2010年职称英语理工类B级强化训练及答案二

大家论坛 下面共有 15 个句子 每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线 请从每个句子后面所给的 4 个选 项中选择 1 个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语 1 Have you talked to her lately A lastly B finally C shortly D recently 2 While we don t agree we continue to be friends A Because B Where C Although D Whatever 3 In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently A thought B account C mind C brain 4 You must shine your shoes A polish B clear C wash D mend 5 The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident A secrets B details C benefits D words 6 I m content with the way the campaign has gone A tied B satisfied C filled D concerned 7 This table is strong and durable A long lasting B extensive C far reaching D eternal 8 He endured agonies before he finally expired A fired B resigned C died D retreated 9 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror A staring B laughing C shouting D smiling 10 For urban areas this approach was wholly inadequate A really B basically C fundamentally D completely 11 Mary has blended the ingredients A mixed B made C cooked D eaten 12 They agreed to modify their policy A clarify B change C define D develop 13 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September A play B send 大家论坛 C show D tell 14 A notably short man he plays basketball with his staff several times a week A practically B considerably C remarkably D fairly 15 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth A take out B repair C push in D dig 答案 答案 1 1 D D 2 2 C C 3 3 B B 4 4 A A 5 5 B B 6 6 B B 7 7 A A 8 8 C C 9 9 A A 10 10 D D 11 11 A A 12 12 B B 13 13 C C 14 14 C C 15 15 A A 阅读下面这篇短文 短文后列出了 7 个句子 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 如果该句提 供的是正确信息 请选 A 如果该句的是错误信息 请选 B 如果该句的信息文章中没有提及 请选 C MotherMother NatureNature ShowsShows HerHer StrengthStrength Tornadoes 龙卷风 and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening The storms were dramatic and dangerous George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel 漏斗状的 cloud was behind him 1 stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared Snyder said Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday In Trumbull County a tornado turned trees onto their sides Some trees fell onto houses and cars Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began 1 knew something was wrong she said 1 saw the sky go green and pink 粉红色 Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area It will take a long time and much money to repair everything There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water This made it difficult for fire trucks police cars and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety 大家论坛 Some people reported five feet of water in their homes Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated 撤走 The Red Cross served meals to them This was a really intense storm said Snyder People were afraid Mother Nature can be fierce We were lucky this time No one was killed 1 The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 2 George Snyder was a firefighter A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 3 Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the basement when the storm began A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 4 Power supply system was not damaged during the storm A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 5 There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 6 Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 7 Several people were missing during the storm A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 答案 答案 1 1 B B 2 2 A A 3 3 B B 4 4 B B 5 5 C C 6 6 A A 7 7 C C 解析 解析 1 B 抓住名词 Trumbull County 和时间 Saturday evening 定位在原文的第一句 Tornadoes 龙 卷风 and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening Trumbull County 周六晚上遭到了龙卷风 所以天气不能是 Nice 的 2 A George Snyder 在第二段话的第一句就出现了 George Snyder was driving the fire truck 这里的 fire truck 就是救火车的意思 所以可以得出 George Snyder 是消防员 3 B Amanda Symcheck 在第四段出现的 Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began 和 I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection 结合 这两句话我们可以判断 Amanda Symcheck 是龙卷风来临时在举行 party 但是没有再地下室里面 因 为最后一句提到了为了安全 他带领所有人到地下室里 4 B Power supply system 是供电系统 第五段最后一句 The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes 大雨和大风导致许多家庭停电 所以说法是错误的 5 C 题干的意思是 Trumbull County 已经 100 年没有遭遇这么大的暴风雨了 文中只对这次的暴风 雨带来的后果进行描述 但是并没有说这是百年罕见的大暴雨 所以单选择 C 6 A Rescue vehicles 是救护交通工具等 倒数第三段 This made it difficult for fire truck s police cars and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble 所以说法正 确 7 C 倒数第二段主要是讲暴风雨带给人民的 但是没有人失踪的叙述 所以选择 C 大家论坛 1 Ford s great strength was the manufacturing process not invention Long before he started a car company he was a worker known for picking up pieces of metal and wire a nd turning them into machines He started putting cars together in 1891 Although it wa s by no means the first popular automobile the Model T showed the world just how creat ive Ford was at combining technology and market 2 The company s assembly line alone threw America s Industrial Revolution into over drive 高速运转 Instead of having workers put together the entire car Ford s frien ds who were great toolmakers from Scotland organized teams that added parts to each M odel T as it moved down a line By the time Ford s Highland Park plant was humming 嗡 嗡作响 along in 1914 the world s first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes 3 The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the 5 a day minimum wage scheme the greatest contribution he had ever made The average wage in the auto industry then was 2 34 for a 9 hour shift Ford not only doubled that he also took an hour off the workday In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn t involve an awful lot of training or education The Wall Street Jo urnal called the plan an economic crime and critics everywhere laughed at Ford 4 But as the wage increased later to daily 10 it proved a critical component of F ord s dream to make the automobile accessible 可及的 to all The critics were too st upid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car the higher wages di dn t matter except for making it possible for more people to buy cars 1 Paragraph 1 2 Paragraph 2 3 Paragraph 3 4 Paragraph 4 A Ford s Followers B The Assembly Line C Ford s Great Dream D The Establishment of the Company E Ford s Biggest Contribution F Ford s Great Talent 5 The assembly line made it possible to 6 Ford was the first to adopt 7 Higher wages enabled many people to 8 Ford s higher wage and lower cost strategy was strongly A criticized by the media B the low wage in the auto industry C own a car D produce cars in large numbers E the 8 hour shift practice F combined technology and market 大家论坛 答案 答案 1 1 F F 2 2 B B 3 3 E E 4 4 C C 5 5 D D 6 6 E E 7 7 C C 8 8 A A 第一篇第一篇 U S U S BlacksBlacks Hard hitHard hit byby CancerCancer Death rates for cancer are falling for all Americans but black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites the American Cancer Society said Monday In a special report on cancer and blacks the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites and they are more likely to die of the disease This could be because of unequal 不平等的 access to medical care because blacks are more likely to have other diseases as well and perhaps because of differences in the biology 生物学 of the cancer itself the report added In general black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis the report said In describing cancer statistics for black Americans this report recognizes that many of the differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social and economic differences and unequal access to medical care The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check ups 体格检查 earlier when cancer is more treatable and it said more research is needed to see if biological differences play a role The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfair social differences through public policy and education efforts the organization said in a statement But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates Cancer death rates in both sexes for all sites combined have dropped greatly among black Americans since 1992 as have incidence rates 发生率 said the report 1 Black Americans are more likely to die of cancer than A people in other countries B white Americans C all other Americans D their ancestors 2 Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks A Unequal access to medical care B Greater probability of having other diseases C Differences in the biology of the cancer D Early diagnosis 3 Cancer is more treatable if it is detected A in an early stage B in a late stage 大家论坛 C all ofasudden D together with other diseases 4 Public policy and education efforts may help to do away with A death rates B various cancers C unfair social differences D biological differences 5 Since 1992 cancer death rates among black Americans A have been going up and down B have remained stable C have increased D have fallen 第二篇第二篇 CrystalCrystal EarEar One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid He certainly does replied Jill After hearing about a remarkable new product Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if I d ever thought about getting a hearing aid No way I said It would make me look 20 years older No no she replied This is entirely different It s Crystal Ear Jill was right Crystal Ear is different not the old styled body worn or over the ear aid but an advanced personal sound system so small that it s like contacts 隐形 眼镜 for your ears And Crystal Ear is super sensitive and powerful too You will hear sounds your ears have been missing for years Crystal Ear will make speech louder and the sound is pure and natural I couldn t believe how tiny it is It is smaller than the tip of my little finger and it s almost invisible when worn There are no wires no behind the ear device Put it in your ear and its ready to wear mold 形状 fits comfortably Since it s not too loud or too tight you may even forget that you re wearing it Use it at work or at play And if your hearing problem is worse in certain situations use Crystal Ear only when you need it Hearing loss which occurs typically prior to teenage years progresses throughout one s lifetime Although hearing loss is now the world s number one health problem nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated For many millions treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear Thanks to Crystal Ear the sound solution is now convenient Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss and millions more with just a little hearing drop off 下降 can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear Moreover its superior design is energy efficient so batteries can last months Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier 放大器 6 Initially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because 大家论坛 A it would make him look old B it would make him nervous C it was too expensive D it was old styled 7 Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear A It is highly sensitive B Itis powerful C It is invisible D It is wireless 8 One special feature of Crystal Ear is that A you can control its volume B you needn t take it off every day C it is solar powered D it saves power 9 According to the passage hearing loss is A only a minor health problem B theworld s most common health problem C merelya teenage disease D an incurable disease 10 Many people leave their hearing problem untreated because A it is not serious B Crystal Ear is not yet available C it is not easy to have it treated D they don t want to look old 第三篇第三篇 TechnologyTechnology TransferTransfer inin GermanyGermany When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success few nations can match Germany Since the 1940s the nation s vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science And though German prosperity 繁荣 has faltered 衰退 over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline it still has an enviable 令人羡慕的 record for turning ideas into profit Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought after technologies But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer and technology parks are springing up all over These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start up companies Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success but it is not without its critics These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science eventually starving industry of fresh ideas If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur 企业家 the argument goes then the traditional 大家论坛 principles of university research being curiosity driven free and widely available will suffer Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years While this debate continues new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany s research networks which bear famous names such as Helmholtz Max Planck and Leibniz Yet it is the fourth network the Fraunhofer Society that plays the greatest role in technology transfer Founded in 1949 the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe s largest organisation for applied technology and has 59 institutes employing 12 000 people It continues to grow Last year it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin Today there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia 11 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity A Technology transfer B Good management C Hard work D Fierce competition 12 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research A It is free B It is profit driven C It is widely available D It is curiosity driven 13 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in A Asia B USA C Europe D Africa 14 When was the Fraunhofer Society founded A In 1940 B Last year C After the unification D In 1949 15 The word expertise in line 3 could be best replaced by A experts B scientists C scholars D special knowledge 答案 答案 1 1 B B 2 2 D D 3 3 A A 4 4 C C 5 5 D D 6 6 A A 7 7 C C 8 8 D D 9 9 B B 10 10 C C 11 11 A A 12 12 B B 13 13 C C 14 14 D D 15 15 D D 大家论坛 解析 在阅读过程中不需要彻底理解全文 而是理解文章大意 文章标题 每段的首句 尾句和最后一段 都是阅读的重点 考题中大约有 60 左右的题是直接根据这些位置出题 所以这是我们首要注意的 地方 其次 文章中有关数字的句子也是考试的重点 我们将在接下来的点评中详细介绍如何阅读 文章 阅读理解的主要考试方向是细节题为主 其次是主旨大义题 然后是推断题和文章标题 细节题的 主要应是方法是利用题干关键词定位 根据掌握的同义词对比题干得出答案 主旨大意主要是需要 理解文章某个段落或全文的意思 相对难度大一点 占到考试中约 20 的比例 推断题相对较少 但难度比较大 需要根据已知信息进行推断 大约有 2 3 题 文章标题大约有 1 题 需要在理解全 文大意情况下做出选择 总体难度比较小 所以考试中我们需要注意细节题和主旨大义题 这两个 题型得答题技巧我们会逐步解析 特别说明的是 如果在阅读中遇到了生词 在不影响理解大义的情况下 无须查字典 直接跳过 另外 肯定会出现难题 要懂得放弃 不要干扰后面比较简单的题的回答 11 A 主旨题 prosperity 是繁荣的意思 这类主旨大意题的解答方法在上文中已经提到 文章 标题 每段的首句 尾句和最后一段都是阅读的重点 题目是 Technology Transfer in Germany 第一段话中出现了 the nation s vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science 这里提到的是新思想和科学技术 题目中是 Technol ogy Transfer 和这两个词意思相近 所以正确答案是 A 12 B 细节题 关键词组 traditional university research 这类选出错误选项的问题 我们需 要找出关键词所在的段落 然后主句对照 排除正确答案 剩下的就是错误描述了 因此倒数第二 段 If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur 企业家 the argument goe s then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity driven free and widely available will suffer 所以 B 项为本题正确答案 13 C 细节题 关键词 Fraunhofer Society 和 applied technology 在原文最后一段 Founded in 1949 the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe s largest organisation for applied technolog y 所以选 C 14 D 细节题 参照第三题答案所在句子可以得出是 1949 年 15 D 词义题 expertise 是技能的意思 选 D YouYou NeedNeed CourageCourage Shortly after I began a career in business I learned that Carl Weatherup presiden t of PepsiCo 百事可乐公司 was speaking at the University of Colorado I tracked do wn the person handling his schedule and managed to get myself an appointment 1 So there I was sitting outside the university s auditorium waiting for the preside nt of PepsiCo I could hear him talking to the students and talking and talking 2 He was now five minutes over which dropped my time with him down to 10 minutes Decision time I wrote a note on the back of my business card reminding him that he had a meeting You have a meeting with Jeff Hoye at 2 30 p m I took a deep breath pushed open the 大家论坛 doors of the auditorium and walked straight up the middle aisle 过道 toward him as he talked Mr Weatherup stopped 3 Just before I reached the door I heard him tel l the group that he was running late He thanked them for their attention wished them luck and walked out to where I was now sitting holdi