英语专业英译汉课件

Chinese English Translation Course Unit One Error Analysis Part One On the test paper I Choose the one which is proper and idiomatic 1 Our home once full of laughters now deafens us with its silence 译文译文 A 我们的家 曾经充满了欢声笑语 现在却充我们的家 曾经充满了欢声笑语 现在却充 满了令人震耳欲聋的沉寂 满了令人震耳欲聋的沉寂 译文译文 B 我们的家 曾经充满了欢声笑语 现在却十分安我们的家 曾经充满了欢声笑语 现在却十分安 静 静 2 There are few of us but admire his courage 译文译文 A 我们人人都佩服他的勇气 我们人人都佩服他的勇气 译文译文 B 我们中很少有人佩服他的勇气 我们中很少有人佩服他的勇气 3 All cities did not look like as they do today 译文译文 A 在过去 城市面貌并不都像今天这样千篇一律 在过去 城市面貌并不都像今天这样千篇一律 译文译文 B 过去 城市面貌与现在完全不同 过去 城市面貌与现在完全不同 4 To starve oneself emotionally is a mistake 译文译文 A 不满足自己感情上的需要是一种错误 不满足自己感情上的需要是一种错误 译文译文 B 使自己的感情挨饥受饿是一种错误 使自己的感情挨饥受饿是一种错误 5 The boss s girl Friday called me 译文译文 A 老板的女儿星期五打电话给我了 老板的女儿星期五打电话给我了 译文译文 B 老板的女秘书打电话给我了老板的女秘书打电话给我了 6 Marriage bed is full of roses and thorns 译文译文 A 婚姻总是有苦有甜 婚姻总是有苦有甜 译文译文 B 婚姻的花坛里既长鲜花也生荆棘 婚姻的花坛里既长鲜花也生荆棘 7 I never go past that kindergarten but think of my happy childhood there 译文译文 A 每当我走过那所幼儿园 我就回想起在那里度过的每当我走过那所幼儿园 我就回想起在那里度过的 幸福童年 幸福童年 译文译文 B 尽管我从未经过那所幼儿园 但是我回想起在那里度过的幸福童年尽管我从未经过那所幼儿园 但是我回想起在那里度过的幸福童年 8 And soon over the whole surface of the marsh a great cloud of birds hung screaming and circling in the air 译文译文 A 很快就有一块乌云似的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着 盘旋着 很快就有一块乌云似的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着 盘旋着 译文译文 B 很快就有黑压压的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着 盘旋着 很快就有黑压压的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着 盘旋着 9 SS guards then shoved each prisoner in the direction the doctor had indicated 译文译文 A 希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向推着被监禁者 希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向推着被监禁者 译文译文 B 希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向推着犯人 希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向推着犯人 10 Thus it was that our little romantic friend formed visions of the future for herself 译文译文 A 我们的小朋友一脑袋幻想 憧憬着美丽的未来 我们的小朋友一脑袋幻想 憧憬着美丽的未来 译文译文 B 我们浪漫的小朋友憧憬着美好的未来 我们浪漫的小朋友憧憬着美好的未来 II Improve the Chinese version 1 He was wrinkled and black with scant gray hair 译文 译文 他又皱又黑 头发灰白稀疏 他又皱又黑 头发灰白稀疏 2 Wall Street is a dog eat dog place 译文 华尔街是个狗咬狗的地方 译文 华尔街是个狗咬狗的地方 3 All freely falling bodies descend from the same height in equal time 译文 一切自由降落的物体 从同样的高度 以相等的时译文 一切自由降落的物体 从同样的高度 以相等的时 间下降 间下降 4 Why waste breath on them who have turned such an unwilling ear 译文 为什么对他们浪费口舌呢 他们又不愿意听 译文 为什么对他们浪费口舌呢 他们又不愿意听 5 We have plenty of company in the way of wagonloads and mule loads of tourists and dust 译文 跟我们做伴的人真不少 有乘马车的 有骑骡子的译文 跟我们做伴的人真不少 有乘马车的 有骑骡子的 一路尘土飞扬 一路尘土飞扬 6 His speech leaves no room to improvement 译文 他的演讲没有改进的余地 译文 他的演讲没有改进的余地 7 He thought not very vividly of his father and mother 译文 他并不是很鲜明地想到了他的爸爸和妈妈 译文 他并不是很鲜明地想到了他的爸爸和妈妈 8 Casualties were taken to several hospitals in southwestern Georgia some of which operated on backup generators 译文 伤亡人员被送往佐治亚州西南部的几所医院里 其中一些伤者在备用发电机的帮助下动了手术 译文 伤亡人员被送往佐治亚州西南部的几所医院里 其中一些伤者在备用发电机的帮助下动了手术 9 To cure his patients he relied on a palette