高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解演练111.doc

广西兴安县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解演练【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 NASA has recently found a twin Earth in the Milky Way. Scientists said the planet was the closest to Earth that has been seen.Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old. It has a 385-day year and orbits its star at the same distance as us. It is so like Earth that NASA believes it is possible that life once inhabited the planet. Kepler 452b is 60 percent larger in diameter (直径) than Earth. Scientists say that the planet received the same kind of sunshine as we do on Earth. Thus, plants could survive if taken to the planet.Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth, scientists say it can show a possible future for earth. “If Kepler 452b is indeed a rocky planets, its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.” Said Doug Caldwell, a scientist working on the Kepler Mission.According to Caldwell, the increasing energy from its aging sun might be heating the surface and evaporating any oceans. Kepler 452b could be experiencing now what Earth will undergo more than a billion years from now, as the Sun ages and grows brighter.The discovery also gives new hope that alien(外星人) civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System. “We wont be going to this planet but our childrens childrens children might be.” said Jeff Coughlin, another research scientist on the Kepler Mission.The Kepler space telescope (太空望远镜) has been looking for signs of new worlds outside the Solar System since May 2009, and has so far found more than 4,000 planets. But those planets are either too hot or too cold to sustain life.（注：Kepler Mission NASA 设计的发现类地行星的太空探索任务）1. The following statements about Kepler 452b (Earth 2) are all correct except _.A. It has existed for six billion years.B. It is 60% larger in diameter than the earth.C. It has already entered an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate historyD. It is the closest planet to the earth.2. The importance of the discovery of Earth2 lies in the fact that Earth2 _. can show a likely future for the earth gives new hope that alien civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System proves that life once inhabited the planet proves that plants can survive on other planets apart from the eartth. is going through now what the earth will undergo more than a billion years from nowA. B. C. D. 3. What can we infer from the text?A. The earth has existed for about 4.5 billion years.B. Kepler 452b is one of the planets in the Milky Way.C. Doug Caldwel and Jeff Coughlin are both research scientists on the Kepler Mission.D. More than 4,000 planets outside the Solar System still cannot sustain life now.1. C. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.”可知，“它的位置可能意味着它正在进入它的气候历史中不可控制的温室阶段”的说法只是一种推想，而不是已经进入了。句中的“could”是关键词，它表明了一种假想的情况。故答案为C项。2. D. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话和第五段第一句话可知，答案应为D项。3. A. 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话“Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old.”和第三段第一句话中的“Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth,”可以推知答案应为A项。即地球存在的时间是：（6 billion 1.5billion = 4.5 billion）年。其余各项虽然表述是正确答，但都是原文直接提到的内容，不是推断出来的。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。It is over 40 years since first atomic bomb was dropped on a major city in Japan. Yet even now its effects are showing themselves and may continue to do so for years to come. Much effort and human energy have been used to try to prevent such a terrifying thing from happening again. So far there is no guarantee that it will not. Countries which already possess nuclear knowledge and resources have bombs stored away which are powerful enough to wipe out all life on earth. But this is not all. Other countries, which previously were not so advanced in technology, are gradually buying materials that can be used for making atomic devices. This nuclear energy will naturally be of great value in helping the economy of poorer nations.The generation of electricity through nuclear power came directly from the original work on the atom bomb. Because of the increase in demand for energy and the possibility of decreasing supplies of oil and natural gas, the interest in electricity has increased. One of the by-products of nuclear power stations is plutonium (钸) produced from unclear fuel: plutonium is ingredient (成分) in bomb-making. It means that there are far more opportunities for the manufacture of bombs.This brings the problem to a full circle again. How can something so valuable and useful be controlled so that it works for the benefit and not the destruction of man? (from )1. The effects of dropping the first atomic bomb _.A. are not over B. may go on forever C. could last much longer D. will not be over in the near future2. The writer says that enough atomic bombs have already been manufactured to _.A. wipe out Japan B. last forever C. act as a peace-keeping device D. destroy all living things3. The advantage of less developed countries being able to make atomic devices is that it _.A. gives them more opportunities for work B. will help poor countries to become richerC. will enable them to make better explosives D. will be of great value to them4. The second paragraph tells us that the increased demand for electricity today _.A. has led to the decrease in supplies of oilB. means that more countries are interested in nuclear powerC. has increased the risk of accidental explosionsD. has increased the very means of producing more atomic bombs【答案与解析】1. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Yet even now its effects are showing themselves and may continue to do so for years to come可知。2. D 细节理解题。根据第一段“have bombs stored away which are powerful enough to wipe out all life on earth”一句可知。3. B 细节理解题。根据第一段“This nuclear energy will naturally be of great value in helping the economy of poorer nations”一句可知。4. D 段落主旨题。根据第二段最后一句“It means that there are far more opportunities for the manufacture of bombs.”可知。