新标准大学英语4翻译答案之要你命3000.doc

Unit One7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all its cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find? Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. Its just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all thats before Ive had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if Im interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I wont even last till the end of the year, let alone till Im 60.（ 翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含的、但没有直接表达出来的意思，如最后一句译文加了“领养老金”，点出了与上一句的关联。）依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好。我们上了12年的中、小学，又上了3年的大学，这期间老师们一直在没完没了地谈论在备受呵护的学生生活之外的那个广阔天地里的各种机会，可我遇到的又是什么呢？无论我怎么想保持心情愉快，可麻烦事总是接踵而来：有时是和人发生矛盾（尤其是跟男孩子，天哪！他们什么时候才能长大？），但通常是为钱发愁。这个地方什么东西都很贵！人人都想从我身上赚点钱：税务局要收个人所得税，银行经理要我偿清学生贷款，房东催我交房租、燃气费、水费、电费，手机账单也不断地寄来。所有这些还没算上吃饭的钱。更可气的是，不知从哪里冒出一个自作聪明的家伙给我打电话，问我要不要买养老金。照这样下去，我甚至都支撑不到年底，更别提活到60岁领养老金了。8 Translate the paragraphs into English.我认为，选修第二专业并不适合每一位本科生。我大学本科主修英语专业，大一时就开始辅修经济学了。无疑，我是班里最用功的学生。我竭尽全力想同时达到两个不同专业的要求，但还是有不及格的时候。因为经济学需要良好的数学基础，我不得不花大量时间钻研数学，因而忽略了英语学习。第二学期,英国文学及宏观经济学两门课不及格给我敲响了警钟，这可是我一生中第一次考试不及格，这大大打击了我的自信心。虽然我不是一个容易向命运低头的人，在暑假结束的时候，我还是决定放弃经济学，以免两个专业都难以完成。当我只需修一个专业的时候，一切似乎又回到了正轨。(if you ask me; by all odds; try as might; given that; sap ones confidence; bow tofate; come to a close; for fear that; now that)If you ask me, taking a second major isnt good for every undergraduate. In my freshman year as an English major, I took economics as my minor. By all odds, I was the most hard-working student in my class. But try as I might to meet the requirements of the two different subjects, I still couldnt do well enough to pass all the exams. Given that the study of economics required a good command of mathematics, I had to spend so much time on math that I neglected my English. Failing English Literature and Macroeconomics in the second term sounded the alarm for me. This was the first time I did not pass a course in my life, which had greatly sapped my confidence. Although I was not a man who would easily bow to fate, as the summer break came to a close, I decided to give up economics for fear that I would fail both subjects. Now that I had only one subject to attend to, everything seemed to be on the right track again.Unit 26 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.Indubitably the vast majority of books overlap one another. Few indeed are those which give the impression of originality, either in style or in content. Rare are the unique books less than 50, perhaps, out of the whole storehouse of literature. In one of his recent autobiographical novels, Blaise Cendrars points out that Rmy de Gourmont, because of his knowledge and awareness of this repetitive quality in books, was able to select and read all that is worthwhile in the entire realm of literature. Cendrars himself who would suspect it? is a prodigious reader. He reads most authors in their original tongue. Not only that, but when he likes an author he reads every last book the man has written, as well as his letters and all the books that have been written about him. In our day his case is almost unparalleled, I imagine. For, not only has he read widely and deeply, but he has himself written a great many books. All on the side, as it were. For, if he is anything, Cendrars, he is a man of action, an adventurer and explorer, a man who has known how to “waste” his time royally. He is, in a sense, the Julius Caesar of literature.（ 几处倒装句应灵活处理，以体现原文语气。every last book the man has written 意思为 all the books he has written，要注意这段话的逻辑关系。If he is anything, he is a man of 一句中的 if 从句起强调作用，说明他不是一个书生或思想家，而是一个行动家，此处需灵活翻译。）不容置疑的是，大多数书都互相重复，在文体或内容上让人感到具有独创性的书实在是少之又少。在整个文学库藏中，只有极少数作品或许不到50本是独具一格的。在最近出版的一部自传体小说中，布莱斯桑德拉尔指出，古尔蒙之所以能够选择并通读文学领域中一切值得读的书籍，就是因为他知识渊博，并且了解书的这种重复性。桑德拉尔本人就是一个博览群书的人，没有人会怀疑这一点。他阅读了大部分作家的原作。不仅如此，一旦他喜欢上一个作家，他就会阅读这个作家写的每一本书，包括他的书信以及所有有关他的书籍。我猜想，在当今世界上，几乎没有人能像他一样，不仅读得广、读得精，而且还著述颇丰。可以说这一切都是在业余时间完成的。因为桑德拉尔是一个十足的行动家，一个四处跋涉的冒险家和探险家，一个懂得如何“肆意浪费”时间的人。从某种意义上说，他是文学界的凯撒大帝。7 Translate the paragraphs into English.张磊是在毕业工作后才开始意识到读书的乐趣的。反思自己的大学教育时，他感慨不已：他的一些同学都沉浸于从图书馆或书店找到的各种有趣的书籍，而他却只读了一些教科书，其中连一本真正值得一读、让他爱不释手的书都没有。他可以说是被剥夺了通过书了解作家奇妙世界的特权。如今，他嗜书如命，废寝忘食，好像要把大学期间没机会读的好书全都读一遍。到目前为止他已经利用业余时间读了几百本小说、传记和游记。他意识到书不仅能向他展示一个充满希望的前景，帮他消除现实生活中的压力和疲劳，而且能够帮他澄清一些误解，找到生活的真谛。(reflect on; immerse in; lay hands on; worthwhile; in one sitting; so to speak; vista; withstand)It was not until after he had graduated from university and started to work that Zhang Lei became aware of the pleasure of reading. Reflecting on his undergraduate studies, he lamented that he, unlike some of his classmates who had immersed themselves in various interesting books they were able to lay hands on from the library or bookshops, had only read textbooks, none of which was really worthwhile, or could be read in one sitting. He was deprived of the privilege of gaining access to the writers fantastic worlds through the windows their books have opened, so to speak. Now he has become an avid and omnivorous reader. It is as if he wants to read all those marvelous books he hadnt had a chance to read in his university days. By now, in his spare time, he has read several hundreds of books, including novels, biographies and travel notes. He realizes that books can not only reveal to him the vista of a hopeful future and help him withstand stresses and strains, they can also help him clear up some misconceptions and discover the true meaning of life. UNIT 36 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.Sometimes the hemline indicator, as its called, can even precede and predict a change in the mood of the stock market long before it actually happens. In September 2007, at the New York fashion shows, which were displaying their styles for spring 2008, the trend was for much longer dresses and skirts, many to mid-calf or even down to the ankles. Some people felt this showed that the hemline mid-calf or even down to the ankles. Some people felt this showed that the hemline indicator was no longer reliable, and that designers no longer dictated what people would wear. During the London and New York fashion shows in September 2008, hemlines continued to drop. But sure enough, in the fall of 2008, the stock market indexes fell dramatically when the banking crisis hit the US, Europe and then the rest of the world. Hemlines were no longer following the stock market they were showing the way and indicating future economic trends.（ 最后一句译文需要用加词译法，加上“被动地”一词可起强调作用，让本句的意思更明确。）有时候，所谓的裙摆标志甚至能够预示股市的行情。2007年9月的纽约时装展展示了2008年春季流行式样，潮流转向了长衣、长裙，裙摆长及小腿中部，甚至到了脚踝。有人觉得这表明裙摆标志靠不住了，服装设计师已经丧失了对时装的主宰权。2008年9月，在伦敦和纽约时装展中，裙摆的高度继续降低。果然，2008年秋天金融危机袭击欧美，并波及全球，股指急剧下跌。这时，裙摆不再被动地追随股市的变化，而是预示股市行情及未来的经济趋势。7 Translate the paragraphs into English.一个人的穿着似乎能影响他的行为方式。譬如，在校内要穿校服是中小学生所必须严格遵守的规矩之一。倘若在学生着装整齐划一和行为的统一规范之间不存在一种象征性关联的话，校服便不可能如此盛行。然而，多年的学校生活让学生在内心里对随处可见的校服产生了抵触情绪，校服毕竟压制了个性的表达。为了弥补这种损失，学生常常会在周末穿流行的休闲装。直到上了大学，他们才会享受真正的着装自由，而服装上的无序与大学培养创造力、鼓励自由表达思想及展露才华密切相关。可惜这样的好景不会太长，经过一段相对短暂的自由之后，他们在毕业工作之后将再次经历着装规范的压力。