食品专业英语之工业基本术语.doc

食品工业基本术语GB150911.食品分类动物性食品 food of animal origin (animal food) 植物性食品 vegetable food (plant food) 传统食品 traditional food 干制食品 dehydrated food 糖制食品 confectionery 腌制品 curing food 烘焙食品 bakery 熏制食品 smoking food 膨化食品 puffed food (extruded food) 速冻食品 quick-frozen food 罐藏食品 canned food 方便食品 convenient food(fast food, prepared food, instant food) 特殊营养食品 food of special nutrients 婴幼儿食品 infant or baby food 强化食品 nutrient fortified food 天然食品 natural food 摸拟食品 imitation food 预包装食品 prepackaged food 食品制造 food manufacturing 食品加工 food processing 食品工业 food industry 食品资源 food resource 食品新资源 new resource for food 原料 raw material 配料 ingredient 主料 major ingredient (major material) 辅料 minor ingredient 食品添加剂 food additive 食品营养强化剂 food enrichment 加工助剂 processing aid 酶 enzyme 配料表 list of ingredients 配方 formula 食品包装材料 packaging material for food 食品包装容器 food container 软包装 flexible package 硬包装 rigid package 食品标签 food labelling 保质期 date of minimum durability 食品质量管理 food quality control 食品质量监督 food quality supervision 食品质量检验 food quality inspection 食品卫生 food hygiene (food safety) 食品营养 food nutrition 食品成分 food composition 食品分析 food analysis 食品工业标准化 food industry standardization 食品标准 food standard 食品产品标准 food product standard 食品卫生标准 food hygienic standard 食品厂卫生规范 hygienic code of food factory 食品分析方法标准 food analysing standard methed 良好加工规范 good manufacturing practice (GMP) 危害分析关键控制点 hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) 食品生产许可证 food production licence 食品产品合格证 food product qualification 食品卫生许可证 food hygiene licence 食品卫生合格证 food hygiene qualification 食品工业副产品 by-product of food industry 粮食 grain 粮食制品 cereal product 肉制品 meat product 食用油脂 edible oil and fat 乳制品 dairy product 水产品 sea food 水果制品 fruit product 蔬菜制品 vegetable product 植物蛋白食品 vegetable protein food 淀粉制品 starch-based product 蛋制品 egg product 糕点 pastry 糖果 candy 调味品 condiment (seasoning) 食用盐 edible salt (food grade salt) 饮料酒 alcoholic drink 无酒精饮料 non-alcoholic drink （ soft drink ）2.食品工艺原料清理 raw material handling (raw material cleaning) 原料预处理 pretreatment of raw material 酸处理 acid treatment 硫处理 sulphuring treatment 碱处理 alkali treatment 粉碎 grinding 破碎 cracking (crushing) 打浆 mashing 搅拌 mixing 分离 separation 离心分离 centrifugal separation 过滤 filtration 膜分离 membrane separation 筛分 screening (sifting) 沉降 precipitation 浓缩 concentration 蒸馏 distillation 精馏 rectification (distilling) 蒸发 evaporation 闪蒸 flash evaporation 离子交换 ion exchange 吸附 adsorption 吸收 absorption 解吸 deabsorption 干燥 drying 脱水 dehydration 复水 rehydration 浸取 extraction 压榨 pressing 乳化 emusifying 均质 homogenizing 发酵 fermentation 酿造 brewing 糊化 gelatinization 凝沉 retrogradation 液化 liquifying (liquefaction) 糖化 saccharification (conversion) 氢化 hydrogenation 嫩化 tenderization 软化 softening 营养强化 fortification (enrichment) 膨化 extrusion (puffing) 精制 refining 烘焙 baking 熏制 smoking 保鲜 refreshment (refreshing) 冷藏 cold storage , frozen storage 速冻 quick-freezing 气调贮藏 storage in controlled atmosphere 干制保藏 drying preservation (preserved by dehydration ; drying process) 腌制保藏 curing preservation (preserved by curing process) 盐渍 salting 酱渍 saucing 糖渍 sugaring 酸渍 pickling 糟渍 cured or pickled with germented grains 辐照保藏 irradiation preservation 化学保藏 chemical preservation 成熟 ripening 后熟 maturation 灭菌 sterilization 超高温瞬时灭菌 ultra high temperature short time sterilization 商业无菌 commercial sterilization 消毒 disinfection 巴氏消毒 pasteurization 接种 inoculation 培菌 cultivation 染菌 microbiological contamination （ contamination ）3.