【2015高考复习】阅读理解The British arent having as many children as they used to.One reason is that people are having children much older than before，meaning they have fewer years in which they can have them.After years at university，they need a few years of work experience before they can get the job they want.They might then get married，but its incredibly expensive to buy a house in the UK.The above explains why young British people now dont move out of their parents home until they are around 30 years old on average.It is not until they are 30 that they can afford their own home.Increasingly，it is not until that age that they can afford to get married and start a new life in a new home.Its only after this age that many young people start thinking about having a child.So a British person manages to get a job，get a home and get married.Why isnt he or she then having at least two children on average？The main reason is that it is quite expensive to bring up a child in the UK.Why is it expensive？Well，these days，both parents need to work just to pay for their home and living expenses.Because both parents are at work，that means they then need to pay someone to look after their child during the day.Paying for this childcare is nearly always expensive.The recent financial crisis is making things even harder for families，since unemployment is rising and even fewer people can afford to have children.With so much pressure on families，is it any surprise that the divorce rate is so high?So what is Britain doing to try and save the British family？The government is trying to make it cheaper to have children.For example，there have been increases in money families can claim from the state each month.Also，there are increasing government subsidies for nursery schools，so that parents do not need to pay so much for childcare.The government is also trying to reduce the number of hours British parents have to work to earn enough money to pay their bills.If parents didnt have to work so many hours，theyd have more time to spend with their children and wouldnt need to spend so much on childcare.On average，a Briton works 49 hours a week，which is the most in Europe.The state is now considering introducing laws to encourage companies to improve their employees worklife balance.Lets hope theyre not too late to save the British family.Otherwise，the British will always be too tired，and wont have enough time and money，to have children.【语篇导读】文章主要讲述英国年轻人不像原来那样多生孩子的原因。36Young British people live in their parents home until around 30 because_.Athey are allowed to get married at 30Bthey cant find jobs to support themselvesCthey cant afford a house of their own until thenDthey enjoy family life with their parents答案 C 细节理解题。从第二段的第二句It is not until they are 30 that they can afford their own home.可知。37The British are now having fewer children than before for all the following reasons EXCEPT that_.Athey have fewer years to have childrenBthey live much shorter lives than beforeCit is more expensive to bring up a childDpeople are losing their jobs because of the recent financial crisis答案 B 细节理解题。第一段的第二句One reason is that people are having children much older than before，meaning they have fewer years in which they can have them.解释的是A项；第三段的第三句The main reason is that it is quite expensive to bring up a child in the UK.解释的是C项；第四段的第一句The recent financial crisis is making things even harder for families，since unemployment is rising and even fewer people can afford to have children.解释的是D项；文章中未提到B项。38To make it cheaper to have children，the British government is_.Abringing down pricesBraising the salaries of parentsCreducing family income taxDincreasing subsidies for families and nursery schools答案 D 细节理解题。从第五段的最后一句Also，there are increasing government subsidies for nursery schools，so that parents do not need to pay so much for childcare.可知。39It can be inferred from the text that_.Awith long work hours，it is hard for British parents to balance life and workBmore and more families in Britain are breaking up because they are having fewer childrenCamong Europeans，British people work hardest and earn the leastDchildcare takes up too much energy and time for the British答案 A 推理判断题。从最后一段的第二句If parents didnt have to work so many hours，theyd have more time to spend with their children and wouldnt need to spend so much on childcare，可推知。40The underlined word“subsidies”in Paragraph 5 means_.Afood paid by the governmentBschool buildings for poor studentsCfree transportationDmoney from the government to benefit the public答案 D 猜测词义题。从本句的.do not need to pay so much for childcare可知。【2015高考复习】阅读理解 High school dropouts earn an average of $9,000 less per year than graduates.Now a new study moves away a common belief why they quit.Its much more than failing in exams at school.Society tends to think of high school dropouts as kids who just cant cut it.They are lazy，and perhaps not too bright.So researchers were surprised when they asked more than 450 kids who quit school about why they left.“The vast majority actually had passing grades and they were confident that they could have graduated from high school.”John Bridgeland，the executive researcher said.About 1 million teens leave school each year.Only about half of AfricanAmerican and Hispanic(美籍西班牙的)students will receive a diploma，and actually all dropouts come to regret their decision.So，if failing grades dont explain why these kids quit，what does？Again，John Bridgeland said，“The most dependable finding was that they were bored.”“They found classes uninteresting；they werent inspired or motivated.They didnt see any direct connection between what they were learning in the classroom to their own lives，or to their possible careers.”The study found that most teens who do dropout wait until they turn sixteen，which happens to be the age at which most states allow students to quit.In the US，only one state，New Mexico，has a law requiring teenagers to stay in high school until they graduate.Only four states：California，Tennessee，Texas and Utah，plus the District of Columbia，require school attendance until age 18，no exceptions.Another researcher says raising the compulsory attendance age may be one way to keep more kids in school.“As these dropouts look back，they realize theyve made a mistake.And anything that sort of gives these people an extra push to stick it out，is probably a helpful measure.”New Hampshire may be the next state to raise its school attendance age to 18.But critics say that forcing the students unwilling to continue their studies to stay in school misses the pointthe need for reform.Its been called for to reinvent high school education to make it more challenging and relevant，and to e