题是 现在有什么是不同的呢 故选 c 项 31 a grown b misunderstood c insisted d struggled a a 解析 根据下文的 my spirit had walked a little further down the of 12 love 可知 此处应表示作者的心灵已经在爱的道路 path 上走得更远了一点了 即作者 已经成长 grown 了 32 a feast b path c expectation d circle b b 解析 参见上题解析 feast 宴会 expectation 期望 circle 圈子 33 a everything b something c anything d nothing d d 解析 根据上文的 as long as they came with a warm heart 以及下文的 i smiled 可知 该句表示眼睛含泪没有什么 nothing 可羞愧的 只要它们伴随着一颗温暖 的心而来 34 a forwar