食品指标营养素 nutrient 蛋白质 protein 粗蛋白质 crude protein 植物蛋白 vegetable protein 动物蛋白 animal protein 蛋白质营养学评价 nutritional evaluation 蛋白质变性 protein denaturation 蛋白质互补 complementary action of protein 氨基酸 amino acid 必需氨基酸 essential amino acid 脂肪 fat (oil and fat) 粗脂肪 crude fat 脂肪酸 fatty acid 饱和脂肪酸 saturated fatty acid 不饱和脂肪酸 unsaturated fatty acid 碳水化合物 carbohydrate 有效碳水化合物 effective carbohydrate 粗纤维 crude fiber 膳食纤维 dietary fiber 矿物质 mineral matter 微量元素 trace element 维生素 vitamin 脂溶性维生素 liposoluble vitamin (fat soluble vitamin) 水溶性维生素 water soluble vitamin 每日推荐的营养素供给量 (RDA) recommended daily nutrient allowance 水分 moisture content 水分活度 water activity 热量 calorie 固形物 solid content 可溶性固形物 soluble solid 不溶性固形物 insoluble solid 食品污染 food contamination 生物性污染 biologic contamination 化学性污染 chemical contamination 放射性污染 radioactive contamination 重金属 heavy metal 微生物毒素 microbial toxin 农药残留 residue of pesticide 兽药残留 residue of veterinary drug 食物中毒 food poisoning 酸败 rancidity 腐败 spoilage 霉变 mould 褐变 browning 食物安全毒理学评价 toxicological evaluation for food safety 人体每日允许摄入量 (ADI) acceptable daily intake (ADI) 食品感官检验 sensory analysis ( sensory evaluation) 感官特性 organoleptic attribute 食品理化检验 food physical and chemical analysis 总糖 total reducing sugar 还原糖 reducing sugar 酸度 acidity 总酸 total acid 碘价 iodine value 酸价 acid value 过氧化值 peroxide value 食品微生物学检验 food microbiological analysis 菌落总数 total plate count 大肠菌群 coliform 致病菌 pathogenic bacterium 抗生素 antibiotic 4.粮食、油料及其加工产品的名词术语粮食 grain 原粮 raw grain稻谷 paddy,rough rice 籼稻谷 long-grain nonglutinous rice早籼稻谷 early long-grain nonglutinous rice晚籼稻谷 late long-grain nonglutinous rice粳稻谷 medium to short-grain nonglutinous rice早粳稻谷 early round-grain nonglutinous rice晚粳稻谷 late medium to short-grain nonglutinous rice 糯稻谷 glutinous rice 籼糯稻谷 long-grain glutinous rice粳糯稻谷 round-grain glutinous rice中熟稻谷 middle-season rice陆稻谷(旱稻谷) upland rice 小麦 wheat 冬小麦 winter wheat 春小麦 spring wheat 白色硬质小麦 hard white wheat白色软质小麦 soft white wheat红色硬质小麦 hard red wheat红色软质小麦 soft red wheat混合硬质小麦 hard mixed wheat 混合软质小麦 soft mixed wheat 黑麦 rye 黑小麦 triticale 高梁 sorghum,kaoliang,milo 玉米 maize,corn(美) 黄玉米 yellow corn白玉米 white corn糯玉米 glutinous corn杂玉米 mixed corn燕麦 common oats 莜麦 hulless oats,naked oats 大麦 barley。 裸大麦 hulless barley,highland barley,nacked barley 粟 foxtail millet,millet in husk 粳粟 non-glutinous foxtail millet 糯粟 glutinous foxtail millet黍 broomcorn millet(glutinous),common millet 稷 broomcorn millet(non-glutinous)薏苡 jobs tears,adlay 大豆 soybean,soyabean,soya黄大豆 yellow soybean 青大豆green soybean 黑大豆 black soybean褐大豆 brown soybean赤大豆 red soybean茶色大豆 dark brown soybean花斑大豆 piebald soybean饲料豆(秣食豆) feed soybean 杂色大豆 mixed soybean 小豆 sma