of remedies that included modern science folk medicine and plain common sense 译文 为了治疗患者 他运用了调色板方法 其中包括现代科技 民间药物和自己的直觉 译文 为了治疗患者 他运用了调色板方法 其中包括现代科技 民间药物和自己的直觉 10 Struggle and submission are before the colonial people this leads to slavery that to freedom 译文 殖民地人民面临着两条道路 斗争和屈服 前者导致奴役 后者通往自由 译文 殖民地人民面临着两条道路 斗争和屈服 前者导致奴役 后者通往自由 III Translate the following sentences into Chinese 1 All the time spent online has left many young infotech workers without much time for life offline 2 Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit of smoking 3 Nowhere has the impact of family breakup been more profound than in our school Principals report a dramatic rise in the aggressive acting out behavior characteristic of children living in single parent families 4 Books are of the people by the people for the people To some extent book friends have some advantages over living friends 5 This victory means the victory of civilization over ignorance of science over superstition and of truth over falsehood 6 My assistant who had carefully read through the instructions before doing his experiment could not obtain satisfactory results because he followed them mechanically 7 The book describes the march of civilization from ancient Egyptian times to the present 8 It was diamond cut diamond when the two men met because they were both so sure their own ideas were right 9 She is always finding excuse for her failure by saying that I can t make bricks without straw in fact carelessness is her heel of Achilles 10 Mr White is a very white man He has been feeling blue today When I saw him he was in a brown mood I hope he ll soon be in the pink again IV Translate the following passages into Chinese 1 Online newspapers are a look into the future and just pondering it raises the question of whether it isn t nicer getting your daily news curled up in your favorite chair with your ballpoint pen handy to circle items of interest or scissors ready to snip out articles you want to save 在线报纸是对未来的一种窥视 只需沉思片刻你就能提出这样一个问题 每天蜷缩在舒适的椅子上 顺手用在线报纸是对未来的一种窥视 只需沉思片刻你就能提出这样一个问题 每天蜷缩在舒适的椅子上 顺手用 圆珠笔将你所关心的内容圈划下来 或用剪刀将你想保存的文章剪下来 这样是不是更好一些 圆珠笔将你所关心的内容圈划下来 或用剪刀将你想保存的文章剪下来 这样是不是更好一些 The rest of the world is moving into cyberspace more slowly than the United States and in the developing world the Internet has hardly penetrated at all U N Secretary General Kofi Annan is determined to change this through the United Nations Information Technology Service which will train large numbers of people to tap into the income enhancing power of the Internet 与美国相比 世界其他地方进入电子空间的速度较慢 而在发展中国家 因特网几乎还根本没能渗入进去 联与美国相比 世界其他地方进入电子空间的速度较慢 而在发展中国家 因特网几乎还根本没能渗入进去 联 合国秘书长科菲合国秘书长科菲 安南决心通过联合国信息技术服务机构来改变这种情况 根据他的计划 该机构将训练大量人员开发互安南决心通过联合国信息技术服务机构来改变这种情况 根据他的计划 该机构将训练大量人员开发互 联网的增收潜力 联网的增收潜力 At Microsoft Bill Gates predicts that by 2018 major newspapers will publish their last paper editions and move solely to electronic distribution and that by 2020 dictionaries will redefine books as eBook titles read on screen 在微软公司 比尔在微软公司 比尔 盖茨预言到盖茨预言到 2018 年主要报纸将年主要报纸将 