语法复习_虚拟语气

陈述语气Iwenttothetheatreyesterday Jackhadn tcomebackhomeyet 祈使语气Let sgo Don ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings 一 语气的分类 英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气 陈述语气 祈使语气和虚拟语气 不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示 虚拟语气IfIwereyou Iwouldnotleaveheralone Ourteachersuggestedthatwegotothelibrarythisafternoon 关于陈述语气1 用来陈述讲话人认为是事实的事情 Iamnotinterestedinwhatyousaid HaveyoueverbeentoFrance Whatasplendidpalace Whatwillyoudoifitrainstomorrow Iwillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow 关于陈述语气2 关于祈使语气1 TheImperativeMood 关于祈使语气2 关于祈使语气3 关于祈使语气4 2020 4 5 虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood 如果我有一千万 我就能买一栋房子我有一千万吗 没有 所以我仍然没有房子 如果我有翅膀 我就能飞 我有翅膀吗 没有 所以我也没办法飞 如果把整个太平洋的水倒出 也浇不息我对你爱情的火整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗 不行 所以我并不爱你 TheSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气 Theseshowyourgoodwishesordreams Itisevidentthattheyarenotrealortheycan tcometrue romantic unrealistic bestwishes 2020 4 5 条件句 分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种 a 真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的 采用陈述语气 b 虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的 采用虚拟语气 TheSubjunctiveMood 表示说话人所说的话不是事实 而是一种假设 愿望 怀疑或推测 虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句 真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气 假设的情况可能发生 其中if是如果的意思 时态关系句型 条件从句主句一般现在时shall will 动词原形Ifhecomes hewillbringhisviolin Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit A willrainB rainsC rainedD israined 答案B真实条件句主句为将来时 从句用一般现在时 注意 在真实条件句中 主句不能用begoingto表示将来 该用shall will 错 Ifyouleavenow youarenevergoingtoregretit 对 Ifyouleavenow youwillneverregretit 2 表示真理时 主句谓语动词便不用shall will 动词原形 而直接用一般现在时的动词形式 Ifhehastime healwayswalksintothecaf andasksforacupofcoffee 二 if 虚拟条件句的概念 由 if 引导的虚拟条件句叫作 if 虚拟条件句IcouldeasilyrecognizeifIhadseenhimbefore 其他虚拟条件句 without或butfor Withoutyourhelp Icouldn thavefinishedmyworkontime 三 if 虚拟条件句的结构 a 表示与现在事实相反的假设b 表示与过去事实相反的假设c 表示与将来事实相反的假设 1 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中表示与现在事实相反的假设 虚拟语气 IfIwereaboy Iwouldjointhearmy Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery IfIwonthelottery Iwould IfIwonthelotterynow Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld IfIwonthelottery Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar IfIhadalotofmoney Iwouldbuyavilla villa Ifitwerefinenow Iwouldgoshopping IfI ateacher I were IfIwereateacher Iwouldnotleavemuchhomework a Ifthey be here they take youradvice b Iftheworld war burst outagain what happen toourpeopleonearth were wouldtake burst wouldhappen PRACTICE1 Fillintheblanks c IfI be inyourposition I ask forteacher shelp were wouldask 过去完成时 had done would could should might have done b 表示与过去事实相反的假设 Ifhe morecarefully he thecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad 发生交通事故haveacaraccident IfI timelastnight I toseethefilmwithyou havetime go hadhad wouldhavegone IfI howtoswim learn I trappedinthisisland betrapped hadlearnt wouldnothavebeen a IfTom be morecarefulintheexam he pass italready b Ifyou get upearlier you catch thefirsttrain hadbeen wouldhavepassed hadgot wouldhavecaught PRACTICE2 Fillintheblanks catch caught caught c IfI meet youyesterday we go totheconcerttogether hadmet wouldhavegone 1 过去时 v ed 2 should v 3 weretodo would could should might v 原 c 表示与将来事实相反的假设 1 Iftheteacheraskedmetosolvetheproblemnexttime Icouldtrymybest 2 Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime hewouldtryagain 3 Ifweweretopanic 惊慌 wewouldnotbeabletohelp Ifhegotupearlytomorrow hewouldbeontime Ifwe ZhejiangUniversity visit tomorrow wewouldgotothelibrary twoyearslater maybeyouwillbeinXUniversity visitedshouldvisitweretovisit Nothingintheworldcanbeaspainfulasthis Justletyourswordcutintomythroat Don thesitate IftheGod meanotherchance I thegirlthreewords Iloveher give tell Ifourlove besetatimelimit Iwishit 10 000years haveto be shouldgive weretogive gave wouldtell hadto wouldbe IfIdid weretodo should v Iwould could might should v IfIgrewup Iwouldbea an justlikeLuYu WhenIgrowup actress刘亦菲 guitarplayer hostess鲁豫 If条件状语从句 weredid might shouldwould could do haddone would could shouldmighthavedone IfIwereateacher Iwouldnotleavemuchhomework