国际商务英语历年真题及答案.doc

. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese. (10%)1. in a detour 迂回2. competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值3. consignor 寄售人4. customer mobility 客户流动性5. escape clauses 豁免条款6. share holders 股东7. potential loss 潜在损失8. carrying vessel 运载船只9. negligent 粗心大意10. specific duty从量税. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English. (10%)11.债权国The credit country12.国际合同International contract13.定期付款/分阶段付款Term payment14.被保险人The insured15.人口计划The population plan16.特惠税The preferential duty17.基础设施项目Infrastructure construction project18.装箱单Shipping list19.破产Disrupted20.土地和劳动力Land and labor force. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right. (10%)21. facilities(d )a. the price or cost of transportation22. premises(g ) b. easily to go bad23. middleman(f ) c. not to do something that has been arranged or decided upon24. perishable (b ) d. something designed, built or installed to serve a specificfunction or perform a particular service25. access(j ) e. the act of paying a bill, debt, charge, etc.26. controversy(i ) f. trader through whom goods pass between the producer andthe customer27. carriage(a ) g. a tract of land including its buildings28. settlement(e ) h. an official group of persons who direct or supervise someactivities of a firm29. board(h ) i. public argument about something which many peopledisagree with30. cancel(c ) j. a way by which a place, esp. property can be reached orentered or used. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English. (10%)31. term draft 远期汇票A draft which requires to pay after sight or in a given period of time after representation of relevant documents.32. transferable credit可转让信用证Credit which can be transferred to other parties during the transportation of goods.33. direct quote直接报价A certain amount of foreign currency, usually one unit or one hundred unit, is marked with equivalent amount of home currency.34. acquisition收购Buying existing facilities35. GATT关税和贸易总协定The General Agreement of Tariff and Trade.V. Answer the following questions in English. (20%)36. What are the five major modes of the modern freight transportation system?Water, air, road, rail, pipeline37. What do “valued” policies mean?Valued policies mean that a country provide investors with preferential policies for insured return in order to attract foreign investment.38. What is the purpose to establish GSP(the Generalized System of Preference)?The purpose of GSP is to help development of developing countries by provide tariff concession to them.39. What is the relationship between MNEs and their host countries?The relationship of MNEs and their host countries is interdependable and interactive. Translate the following into Chinese. (15%)40. The Bank for International Settlement (BIS) is a unique institution. Many of its operations are of types normally performed by a commercial bank, but it is owned principally by central banks, and managed by central banks and its principal customers are central banks. The objects of BIS are to promote the cooperation among central banks and to provide additional facilities for international operations.国际结算银行是一个独特的机构。尽管它拥有商业银行的许多常规业务，但它却是由中央银行拥有，管理并将各国央行作为其主要客户。它的目标是促进各国央行间的合作，从而为国际贸易提供额外的支持。41. In the 1970s and 1980s counter trade was different from the old practice although some similarities remained. Current counter trade partners are not necessarily familiar partners and goods exchanged are sometimes vertically related. Current counter trade can be categorized as follows.20世纪七八十年代，对销贸易尽管保留一些与过去相似的地方，但它却与过去明显不同。它的贸易伙伴不再是熟悉的伙伴，交易的商品也并不总是垂直相关的。现行的对销贸易可分类如下 。. Translate the following into English. (25%)42跨国公司是在一个以上国家拥有、控制和经营资产的商业组织。MNC refers to an commercial organization which owns, controls and manages asset in more other one country.43世界各国被世界银行分为三大领域：高收入国家，中等收入国家和低收入国家。Countries in the world are grouped into four categaries by the World Bank:high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries.44企业投保的主要刺激是他们可以腾出资金，进行其他项目的投资。The main stimulas for intreprises to insure is that they can release their funds and invest in other projects.45信用证的付款方式对买卖双方都提供了保障。The payment of credit provides assurance to both the buyers and the sellers.46世界上任何一个地方任何一种社会的经济增长都与利用运输有直接的关系。In any place of the world, the economic growth of any society has a direct relation with the adoption of transportation. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese （10%）1. income distribution of a market 市场收入分布2. set forth 陈述,阐明3. clean credit 光票信用证4. equity investment 股权投资5. akin to 同类,近似6. endowment of nature 自然的赋予7. all risks 一切险8. non-trade settlement 非贸易结算9. standing committee 常务委员会10. comparative advantage 比较利益. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English（10%）11.自由贸易区 free trade zone12. 进口税 import duty13. 开证银行 opening bank14. 中间产品 intermediate product15. 对外直接投资 foreign direct investment16. 技术转让 transfer of technology17. 特别提款权 special drawing rights18. 制成品 finished goods19. 外汇短缺 foreign exchange shortage20. 配额限制 quota restraint. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right（10%）21. productive a. one in which one of the parties agrees to supply, at the contract price, a complete product ready for use, such as a new home, factory, ship, etc.22. primary commodities b. absence of agreement23. hyperinflation c. to substitute a claim against one person for a claim against another person24. discrepancy d. a person who owns money25. practitioner e. producing in high efficiency or in large quantity26. turnkey project f. those commodities not processed, or only slightly processed, usually farm produce or raw materials27. constitute g. money held aside to meet future demand28. subrogate h. make up; amount to; form29. reserve i. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation30. debtor j. soaring of prices beyond control21._e_ 22. _f_23. _j_24. _b_25. _i_26. _a_27. _h_28. _c_29. _g_30. _d_. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English （10%）31. drawback: a tariff treatment under which a country is required to extend to all the signatories any tariff concessions granted to any participating countries.32. confirmed credit:If a credit is confirmed by a bank other than the issuing bank, it is a confirmed credit.33. dirty float:The central banks take various measures to intervene in the price of its currency, the current practice is often called a managed float or dirty float. 34. international licensing:In international licensing, a firm release the right to use its intellectual property to an firm in another country. Such property may be trademarks, brand names patents, copyrights, or technology.35. IMF:Short for International Monetary Fund, was created in December, 1945 to oversee the functioning of the international monetary system. Answer the following questions in English（20%）36. Why is it necessary to change the term “marine insurance” into “transportation insurance”?Because goods do not go overseas solely by sea air transport takes an increasing share of cargo these days. Similarly export cargo moves to the hinterland in the same way.37. What institutions does the World Bank Group consist of?The World Bank Group consists of three affiliates: the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC) and the Multilateral Investment Grantee Agency (MIGA).38. Why does the exporter sometimes require a confirmed letter of credit?Because the credit mount is too large or because the exporter does not fully trust the opening bank.39. What are the two wheels of APEC?The two wheels are trade and investment liberation and facilitation and economic and technical cooperation. Translate the following into Chinese （15%）40. It should be noted, however, that the existence of a letter of credit is not a guarantee of payment to anyone. Its existence only assures payment to the beneficiary if the terms and conditions of the letter of credit are fulfilled. In addition, a letter of credit does not insure that the materials purchased will be those invoiced or shipped.然而应该注意到，有了信用证并不能保证对任何人付款，信用证只保证在其条款得到满足的情况下对受益人付款。另外，信用证不担保发票载明的货物或实际装运的货物就是所购货物。41. The IFC was established in 1956. Its function is to assist the economic development of less-developed countries by promoting growth in the private sector of their economies and helping to mobilize domestic and foreign capital for this purpose. Membership in the IBRD is a prerequisite for membership in the IFC.国际金融公司成立于1956年，其宗旨是通过促进经济中私营企业的增长并为此目的帮助调动国内外资本，从而援助不发达国家的经济发展。参加国际金融公司的会员必须是世界银行的会员。. Translate the following into English（25%）42. 在所有条款中，买卖双方各自的义务排列在10项标题下。Under all terms, the respective obligations of the buyer and the seller are grouped under ten headings.43.随着制造业和技术的发展，出现了另一个刺激贸易的因素，即国际专业化。With the development of manufacturing and technology, there arose another incentive for trade, i.e. international specialization. 44.外汇汇率有三种形式，即：买进汇率，售出汇率和两者的平均值中间汇率。There are three types of foreign exchange price namely：the buying rate, the selling rate and the average of the previous two - the medial rate.45.这些机构的共同目标是通过把发达国家的资金输送到发展中国家帮助这些国家提高生活水平。The common objective of these institutions is to help raise standards of living in developing countries by channeling financial resources to them from developed countries.46.自从进入WTO后，中国商业银行及保险行业日益受到来自国外同行的竞争。Chinese commercial banks and insurance enterprises have faced the increasing competition from their foreign counterparts since China entered WTO. I. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese (10%)：1. counter trade 对销贸易，反向贸易2. hyperinflation极度通货膨胀3. European Payment Union 欧洲支付联盟4. consignment寄售5. debit 借方6. drawee 受票人7. partial shipment 分批装运8. confirmed credit保兑信用证9. entrepreneur企业家10. client顾客II. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English (10%)：11. 肮脏浮动dirty float12. 中间价medial rate13. 汇率exchange rate14. 有价证券securities15. 普惠制Generalized System of Preferences 16. 国民待遇national treatment17. 反贴补措施counter-veiling-measures18. 免责条款escape clauses19. 殖民地 colony20. 领土territoryIII. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanation on the right (10%)：( a )21. permanent a. lasting( g )22. ratify b. a person or thing that closely resembles another in position or function( i )23. optimal c. the state of being a member of a certain organization( c )24. membership d. authority given to perform a duty( j )25. joint venture e. an outlet for discussion of matters of interest to a given group( h )26. tax holiday f. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation( f )27. practitioner g. make an agreement or a treaty officially valid by signing it( d )28. mandate h. a period of time during which tax is not levied( b )29. counterpart i. best or most favourable( e )30. forum j. a business where the provision of risk capital is shared between two or more firmsIV. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English (10%)：31. recipient A person or an organization etc. that receives something32. world company A multinational company whose national identity has been blurred33. inflation Rise in prices brought about by the excess demand, expansion of money supply, credit etc34. applicant of an L/C The importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of an L/C35. middleman trader Person through whom goods pass between the producer and the consumerV. Answer the following questions in English (20%)：36. How do you define “transportation”?In a broad sense, transportation is defined as the movement of freight and passengers from one location to another.37. What are clean drafts? Clean drafts are drafts which are not accompanied by the shipping documents.38. What is a usance credit? A usance credit is one by which payment cannot be made until a specific date or a specific time after the date or after sight.39. What is foreign direct investment? Foreign direct investment is the major form of international investment, whereby residents of one country acquire assets in a foreign country for the purpose of controlling and managing them.VI. Translate the following passage into Chinese (10%)：40.A straight bill of lading is made out so that only the named consignee is entitled to take delivery of the goods under the bill. This consignee is designated by the shipper. The carrier has to hand over the cargo to the named consignee, not to any third party in possession of the bill. This kind of bill of lading is not transferable. The shipper cant pass the bill to a third party by endorsement. Because of the limited functions, this bill is in