出版他们的最后一张纸张版本 然后转入完全出版电子读物出版他们的最后一张纸张版本 然后转入完全出版电子读物 而到而到 2020 年 词典将重新将书定义为年 词典将重新将书定义为 供屏幕上看的电子图书供屏幕上看的电子图书 2 Our challenges may be new But those values upon which our success depends hard work and honesty courage and fair play tolerance and curiosity loyalty and patriotism these things are old These things are true They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history What is demanded then is a return to these truths What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility a recognition on the part of every American that we have duties to ourselves our nation and the world duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit so defining of our character than giving our all to a difficult task 2 我们可能面临着全新的挑战 但是我们的成功所仰赖的价值标准却是古老的我们可能面临着全新的挑战 但是我们的成功所仰赖的价值标准却是古老的 勤劳 诚实 勇气 公正 忍耐 勤劳 诚实 勇气 公正 忍耐 好奇 忠诚和爱国 这些东西都是真实的 它们在整个美国历史上一直是我们取得进步的背后推动力 现在所亟需的是好奇 忠诚和爱国 这些东西都是真实的 它们在整个美国历史上一直是我们取得进步的背后推动力 现在所亟需的是 回归这些真理 现在我们需要进入一个新的责任时代回归这些真理 现在我们需要进入一个新的责任时代 需要每个美国人都认识到 我们对自己 对这个国家 对整个需要每个美国人都认识到 我们对自己 对这个国家 对整个 世界都负有责任 不是勉强接受的责任 而是当仁不让 应该彻底明白一点 即除非将我们的一切献给一项艰巨的任务 世界都负有责任 不是勉强接受的责任 而是当仁不让 应该彻底明白一点 即除非将我们的一切献给一项艰巨的任务 我们的精神无法获得满足 我们的人格也无法获得塑造 我们的精神无法获得满足 我们的人格也无法获得塑造 Part Two Class activity 1 中国人有在正月十五晚上吃元宵 赏花灯的习俗 中国人有在正月十五晚上吃元宵 赏花灯的习俗 Chinese have the custom that they eat sweet dumplings made of glutinous rice flour and appreciate festive lanterns at the night of January 15 2 他的不合作态度使这个项目进展十分缓慢 他的不合作态度使这个项目进展十分缓慢 The project makes less progress because of his incooperation 3 你们谁想参加春游就在星期五之前报名并交费 你们谁想参加春游就在星期五之前报名并交费 You whoever wants to go spring outing please sign up your name and pay dues before Friday 4 我觉得这个店里的衣服即使打六折也还是太贵 我觉得这个店里的衣服即使打六折也还是太贵 I think the clothes prices in the shop were so expensive even if they are made 60 percent discount 5 就目前情况看 工程造价将会超出预算百分之三十 就目前情况看 工程造价将会超出预算百分之三十 With respect to the current situation the cost of this engineering will exceed 30 percent of the budget 6 万一你想取消这次旅行 请至少提前一个月书面通知我们 万一你想取消这次旅行 请至少提前一个月书面通知我们 If you want to cancel this travel please tell us by writing at least one month earlier 7 想让他答应如此要求恐怕不大可能 想让他答应如此要求恐怕不大可能 I m afraid it is impossible for him to agree such requirement 8 在董事会年会上 他提请大家注意一个被普遍忽视的问题 在董事会年会上 他提请大家注意一个被普遍忽视的问题 On the annual board of directors he reminded everyone to pay attention to a problem which was ignored in common 9 中国饮茶的风尚 到了第七世纪的唐代 已经相当盛行了 中国饮茶的风尚 到了第七世纪的唐代 已经相当盛行了 A 那时日本派有大批的留学生 到中国来学习中国文 那时日本派有大批的留学生 到中国来学习中国文 化 自然也学会了中国的饮茶化 自然也学会了中国的饮茶 B 日本现在的所谓茶道 向西方人士夸说是日本独特的艺术 其实完全是中国的古风 明代以前的烹茶办法 日本现在的所谓茶道 向西方人士夸说是日本独特的艺术 其实完全是中国的古风 明代以前的烹茶办法 C 除了日 除了日 本以外 最讲究喝茶的外国人 应该是英国人了 而英国人懂得喝茶 至今还不过两三百年的历史 本以外 最讲究喝茶的外国人 应该是英国人了 而英国人懂得喝茶 至今还不过两三百年的历史 D A In the seventh century of Tang dynasty the Chinese prevailing custom of drinking tea was in vogue B At that time large quantities of students were sent to China by Japan to study Chinese culture Accordingly they learned the Chinese tea drinking custom C The so called Tea Doctrine now in Japan was bragged to the Western personalities about that it s the