广州新版英语八年级下unit1.docx

一对一个性化辅导教案学生梁鑫嘉学校开发区中学年级初三次数第 1 次科目英语教师蔡宁日期2015.8.3时段15-17课题八年级下册unit1 Helping those in need复习教学重点 掌握本单元词汇短语用法教学难点掌握本单元重点语法：动词不定式教学目标 回顾八年级基础知识，熟记单词短语句型，及熟练运用知识点教学步骤及教学内容一、教学衔接： 1、检查学生的作业，及时指点； 2、通过沟通了解学生的思想动态和了解学生的本周学校的学习内容。二、内容讲解： （一）、课文单词与短语听写（二）、课文内容精析1.raisev.筹募；增加2.disabled.adj.丧失能力的3.offerv.主动提出4.sufferv.受苦；受折磨（三）、本单元重点语法：动词不定式A、作主语B、作表语C作宾语E、作状语F、作定语不带to的不定式结构（四）、课堂练习三、课堂总结与反思： 带领学生对本次课授课内容进行回顾、总结四、作业布置： 本单元基础检测题管理人员签字： 日期： 年 月 日作业布置1、学生上次作业评价： 好 较好 一般 差 备注：2、本次课后作业： 课堂小结 家长签字： 日期： 年 月 日梁鑫嘉 Aug.3八年级基础知识复习（1）-Unit1 Helping those in need听写Unit1 Language pointsI.KeyWords1.raisev.筹募；增加【用法】raise是一个及物动词，后可直接加宾语。如：raisethenationalflag；raisemoney；raiseonesspirits意为“使振奋，使鼓起勇气”如：Apowerfulsongcanraiseonesspirits.时态变化：raise-raised-raised 例：Raiseyourhands.Theworkerdemandthemanagertoraisetheirsalary.工人们要求加薪水。【拓展】rise是不及物动词,表示“升起”，例：Thesunisrising.时态变化：rise-rose-risen【例句】翻译：1.我们如何才能在短期内提高英语水平？_2.我想养只狗当宠物。_2.disabled.adj.丧失能力的【用法】disabled可以作为形容词；也可以作为动词（disable的过去式和过去分词)，意为：使残废；使伤残；使无效【拓展】我们常用thedisabled表示“残疾人”,相当于disabledpeople.【例句】Hebecameseverelyd_afterthebigfire.3.offerv.主动提出【用法】offer后面加不定式，offertodosth.主动提出做某事如：Onhismumsbirthday,littleTomofferedtodothedishes.【拓展】offer还可以表示“主动拿给；主动给与”的意思，相当于give，后面可接名词作宾语。如：offersomeadvice；也可以接双宾语，即offersomebodysomething=offersomethingtosomebody【例句】翻译：她主动提出将自行车借给我。_4.sufferv.受苦；受折磨【用法】suffersth.意为遭受，经受：遭受或承受（痛苦的、有害的或不良的东西），如：sufferdeath,sufferedheavycasualties/loss【拓展】sufferfrom后面加的是疾病、不适（身体或心理上的）意为受的苦，如：sufferedfromillhealth/aheadache【例句】Shes_greatlyasachild.翻译：很多人都苦于现代生活的压力。_5.seriousadj.严重的【用法】serious可以表示“认真的”如：Heisaseriousstudentandworksveryhard.也可以表示“严肃的”如：Beserious，John!Dontmakefunofme.【拓展】seriously是副词，表示“严重地”【例句】Hehasas_illness.6.illnessn.病【用法】当illness表示某种具体疾病时，是可数名词。但当它表示“疾病，生病期间”时，是不可数名词。【拓展】ill是形容词，表示“病的；生病的”【例句】翻译：他死于重病。_7.expressv.表达；表露【用法】expresssthtosb.向某人表达如：expresshisthankstoherexpresstheirfeelings表达某人的情感，抒发某人的感情【拓展】expressionn.表达；表情【例句】翻译：他向我们表达了他对新老师的看法。_9.lonelyadj.孤独的【用法】lonely意为“孤独的”，表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有较浓的感情色彩，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊等产生的一种悲伤和忧郁的感情。它为形容词，在句中作表语或定语。作定语时，意为“荒凉；偏僻”，多修饰表示地点的名词。【拓展】alone为形容词，意为“单独的”，只作表语，不能作定语。侧重说明独自一人，没有助手或同伴，没有感情色彩的只表示客观的状态。alone还可以作副词。alone副词adv.单独；独自Shewenthomealone.Afterhiswifedied,helivedalone.【例句】Helivesa_，butneverfeelsl_.10.friendshipn.友情；友谊【用法】adeepfriendship深厚的友谊复数：friendships【拓展】friend朋友friendly友好的【例句】翻译：琳达和埃米有着深厚的友谊。_11.difficultyn.困难；费劲【用法】havedifficultywithsth=havedifficulty(in)doingsth作为“困难”时，是不可数名词，如：Ihadnodifficulty(in)learningEnglish.作为“难事，难点，难处”时，是可数名词，如：Infaceofsomanydifficulties,wewereneverafraid.【拓展】difficult是形容词，表示困难的【例句】Hehaved_insolvingd_problems.12.couragen.勇气；勇敢【用法】不可数名词havecourage【拓展】encourage鼓励discourage使沮丧【例句】翻译：战士们有勇气打败敌人。_13.spendtimewith与共度；陪伴如：Ispenttimewithmysonandtalkedtohimalot.14.continuetodosth.继续做某事Theycontinuedtodovoluntarywork.