ltt英语四级练习题110108.doc

2011英语四级考试核心词汇及例句分析（1）alter v. 改变，改动，变更How animals alter colors to match their surroundings？（2006年6月17日大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷(A卷)）burst vi. n. 突然发生，爆裂If you blow that balloon up any more it will burst.那气球再吹就要破了.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of)All the furniture has been disposed of. 所有的家具都已处理掉了.blast n. 爆炸；气流 vi. 炸，炸掉Lance Bass of N Sync was supposed to be the third to make the 20 million trip, but he did not join the three-man crew as they blasted off on October 30, 2002, due to lack of payment.（2006年12月24日大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷(A卷)）consume v. 消耗，耗尽The car consumes a lot of fuel. 这辆汽车很费汽油.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的The children split (up) into groups. 孩子们分成了小组.split peas 干豌豆瓣儿spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃He took one sip of the wine and spat it out.他抿了一口酒, 又吐了出来.spill v. 溢出，溅出，倒出Who has spilt/spilled the milk? 谁把牛奶泼出来了?slip v. 滑动，滑落；忽略He anticipates a world with the share of people who are native English speakers slips from 9% in the mid 1990s to 5% in 2050.（2006年12月23日大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷(B卷)）slide v. 滑动，滑落 n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片I was sliding (about) helplessly (on the ice). 我（在冰上）身不由己地滑起来了.have a slide on the ice 在冰上滑行bacteria n. 细菌bacterial contamination 细菌感染.breed n. 种，品种 v. 繁殖，产仔What breed is your dog? 你的狗是什麽品种的?To Galbraith, materialism had gone mad and would breed discontent.（2007年6月23日大学英语四级 (CET-4) 真题试卷(A卷) Passage Three）budget n. 预算 v. 编预算，作安排The Chancellor of the Exchequer is expected to announce tax cuts in this years budget. 人们期望财政大臣公布在本年度预算中削减税收.If we budget carefully, well be able to afford a new car. 我们精打细算就能买辆新汽车了.candidate n. 候选人Your qualities will exhibit to employers why they should hire you over other candidates.( 2007年6月23日大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷(A卷) Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)campus n. 校园The news soon went round the campus.消息很快传遍校园。liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的a liberal translation giving a general idea of the writers intentions 对作者总体意思的意译.2011英语四级考试基础语法-虚拟语气 虚拟语气that从居中:wish, would rather (sooner), had better:I wish I were as strong as you.I wish I had paid more attention to our pronunciation.I wish I remembered the address.I would rather they came tomorrow (you had gone there too).I had rather (that) you told him than I did.suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist 等动词后的宾语从句:The commander ordered that all civilians (should) be evacuated.He asked that he be given an opportunity to try.She urged that he write and accept the post.it is desired, it is suggested, it is requested, it was ordered, it was proposed, it is necessary, it is important, it has been decided 等结构后的主语从句中.It was arranged that they leave the following weekIt will be better that we meet some other time.suggestion, motion, proposal, order, recommendations, plan, idea等后面的表语从句和同位语从句:His sole requirement is (was) that thy system be adjusted.在某些句型中it is time thatIt is time that we went (或should go) to bed.It is high time we (should) put an end to this controversy.as if (though) 引起的从句:They talked (are talking) as if they had been friends for years.It seems as if it was (were) spring today.He acts (acted) as if (though) he were (was) an expert.以lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句(这时谓语多用 should +动词原形):He took his raincoat with him lest it should rain.He put his coat over the child for fear that (或lest) he should catch cold.Ill keep a seat for you in case you should need it.以whatever, whoever, no matter what这类代词或词组引起的从句(这时, 谓语多用may加动词原形构成):Whatever defects he may have, he is an honest man.Come what may, we will go ahead. 不管发生什么情况, 我们都要干下去.I accept that he is old and frail; be that as it may, hes still a good politician.我承认他年老体衰, 然而尽管如此, 它仍是优秀的政治家.四级听力提分技巧：正确接收有效信息考试中的听力理解部分历来是中国学生的薄弱环节。自四、六级改革后，听力部分所占比例由原来的20%升至35%，同时，最近又多所高校以机考形式试点，意味着听力能力的培养愈加重要起来。可以说听力的好坏直接影响四、六级考试成绩。因此，本文就“5W”沟通基本原理在四、六级考试中的应用进行讲解分析，希望能够对考生英语听力测试成绩的提高有所帮助。在讲解四、六级听力的过程中，我发现，其实真正在做听力题的时候，需要的英语知识只是一层外衣，有时内在逻辑能力更加重要。这一点和国外考试中的SAT和GRE中的句子填空题有点像，不同是，SAT和GRE的单词，不会就是不会，了解了逻辑单词全不会也没用。然而，四、六级听力中的单词对于学生来说相对简单，真正的难词比例非常小，故而，其实逻辑和思维能力更加重要。 四、六级听力考试时，很多人没有办法听懂或听到所谓的关键词，或者无法把听到的内容连接成句子，怎么办？实际上，关键点在于，太过于关注“听”而忽略了听力考试的思维和传播本质。 “听力”作为一种能力讲，本身是一个传播的过程，信息的接收是一个重要的过程。远在1948年，拉斯维尔于题为传播在社会中的结构与功能（The Structure and Function of Communication in Society）一文中首次提出了构成传播过程的五种基本要素，即著名的5W理论。这五个W分别是英语中五个疑问代词的第一个字母，即： Who （谁） Says What （说了什么） In Which Channel （通过什么渠道） To Whom （向谁说） With What Effect （有什么效果）（见图1）。听力的过程也是传播的过程，这就意味着，在听的过程，我们也需要这样的“思维经历”。实际上，在听的过程完全可以遵循这个脉络，从who入手，说话人中，重要的说话信息一般在第二说话人中，他说了什么，是我们做题的重点，即所谓的关键词。通过的途径一般有两种，conversation与paragraph，to whom 就是我们自己，而效果的考核就是我们题目。分析至此，可以发现，即使我们空缺中间say what 的过程，也可以得到至少四个过程，而最后一个过程效果分析，是可以通过四、六级考题出现的。所以，我们的听力考试实际上是逆向思维的过程，即了解了效果，通过效果推测原文，再将say what 过程补充出来。 例题1：CET-6,08年6月第14题： A) The errors will be corrected soon. B) The woman was mistaken herself. C) The computing system is too complex D) He has called the woman several times. 四个选项，分别告诉我们A：“这个错误很快会被纠正”；B：“这位女士自己错了”；C：“计算机体系太复杂”；D：“他给这位女士打了好几次电话”。显而易见，最后一个选项是在叙述过程，只有前三个选项是结果，而这三个选项都透露了一个信息，就是原文一定提到了一个错误，B、C 在讨论错误点，而A告诉了我们结果，我们的倾向选项应该是A。 例题2：CET-6,05年1月第5题： A. Janet loves the beautiful landscape of Australia very much. B. Janet is very much interested in architecture. C. Janet admires the Sydney Opera House very much. D. Janet thinks its a shame for anyone not to visit Australia. 四个选项，A：Janet喜欢澳大利亚的美景；B：Janet对建筑感兴趣；C：Janet很向往悉尼歌剧院；D：Janet认为如果人们不去悉尼是一件遗憾的事、从选项中，我们很容易得知，这个对话中的主角是个叫Janet的人，想要传达的信息是对悉尼的感受，那么真正表示结果的是A、B、C三项，同时C刚好是A、B的交集，故而倾向选C。 例题3：看一个四级的例子，02年12月第10题： A) She is tired of driving in heavy traffic. B) She doesnt mind it as the road conditions are good. C) She is unhappy to have to drive such a long way every day. D) She enjoys it because shes good at driving. 马上能判断出来，对话针对的对象是she，也是我们听题的重点，有了说话人信息，看看what是关于什么的呢？A：交通太堵，她不想开车；B：由于路况不错，她觉得无所谓（马上判断这个无所谓的对象应该是开车）；C：她很不爽是因为每天开车走很长的一段路；D：她喜欢是因为她很擅长开车。在传播过程中，四个选项中，都在陈述一件事，就是她喜不喜欢开车这件事。A、B都与路况有关的，A、C在传达一种负情绪，而剩下两个选项是正情绪。这个时候，我们无法凭空猜一个答案，但是，却对这道题中涉及到的问题已然掌握得差不多了。这时再去听原文，正确率必然大大增加。 例题4：再看一个06年6月长对话的例子： 19. A) To make a business report to the woman. B) To be interviewed for a job in the womans company. C) To resign from his position in the womans company. D) To exchange stock market information with the woman. 20. A) He is head of a small trading company. B) He works in an international insurance company. C) He leads s team of brokers in a big company. D) He is a public relations officer in a small company. 21. A) The woman thinks Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer. B) Mr. Saunders will share one third of the womans responsibilities. C) Mr. Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations. D) The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders past experience. 我们看这三个选项，由第21题，能够大致推断Mr. Saunders在应聘The woman的公司的职位。 这样，19题即可得出B这个正确选项，也就是有了传播的相应五元素，我们可以自由的思考，甚至在没有听原文的情况下就可以选择出正确的答案。 例题5： CET-4,04年6月的复合式听写： Today, three buildings hold the librarys collection. (S9) It buys some of its books and gets others as gifts. S9空需要填写一个句子，那么由结果（effect）我们能轻松看出，前面讲的是三座大楼拥有这个图书馆的馆藏，S9，图书馆一些书是买的，一些书是别人赠送的。结果传达的是一个重要信息，S9需要的是和图书馆的书怎么样的内容，有了图书馆书的分布，有了图书馆书的来源，中间缺少的应该就是图书馆图书的去向问题，分析到这个地方，我们句子的主谓宾成分就全了，进而再分析，状语成分去到什么地方，文章通篇讨论美国国会图书馆，那么图书借书的目的地就比较丰富，可以是美国国会（the US Congress），可以是政府（government），也可以是其他美国图书馆（other American libr，aries）和国外图书馆（foreign libraries），这个句子就很好整理成： The library provides books and materials to the US Congress and also lends books to other American libraries, government agencies and foreign libraries.四级名师传授绝技：5个词拿下快速阅读这篇四级选词填空是我在四级冲刺班讲的一套题，2007年6月的四级考试真题，考生普遍反映很难，因为绝大多数的备选单词都不认识，这也是这种阅读题型成为中国四级考生最崩溃的题型的最本质的和最无奈的原因，对于这篇15选10进行的解析，不能算特别完美，但已经极度功利，我只翻了5个每个高中生都能认识的单词，一切只以最终得到结果为标杆，在你读的时候请静下心来看我的每一个解析，希望在这个过程中得到更多的感悟，关于其他的四级真题我都已经在四级基础班和强化班处理过，技巧完全一致，只是细节的表现形式略有不同。好，我们开始：Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients _47_ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.Times have changed. Today, we take pain _48_. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in _49_ a persons well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt (扰乱) a persons life, causing problems that _50_ from missed work to depression.Thats why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who _51_ in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social _52_ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often _53_ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理医生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.This modern _54_ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a _55_ number of drugs available, and many of them caused _56_ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答A) resultI) determiningB) involvesJ) limitedC) significantK) gravelyD) rangeL) complainedE) relievedM) respectF) issuesN) promptingG) seriouslyO) specializeH) magnificent第一步第一步是每位学生都要去做的，就是把15个单词通过后缀进行词性分类，但是通常我的习惯是遇到动词进行二次分类：确定时态，确定单三还是非单三；遇到名词确定单数还是复数；我一直认为单词不认识不应该成为学生放弃选词填空的原因，在做第一步之前我先把4级历年真题选词填空中出现频率最高的后缀全部列举出来：名词后缀：tion/sion/ness/ment/er/or/ist/ism形容词后缀：able/al/ant/ent/tive/sive/ous/less/ed/ing动词后缀:ate/lize/ing/ed副词后缀：ly/ward/wise在历年真题中只要出现ly一定为副词，这是频率好，我们开始分类：名词单数：A) result结果 M) respect（尊重）可能的名词复数：F) issues B) involves动词原形: O) specialize M) respect（尊重）动词进行时：I) determining决定，确定 N) prompting动词过去式：J) limited限制 L)complained抱怨 E) relieved可能的动词单三：B)involves F)issues形容词：C) significant H)magnificent J) limited有限的副词：G) seriously严肃的 K) gravely不能确定的：D)range第二步：回到原文确定空内应填入的词性、单复数形式、动词时态以及其他语法现象。具体怎么操作，我会在接下来第三步解题的时候具体讲解。第三步：具体分析，重点打击，先易后难。怎么操作？我现在开始讲解：具体解法：47题： when older patients _47_ of pain，前面是patients为复数名词，后面是of，确定应填入一个动词；后半句为they were told告诉我们填入过去时动词，满足此题的单词分别是：J) limited L)complained E)relieved，根据本句中的pain（痛苦），确定L)complained（抱怨）与pain（痛苦）的感情方向一致。48题：前面是we take pain _48_，确定应填入副词来修饰take,满足的单词有G) seriously严肃的K) gravely，由于是pain（痛苦），搭配严肃，如果这两个单词都不认识也是2猜1.49题：in _49_ a persons well-being.，我们知道，in后面跟两种词性，名词或动名词，比如spend time in doing sth, 所以满足的单词有I) determining决定，确定 N)prompting，2猜150题：causing problems that _50_ from missed work to depression.，由于有from-to-,所以填入