Japanese unique art in fact it was completely ancient Chinese custom and the way to make tea till the Ming dynasty D Except the Japanese the foreign people who are fastidious about drinking tea should be Englishmen but it is only two or three hundred years after the Englishmen knowing about drinking tea 10 一六四四年 李自成挥师北上 攻入北京 崇祯自缢于煤山 明朝就此覆亡 一六四四年 李自成挥师北上 攻入北京 崇祯自缢于煤山 明朝就此覆亡 A 假如山海关统兵大率帅吴三桂顺李 假如山海关统兵大率帅吴三桂顺李 自成 中国的近代史就会是另一个样子 自成 中国的近代史就会是另一个样子 B 然而吴三桂却因为李自成抢了他的爱妾陈圆圆 然而吴三桂却因为李自成抢了他的爱妾陈圆圆 冲冠一怒为红颜冲冠一怒为红颜 放清兵 放清兵 入关 入关 C 就这样 满族人轻而易举地接管了明朝的江山 就这样 满族人轻而易举地接管了明朝的江山 D A In 1644 the leader of revolting armies Li Zicheng led his army to attack the north and occupied Beijing the last emperor of the Ming dynasty hung himself to death at Mountain Mei From then on the Ming dynasty died out B If the chief commander of Shanhaiguan Wu San gui came over and pledged allegiance to Li Zicheng Chinese modern history would be another appearance C However because Li Zicheng robbed his wife Chen Yuanyuan whom he loved deeply so Wu Sangui flew into a rage for beauty and helped the troops of Qing come into Shanhaiguan D And in this case the people of Man ruled the country instead of Ming without difficulty Unit Two Differences between English and Chinese I General introduction 1 Different language families 2 Different nature of language 3 Difference of sentence structure II Differences English and Chinese vocabulary differences in thinking ways result in the differences in this two languages 天人合一天人合一 人物分立人物分立 eg I do believe in fate that falls on us no matter what we do but I do believe in fate that will fall on us if we do nothing Ronald Reagan Particular General Pattern Chinese General Particular Pattern English eg1 我原先打算七月一日去香港旅游 后来不得不我原先打算七月一日去香港旅游 后来不得不 取消 这使我很扫兴 取消 这使我很扫兴 It was keen disappointment that I had to cancel the visit I had intended to pay to Hong Kong on July Ist eg2 在全球经济事务中 中国应继续保持一个积极而充满活力的力量 我坚信这是符合我国利益的 在全球经济事务中 中国应继续保持一个积极而充满活力的力量 我坚信这是符合我国利益的 I strongly believe that it s in the interests of my countrymen that China should remain an active and energetic power in global economic matters 2 word for word correspondence 3 one word with multiple equivalents of the same meaning 4 words without correspondence 5 hypotaxis and parataxis Difference in Word Sentence Text Discourse Word Sentence hypotaxis parataxis Eg The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media 由于距离远 又缺乏交通工具 使农村社会与外界隔绝 而这种隔绝 又由于通讯工具不足而变得更加严重 由于距离远 又缺乏交通工具 使农村社会与外界隔绝 而这种隔绝 又由于通讯工具不足而变得更加严重 Poor English Because there is a great distance and there are not enough transport facilities the rural world is isolated This isolation has become more serious because there are not enough information media Text Discourse subject prominent topic prominent Eg1 They tell us Sir that we are weak But when shall we be stronger Will it be the next week or the next year Will it be when we are totally disarmed and when a British guard shall be stationed in every house Shall we gather strength by irresolution and inaction Sir we are not weak if we make a proper use of those means which the God of nature hath placed in our power 先生 他们说我们力量小先生 他们说我们力量小 但是什么时候我们才会强大起来 下星期还是明年 是不是要等我们完全被解除武装 家家但是什么时候我们才会强大起来 下星期还是明年 是不是要等我们完全被解除武装 家家 户户都驻扎了英国士兵的时候 我们迟疑不决 无所作为就能积聚力量吗 户户都驻扎了英国士兵的时候 我们迟疑不决 无所作为就能积聚力量吗 先生 如果能恰当地利用万物之主赋予我先生 如果能恰当地利用万物之主赋予我 们的力量 我们并不弱小 们的力量 我们并不弱小 Eg2 春眠不觉晓 春眠不觉晓 处处闻啼鸟 处处闻啼鸟 夜来风雨声 夜来风雨声 花落知多少 花落知多少 I awake light hearted this morning of spring Everywhere round me the singing of birds But now I remember the night the storm And I wonder how many blossoms were broken 2 Lexical and Syntactical Differences 1 matching of words eg 炉子着得很旺 炉子着得很旺 The fire is burning briskly in the stove 她着凉了她着凉了 She has caught cold 你猜着了你猜着了 You have guessed right 老李躺下就着了老李躺下就着了 Lao Li fell asleep as soon as he lay down 他走错了一着他走错了一着 He has made a false move take a wrong step 这些孩子穿着整齐 这些孩子穿着整齐 These children are all neatly dressed 这些措施都着眼于进一步解放生产力 这些措施都着眼于进一步解放生产力 All these measures are aimed to further emancipating the productive forces 2 order of words in the sentence eg He also concluded that insight into prehistoric cultures should ideally proceed from knowledge of living cultures 他还得出这样的结论 要对史前各种文化有深刻的认识 应从了解现存的种种文化着手 这是最理想的方法 他还得出这样的结论 要对史前各种文化有深刻的认识 应从了解现存的种种文化着手 这是最理想的方法 3 sentence order compare the following sentences 政府将在一两个月后在做出下一步的行动 政府将在一两个月后在做出下一步的行动 The government would wait a month or two before deciding their next move 2 女儿经常熬夜 这让妈妈很担心 女儿经常熬夜 这让妈妈很担心 It worries her mother much that her daughter often stays up so late 3 如果有人敢于语言此事的结果 那他定是个鲁莽如果有人敢于语言此事的结果 那他定是个鲁莽 之徒 之徒 He would be a rash man if he should venture to forecast the results of this event III Comment on Last Week s Homework Error Analysis 9 By the Tang dynasty in the seventh century tea drinking had become very popular in China At that time many Japanese students were sent to China to study Chinese culture Naturally they acquired the Chinese tea drinking habit C The so called tea ceremony in modern Japan boasted to Westerners as a unique Japanese art was in fact entirely an ancient Chinese custom the way to brew tea before the Ming dynasty D Except for the Japanese no other foreigners attach more importance to tea drinking than the British who learned to drink tea only two or three hundred years ago 10 In 1644 the rebel leader Li Zicheng marched north with his troops attacking and capturing Beijing Chongzhen the last Ming emperor hanged himself at the foot of Coal Hill Thus the Ming dynasty collapsed Leading his troops north the rebel leader Li Zicheng attacked and occupied Beijing in 1644 The death of Emperor Chongzhen who hanged himself on Coal Hill marked the end of the Ming dynasty B If Wu Sangui commander of the strategic Shanhai pass had surrendered to Li modern Chinese history would have been much different taken on a different look C However because Li Zicheng robbed him of his favorite concubine Chen Yuanyuan Wu flew into a rage for the sake of the beauty and let the Qing troops enter the pass D In this way the Manchu people took over the Ming empire without much difficulty Paragraph translation 参考译文 参考译文 In building a well off society in all round way it is of vital importance to take economic development as the central task and keep releasing and developing the productive forces In light of the new trends in the economy science and technology of the world and the requirements of our national economic development in new period we should undertake the following main tasks for economic development and reform in the first two decades of this century to improve the socialist market economy promote strategic adjustment of the economic structure basically accomplish industrialization energetically apply IT accelerate modernization maintain a sustained rapid and sound development of the national economy and steadily uplift the people s living standards In the first decades we will accomplish all the objectives set in the 10th Five Year Plan and for the years up to 2010 so as to bring the economic aggregate overall national strength and the people s living standards up to a much higher level and lay a solid foundation for even greater development in the second decade Homework 江南的春天素称多雨 一落就是七八天 住在上海的人们 平日既感不到雨的需要 一旦下雨 天气是那么阴沉 谁也江南的春天素称多雨 一落就是七八天 住在上海的人们 平日既感不到雨的需要 一旦下雨 天气是那么阴沉 谁也 耐不住闷在狭小的家里 可是跑到外面 没有山 没有湖 也没有经雨的嫩绿的叶子 一切都不及晴天好 有时阔人的耐不住闷在狭小的家里 可是跑到外面 没有山 没有湖 也没有经雨的嫩绿的叶子 一切都不及晴天好 有时阔人的 汽车从你身旁驶过 还得带一身污泥回来 汽车从你身旁驶过 还得带一身污泥回来 参考译文 参考译文 Spring in the south is known to be rainy During this season it never rains there but it remains wet for seven or eight days on end Dwellers in Shanghai who usually do not feel the need for rain will be bored with having to confine themselves in their close quarters when outside it is gloomy with rain While in the open seeing no mountains nor lakes nor rain drenched soft green leaves you ll find nothing comparable to a fine day Sometimes worse still a rich man s car flashing past may splash you all over with mud Unit Three Hypotaxis and Parataxis 形合与意合形合与意合 I Review Contrasts between E and C Languages English Chinese 1 synthetic analytic 2 hypotaxis parataxis 3 chain language block language 4 complex simple 5 tightly knitted loosely structured 6 result cause cause result 7 impersonal personal 8 static dynamic 9 substitutive repetitive 10 passive active abstract concrete eg1 Thus encouraged they made a still bolder plan for the next year 由于受到这样的鼓励 他们为第二年制定了一个更大胆的计划 由于受到这样的鼓励 他们为第二年制定了一个更大胆的计划 eg3 有一个英国人 不会讲中国话 有一次在中国旅行 有一个英国人 不会讲中国话 有一次在中国旅行 An Englishman who could not speak Chinese was once traveling in China eg7 她独处时感到一种特别的安宁 她独处时感到一种特别的安宁 A strange peace came over her when she was alone eg8 你一定是不善于学习 要不然就是教你的人很不会教 你一定是不善于学习 要不然就是教你的人很不会教 You must be a very bad learner or else you must be going to a very bad teacher eg9 他讨厌失败 他一生中曾战胜失败 超越失败 并且藐视别人的失败 他讨厌失败 他一生中曾战胜失败 超越失败 并且藐视别人的失败 He hated failure he had conquered it all his life risen above it and despised it in others II Hypotaxis and Parataxis Hypotaxis The dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of