课堂达标检测重点词汇、短语筹募；增加_准许_有残疾的_青少年_主动提出_受苦，受折磨_严重的_（某种）病_组织；筹备_表达；表露_痛苦；苦恼_孤独的；寂寞的_友情；友谊_困难；费_愉快；喜悦_平静；宁静_（使）疼痛_勇气；勇敢_情绪；心境_短语考察需要帮助的义务性工作报请批准因受苦；受折磨使振奋；使鼓起勇气二、单项选择()1.Peter_cookforhisparentswhentheInternationalDayofFamiliescame.A.offeredB.offeredtoC.offeringD.tooffer()2.Althoughyoumaymeetwithsome_,youshouldnevergiveup.A.difficultB.difficultyC.difficultiesD.difficultys()3.Hehasfewfriends.Helivesinasmallhouse_,heoftenfeels_.A.alone,lonelyB.alone,aloneC.lonely,lonelyD.lonely,alone()4.I_timewithmyparentsduringtheholidays.A.payB.spentC.costD.take()5.AfterreadingLesson9,he_readLesson10.A.continuedB.continuedtoC.continuingD.tocontinue()6.Theboywas_,hehadtoaskforleavebecauseofthe_.A.ill,illB.illness,illnessC.illness,illD.ill,illness三、首字母填空1.Therearemanykindsofv_work.2.Itaughtd_childrentosing.3.Threet_offeredtodosomevoluntaryworkduringtheschoolholidays.4.Iwillc_todovoluntaryworkinthefuture.5.Theyhaved_walkingormoving.6.Musiccanbringthedisablechildrenj_.7.Wemustr_enoughmoneyfortheconstructionoftheschool.8.Theyo_tohelptheold.9.Intheend,wealldecidedtoo_aconcertforEaster.10.Heh_hislegsinacaraccident.四、完成句子1.患难见真情。Afriend_isafriendindeed.2.他将在他空闲的时候继续在医院里帮忙。Hewill_atthehospitalinhisfreetime.3.这帮助他们表达他们的感受。This_theirfeelings.4.在暑假期间课，她想去做义务性工作，因此她将主动提出去医院帮忙。Shewantedtodo_duringthesummerholidays,soshell_atahospital.5.有时我还是在吃这些弱点的苦头。SometimesIstill_theseweaknesses.5.这个好消息使我们精神振奋。Thegoodnews_.6.我觉得你在使用杰克的电脑前，需要请求他的批准。Ithinkyouneedto_beforeyouuseJackscomputer.7.我不想在这么短的一个假期过去巴黎，我宁愿待在家里和我的孩子一起。IdontwanttogotoParisforsuchashortholiday.Idratherstayathomeand_ _mykids.8.学生们将会在下周为非洲的孩子们筹募。Thestudentswill_forthechildreninAfricanextweek.语法：动词不定式【动词不定式】是非谓语动词一种，在句子中，它除了不能作谓语外，可以担当其它任何成分，主语宾语、表语等。本课主要讲动词不定式作宾语的情况，（1）基本形式：to+动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带to）,其否定形式为：not to+动词原形。（2）动词不定式用法A、作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1)把不定式置于句首。如：Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=Itsnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。Itisgoodtohelpothers.帮助他人是件好事。ItisexcitingtosurftheInternet.上网是件令人兴奋的事。【练习】一、动词不定式作主语1.Itsourduty_theroomeveryday.A.tocleanB.cleanedC.cleanD.cleans2.Itshardforus_Englishwell.A.learnB.learnsC.tolearnD.learning（江西省）3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。Itwill_theworkersoverayear_theflyover.4.Itsverynice_youtogetmetwotickets_theWorldCup.A.for，ofB.of，forC.to，forD.of，toB、作表语（表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当，它常位于系动词（be,become,appear,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词）之后。如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的，那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句）Theimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.(完成工作)Whatyouhavetodonowistocleantheclassroom.(打扫教室).C作宾语1)动词+todo常见动词有agree,choose,decide,forget,fail, goon,learn,hope,mean(意味；想要)need,offer,plan,regret,require,remember,seem,stop,try,wish,want等注意：部分动词后接不定式与接动名词的含义不同。如stop,forget,remember1.Hedecidedtobuy(buy)thecamera.2.Iwanttolistento(listento)somemusicafterclass.3.Ihopetotravel(travel)allovertheworldoneday.2)动词+疑问代（副）词+todoIdontknowwhattodo.（做什么）howtodoit/that.（怎么做）wheretogo(去哪里)whentoleave(什么时候出发)Whichonetochoose(选择哪个)例：Ihaventdecidedwhentotakeaholidayyet.3)动词+it(形式宾语）+宾补+todoIfinditimportanttolearnEnglish我发现很难和他好好相处.Ifindithardtogetonwellwithhim.我发现在炎热的夏天很容易入睡.Ifinditeasytofallasleepinhotsummer.动词不定式做宾补1)动词+宾语+todoLiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.注：有以上结构的常用动词有tell.wish,ask,want，like,beg(请求),invite（邀请）,warn（警告，提醒）,allow,encourage,advise等。2)动词+宾语+do(不带to的不定式)注：常用的动词是:感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice；使役动词have,make,let.（如果将其改成被动语态，必须将不定式符号to还原。）例：Colorscanchangeourmoods(情绪)andmakeusfeelhappyorsad.固定搭配：makesb.dosth.【练习】动词不定式作宾语1.Hewants_somevegetables.A.buy B.buying C.tobuy D.buys2.Dontforget_yourhomeworkwithyouwhenyoucometoschool.A.tobring B.bringing C.totake D.taking3.Hefounditverydifficult_.A.sleeping B.sleeps C.slept D.tofallasleep动词不定式作宾语补足语1.Robertoftenasksus_hisChinese,sohisChineseismuchbetterthanbefore.A.helphim B.tohelphimwith C.tohelpwith D.helpshimwith2.MrLioftenteacheshisJapanesefriends_Chinesefood.A.cook B.cooks C.tocook D.cookedE、作状语（可以表目的、表结果、表原因）。为了强调目的，有时可以把不定式放在句首，或在不定式前面加inorderto或soasnottoIcameheretotellyougoodnews.(告诉你一个好消息)Shestudiedhardtopasstheexam.她刻苦学习，以便通过考试。F、作定语（必须后置）我们每天有很多作业要做.Wehavealotofhomeworktodoeveryday.我有个好消息要告诉你.Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式:1. 在固定词组hadbetter之后。注意:hadbetter的否定形式是hadbetternotdosth.。例如:Youhadbettergohomenow.你最好现在回家。Itscoldoutside.Youdbetternotgoout.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。2.will(would)youplease之后动词不定式不带to.Wouldyoupleasesayitagainmoreslowly?请你再慢慢说它一下好吗？3.在感官动词see,watch,feel,hear,lookat,listento和使役动词have,make,let后要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如:Imadethemgivemethemoneyback.我迫使他们把钱还给我。Ididntseeyoucomein.我没看见你进来。4.在引导疑问句的whynot之后。Whynot+不带to的不定式是Whydontyoudo的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如:Whynottakeaholiday。=Whydontyoutakeaholiday。为什么不休个假呢。Whynotgotherewithhim?为什么不和他一起去那儿？5.在动词help之后做宾语或宾语补足语的不定式，to可省略也可保留。Willyouhelpme(to)movethetable?请帮我搬一下桌子好吗？6.当but,except,besides之前有一个实义动词时，这个介词之后的动词不定式不带to.Whatdoyouliketodobesidesswim?除了游泳，你还爱好什么？【随堂训练】一、用方框内所给动词的适当形式填空1.The taxi driver failed_ (stop )at the red light.2. The manager didnt agree_(hold) the party in their restaurant .3. I tried _ (solve) the problem.4. They wish _ (have) a happy new year.5. Teachers told students _ (do) their homework by themselves.6. Mary will remember_ (send) Lucy a birthday card.7. Eva said she wanted_(take) evening classes of English.二、单项选择题( ) 1. He has made many friends here so he doesnt feel_.A. alone B. lonely C. happy D. serious( )2. Alice is a warm-hearted singer. She always teaches the children around her _A. sings B. sing C. singing D. losing( )3. Whenever people are in need, he always offers _them.A. to help B. helps C. help D. helped( )4. These disabled persons have difficulty_. Lets help them.A. walk B. walking C. walks D. walked( )5. After a short rest, they continued _.A. working B. works C. work D. worked( )6. What activities are you going to take part in?Im planning to raise money _ the earthquake victims.A. in B. with C. to D. for( )7. He lost his job_his illness.A. because B. because of C. so D. though( ) 8. The Spring Bud Project paid for me_to school.A. to return B. return C. in returning D. returned( ) 9. In my childhood, 