Ifwehadstudiedharder wewouldhaveenteredCan nanhighschool If条件状语从句 didshoulddowereto would coulddo 1 IfIhadhadenoughmoneyIwouldbuyanewcar 2 Hewouldhavecometothepartyifhewasn tbusy3 IfIwerethevolunteerofShanghaiexpo Iwouldnothavestudiedhere 4 IfIhadstudiedEnglishhardinmiddleschool myEnglishwouldnothavebeensopoor bad now Proofwriting wouldhavebought hadnotbeen wouldnotstudy wouldnotbe 虚拟语气的倒装IfIwereateacher Iwouldhavelotsofstudents Iateacher Iwouldhavelotsofstudents IfIhadenteredrui anhighschool Iwouldnotsitherenow enteredrui anhighschool Iwouldnotsitherenow IfweshouldvisitZhejiangUniversitytomorrow Iwouldplaybasketballthere ZhejiangUniversitytomorrow Iwouldplaybasketballthere Were HadI Shouldwe 三 介词without引导的短语代替if引导的条件从句 有时if引导的虚拟条件从句 可用介词without或butfor引导的短语来代替Iftherewerenowater fishcouldnotlive Withoutwater fishcouldnotlive 2 Ifyouhadnothelpedme Iwouldhavefailed Without butforyourhelp Iwouldhavefailed 3 IfthePartydidn tleadus wecouldnotrealize WithouttheParty sleadership wecouldnotrealize 虚拟语气 虚拟语气在在条件从句中 Testingform 1 Ididn tseeyoursisteratthemeeting Ifshe shewouldhavemetmybrother A hascomeB didcomeC cameD hadcome2 ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher I thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition A wouldnotwinB wouldnothavewonC wouldwinD wouldhavewon 3Iftherewerenowaterintheworld everything A willdieB woulddieC wouldhavediedD havedied4IfI you I moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases A was shallpayB am willpayC wouldbe wouldpayD were wouldpay 5Alan thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon AwouldhavemissedB hadmissedC wouldmissD missed6 Itwasthedrug notthedisease thatkilledtheboy Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe thatdrug A nottakeB shouldn thavetakenC didn ttakeD hadn ttaken 7 2002上海高考题 ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI inlove attheageofseven withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown A wouldn thavefallenB hadnotfallenC shouldfallD weretofall8 Ifit sohard we dgototown A isn trainingB weren trainingC doesn trainD hasrain 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同 这叫做混合条件句 例句中从句与过去事实相反 主句与现在事实相反 Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday youwouldknowwhattodonow Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful themallwouldnotbeonfirenow Theend wish InSubjunctivemood 虚拟语气的特殊用法 2 IwishIwereastallasYaoMing IWish IwishIwereabird 1 表示对现在情况的虚拟 从句动词用过去式 v ed be动词一般用were Iwisheverydayweremybirthday Iwish wishedIhadn teatensomuchwatermelon 2 表示对过去情况的虚拟 从句动词常用 had 过去分词 Thepartywasterrible IwishIhadnevergonetoit 3 表示对将来的主观愿望 从句动词形式为 would 动词原形 但愿她立刻来 Iwishshewouldcomesoon Iwishitwouldraintomorrow Iwish tomorrow 二 wish宾语从句用虚拟语气 1 IwishI be asstrongasyou 2 HowIwishI be youngagain 3 IwishI see youyesterday 4 IwishI know yourtelephonenumberearlier 5 IwishI canfly tothemoononeday were were hadseen hadknown couldfly 6 HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing No butIwishI A haveB willC doD had7 IwishthatI withyoulastnight A couldhavegoneB couldgoC havegoneD wentE hadgone 5 Iwishthatyou suchabadheadachebecauseI msurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert A wouldn thaveB didn thaveC hadn thadD haven thad6IwishI abletotellhimallaboutitlastnight A wasB wereC hadbeenD shouldbe 三 asif asthrough引导的方式状语从句 好象 似乎 1 Thewomantakesgoodcareoftheorphansasifshe be theirownmother 2 ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshe study itinEngland 3 Itlooksasifit be goingtorain were hadstudied were 3 asif asthough Hebehavesasifheownedthehouse Buthedoesn townitorprobablydoesn townitorwedon tknowwhetherheownsitornot HetalksaboutRomeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself DemandSuggestOrderProposeRequestCommandInsist etc should do 表示愿望 建议 命令 请求等 4 Theseshowyourgoodwishesordreams 退一步海阔天空 时态往后退 Italsocanshowsuggestions orders requirements要用should do构成 P87记得要背诵这些词 o 哦 09年高考再现 Itisrecommendedthatyou swimaftereatingalargemeal A wouldn tB couldn tC needn tD shouldn t Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheboss theirpayby20 A shouldraiseB wouldberaisedC raisedD raiseTheinsistedthathe be rightand free set Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedtha