美国、日本和中国的教育比较的英文ppt(中西文化对比).ppt_第1页
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ThecomparisonofeducationbetweenAmericaJapanandChina Inthepastseveralminutes ourgrouprememberhasintroducedthesecondaryeducationandhighereducationofAmerica JapanandChina Now Iwillcomparetheeducationofthethreecountryfromaglobalaspect EducationalSystem YearsinSchoolAmericavs Japanvs China Thethreeschoolsystemsarecomposedofthefollowing Elementaryschool lastsixyearsMiddleSchool lastthreeyearsHighSchool lastthreeyearsCollege fouryears EducationintheUnitedStates EducationalsystemofJapan HistoryofEducation HistoryofAmericanEducation ThefirstAmericanschoolsopenedduringthecolonialera In1642theMassachusettsBayColony 马萨诸塞 美国州名 海湾殖民地 made proper educationcompulsory Similarstatutes 法令 法规 wereadoptedinothercoloniesinthe1640sand1650s Thefirstpublicschoolswereopenedin1849 By1870 everystateprovidedfreeelementaryeducation HistoryofJapaneseEducation ThehistoryofeducationinJapandatesbackatleasttothesixthcentury whenChineselearningwasintroducedduringtheYamatoperiod 大和時代 ForeigncivilizationshaveoftenprovidednewideasforthedevelopmentofJapan sownculture HistoryofChineseEducation Formaleducationhasbeentracedbacktothe16thcenturyinthelaterShangDynasty 1523 1027BC TheteachingsofConfucianismduringtheSpringandAutumnandWarringStatesperiods thecurriculumweremainlybasedonthe FourBooksandTheFiveClassics Theseteachingsoutlinedtheprinciplesofsocietyandgovernment thecodesforpersonalconduct andcollectivelydefinedtheConfucianphilosophy DuringHandynasty thefirsrcivilserviceexamwassetup IthadbeenuseduntiltheQingdynasty Secondaryeducation AmericanMiddleandHighSchools Studentsbecomemoreresponsiblefortheirowneducation Middleschoolpreparesstudentstogoontohighschool Studentstakescience math socialstudies readingandtechnology P E isusuallymandatoryinprimarythrough9thgrade Aclassroominaseniorhighschool JapaneseJuniorHighandHighSchools Lowersecondaryschoolcoversgradesseven eight andnine withincreasedfocusonacademicstudiesMostofthestudentswillchoosetoenterhighschoolseventhoughthecompulsoryeducationisended Thefirst yearprogramsforstudentsaresimilar Coursecontentandcourseselectionarefarmoreindividualizedinthesecondyear HighSchoolStudents ChineseMiddleSchools Chinesemiddleschoolsconsistoftwoparts Jr middleschoolandSr middleSchool eachlaststhreeyearsJr MiddleSchoolisacontinuationofPrimarySchool Sr MiddleschoolisliketheAmericanHighSchoolInSr Middleschool studentschoosea major ofhumanitiesorsciences TheyhavetopassaNationalExamattheendofMiddleschool Colleges Universities America Thereareabout3000collegesanduniversities bothprivateandpublicintheU S Theyareallindependent offeringtheirownchoiceofstudies settingtheirownadmissionstandardsanddecidingwhichstudentsmeetthosestandards Thegreatertheprestigeoftheuniversity thehigherthecreditsandgradesrequired Studyincollege Groupwork Discussionanddebate HarvardUniversity HarvardUniversityisoneoftheearliestprivateuniversities totrainpostgraduateandmainlyengagedinscientificresearchofcomprehensiveuniversity headquartersislocatedinBoston sCambridgecity totaladdressisByerly 8 Cambridge GardenStreet HarvardUniversity Japan Thereareabout600popularuniversitiesandcolleges Four yearlearningtoearnbachelor sdegree Pubilcuniversitiesarecomposedofnationaluniversitiesandlocaluniversities Halfoftheuniversitiesareprivate UniversityofTokyo 東京大学 TheUniversityofTokyo TheUniversityofTokyoisamajorresearchuniversitylocatedinTokyo Japan TheuniversitywascharteredbytheMeiji 明治 governmentin1877 ItisconsideredtobethemostprestigiousuniversityinJapan FifteenprimeministersinJapanhavestudiedatUniversityofTokyo Sevenalumni 校友 ofUniversityofTokyohavereceivedtheNobelPrize China Thereareover2 000universitiesandcolleges withmorethansixmillionenrollmentsintotal Atypicalstudentenrolledinauniversitylivesinadormitoryroomwhichshe heshareswithfrom1to7people andeatsinthedininghallsoncampus Itiscommonlyconsideredthatpublicuniversitiesespeciallythosenationalonesarebetterthanprivateuniversities PekingUniversity knowninChineseasBeida wasfoundedasImperialCapitalUniversityin1898 ItisthefirstformallyestablishedmodernnationaluniversityofChina PekingUniversitywasinfluentialinthebirthofChina
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