1 learnt to cook and wash and do many_ things.A. the other B. other C. others D. the others( )10. Dont make people_ _anything they dont want_-A. do, to do B. to do, do C. doing, to do D. to do, doing( )11.Theworkerswantus_togetherwiththem.A.workB.workingC.toworkD.worked( )12.Thereisntanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydontknow_.A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.tochoosewhatD.tochoosewhich( )13.Theteachertoldthem_makesomuchnoise.A.dontB.notC.willnotD.notto( )14.Hegaveussomeadviceonhow_English.A.learningB.learnedC.tolearnD.learn( )15.Imthirsty.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething_.A.drunkB.todrinkC.tobedrunkD.fordrinking( )16.Tomisthefirst_toschool.A.getB.togetC.gettingD.Got( )17.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto( )18.Isawhim_outoftheroom.A.goB.hadgoneC.hasgoneD.goes( )19.-_moreabouttomorrowsweather,call121.-OK,Iwill.Thankyou.A.KnowB.KnowingC.ToknowD.Known( )20.Wemustdoeverythingwecan_wastewaterfromrunningintorivers.A.keepB.keptC.tokeepD.keeping( )21.Lets_playinthestreet.Fathertellsme_doso.A.notto；nottoB.not；nottoC.dont；tonotD.notto；dont( )22.WhenIcameintotheroom,hepretended_hishomework.A.todoB.bedoingC.doingD.tobedoing【提升训练】动词不定式专项练习( )1.Itswrong_not_heraletter.A.ofyou;towriteB.foryou;writingC.ofyou;writingD.foryou;write( )2.Imsorry,I_myexercisebookathome.Dontforget_ittoschooltomorrow,please.A.forget;totakeB.left;tobringC.forget;tobringD.left;totake( )3.Beforeyougoabroad,youneed_abouttablemannersinthatcountry.A.knewB.knownC.toknowD.knowing( )4.Ineedsomepaper_.A.towriteB.towriteonC.towriteinD.writing( )5.Ihavenopens_.Couldyoupleaselendmeone?Sure.Hereyouare.A.towriteB.towritedownC.towritewithD.towritein( )6.Doyouthinkourfootballteamwillwinthematch?Yes,wehavebetterplayers.SoI_themtowin.A.hopeB.askC.helpD.expect( )7.Iamallowed_until12:00ontheeveningoftheSpringFestival.A.stayupB.tostayupC.stayingupD.tostayingup8.The”NoCarDay”campaign(活动asksBeijingdrivers_theircarsathomeonedayeachmonth.A.leaveB.leavingC.toleaveD.tobeleft( )9.Doyoulikesports?Sure.Imlookingforwardto_the29thOlympicGamesnBeijingonTV.A.watchB.watchingC.watchD.watching( )10.Goodmannersusuallyhelppeopleto_eachother.A.getonwellwithB.getstartedC.befriendlyD.gettogether( )11.Theyprefer_TVto_newspapers.A.watching;readingB.watching;toreadC.towatch;readD.towatch;reading( )12.Oh,terrible!Iforgot_thewindow.Itswindy.Really?Letsgobackhomequickly.A.closingB.tocloseC.closedD.close( )13.Shoppingwithme?Sorry,Ihavealotofclothes_.A.towashB.washedC.washD.tobewashed( )14.OnherwayhomeLucysawathief_inashop.Shestopped_110atonce.A.steal;callB.tosteal;callC.stealing;tocallD.stealing;calling( )15.Therearesomedangerousfishesinthisriver,andItoldJack_here.A.nottoswimB.tonotswimC.swimnottoD.toswimnot( )16.MartinMurrayisafifteen-year-oldboy.Heused_a“problemchild”,butluckily,hismotherwasverypatient,anddidntgiveup_him.A.tobe;trytohelpB.being;tryinghelpingC.tobe;tryingtohelpD.being;tryhelping( )17.Alisaidthatshewouldntmind_aloneathome.A.leftB.beingleftC.tobeleftD.leaving( )18.Ifyoukeep_English,youcanlearnEnglishwell.A.practisingspeakB.prac