(hard and fast; there is no doubt that; currency; correlation; backlash; ubiquitous; compensate for; anarchy; obtain; revive) What you wear seems to dictate your behaviour. Take primary school and high school students for example. One of the hard and fast rules they have to observe is that they must wear uniforms at school. There is no doubt that school uniforms would not have achieved their currency without a symbolic correlation between the uniformity of clothes and the students conformity to some common code of conduct.However, after years of school life, there is always a backlash secretly nursed in the students mind against the ubiquitous uniform which suppresses the expression of individuality. To compensate for this loss, students usually wear more casual and popular clothes on weekends. It is not until they start university, however, that they can really enjoy the freedom of dress, an anarchy associated with the cultivation of creativity and the encouragement of free expression of ideas and talents. But this situation wont obtain for long. After a relatively short time of liberty, they may experience again the revived pressure of dress code.Composition: write a passage about fashion trends in China.Example:Over the past 60 years, garments in China have become brighter, with a more complex range of colours and styles, and fashions have become more personalized choices as the economy develops and people seek to express their individualism through the clothes they wear.In the 1950s and 1960s, traditional garments and Western styles were often set aside, and Soviet styles were influential for a time. The fashions during this period were to wear Sun Yatsen-style suits in plain blue, black or grey for men and womens clothes had simple modest styles. Most clothes were hand-made by tailors or made at home. During the period of the Cultural Revolution military uniforms were popular. Few people wore jewellery, but wearing badges of Chairman Mao were normal.As Chinas economy improved in the 1980s red and yellow became popular colours for women, and men wore Western suits or jackets and trousers. Ready-made clothes became common, often altered by local tailors. The 1990s saw dramatic changes as people felt that they could dress distinctively: Wider ranges of ready-made clothes were available and people began to follow the fashions of international brands. Some Chinese designers remained anonymous because many garments were produced by large state-run enterprises or joint-venture companies.Today in China, there is a great diversity of fashion trends, and Chinese fashion designers meet consumer demands which are raised through the influence of fashion, through celebrities and the media. There are now many young entrepreneurial designers in China who sell direct to customers or you can find their garments, with their own labels, in department stores and boutiques. Their designs combine the use of traditional themes and styles with modern materials and innovations. In this period, China is the worlds largest manufacturer of clothing and also the largest consumer. In large urban department stores and small boutiques and shops there is a huge range of high-end fashion garments and also of inexpensive clothes.As China exports many garments, we might speculate that Chinese fashion designers and Chinese fashion themes both traditional and modern will be a significant influence on what the world wears in the coming period.Unit 46 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.Today, while most of us marry for romantic reasons, marriage at its core is still a financial union. So much of what we want or dont want out of life boils down to dollars and cents, whether its how hard we choose to work, how much we consume or how much we save. For some people, its working 80-hour weeks to finance a third home and country club membership; for others, it means cutting back on office hours to spend more time with the family.“A lot of the debates people have about money are code for how we want to live our lives,” said Betsey Stevenson, assistant professor of business and public policy at the University of Pennsylvanias Wharton School, who researches the economics of marriage and divorce. “A lot of the choices we make in how we want to live our lives involve how we spend our money.”Making those choices as a team is one of the most important ways to preserve your marital assets, and your union, experts say. But its that much easier when you already share similar outlooks on money matters or when you can, at the very least, find some middle ground.（ 注意灵活翻译某些名词，如romantic reasons, dollars and cents, code, team, union等。适当调整原文某些句子的语序以使译文更通顺。）如今，尽管我们大多数人是因相爱而结婚，婚姻从根本上讲仍然是金钱上的结合。不管是工作的努力程度，还是决定消费多少或储蓄多少，我们生活中想要得到的或不想得到的许多东西归根结底都跟钱有关。对一些人来说，他们想要的就是一周工作80小时来支付第三套房的房款和乡村俱乐部的会员费；而对另一些人来说，他们想缩短上班时间，花更多的时间陪伴家人。“有关钱的许多争论是提示我们想如何生活的密码，而生活方式的许多选择则与如何花钱密切相关。”宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院的商业及公共政策助理教授贝齐史蒂文森如是说，他研究婚姻和离婚经济学。专家们说，夫妻共同做出这些选择是维护婚姻资产及婚姻关系的最重要的方法之一。当然，如果夫妻双方一开始就在钱的问题上看法相似，或者至少能够在钱的问题上相互妥协，那么事情就好办多了。7 Translate the paragraphs into English.谈及目前经济萧条所带来的影响，学生活动的减少就是一个很好的例证。为了活跃校园生活，大学愿意划拨一部分资金来资助学生社团活动，但由于今年学校的预算大幅减少，对社团的资助也相应缩减了不少。显然，学生社团要恢复以前的活力就必须想办法克服自身的经济困难。有人主张招募更多会员，因为会员费的增加可以帮助他们度过难关。当然，如果有更多的会员交年费，而且缩减一些日常开支，我们还是能省下一些钱来组织活动的。但是，问题的关键在于社团活动的费用与参加活动的人数是成正比的，因此这种方法恐怕不太可行。要推进社团活动，同时又不使经费超支，我们必须群策群力，拿出别的筹钱方法，而不是仅仅依赖学校拨款和会员费。(when it comes to; carve out; pare down; cut back on; bottom line; go into the red; pool; in lieu of)When it comes to the effects of the current economic downturn, the decrease of student activities is a good case in point. To enliven campus life, the university is always willing to carve out some money for activities organized by student clubs and societies, but such sponsorships have been pared down this year because of huge budget cut. Apparently, student organizations need to weather their own financial crisis if they want to recover from their current state of inactiveness. Some suggest enrolling more club members, on the ground that the consequent increase of membership fees may help them get out of the difficulty.No doubt, if we have more members paying the annual fee, and if we cut back on our daily expenses, we can spare some money to organize activities. But the bottom line is that the expenses of these activities are in proportion to the number of participants. Im afraid this wont be of much help. To boost student activities and to avoid going into the red, we still need to pool our ideas and come up with some other ways of raising money, in lieu of just relying on university grants and membership fees.Guided writingWrite a passage based on the advice you planned in Activity 4. Make sure you use a range of structures.Example:Im sorry to hear about your problems with your credit card. From what you were telling me, you think its a real mess and you are worried sick. I can understand what you are probably feeling, but look, its no use worrying about it its an unpleasant but common experience but the point is to take some action to solve the problem. I suppose youve thought of contacting your parents to get help? Oh, I see you cant tell them because it happened once before, and yes, I see. Well, lets not go down that road. You could take out a loan to cover the debt, but in view of the previous problem I dont think you should do that. Why not? Well, because if you get into further trouble, youll need another loan to pay the first loan which was supposed to pay the debt, and all the loans will involve paying interest, so it will accumulate. Youd better get a job and use the money to pay the debt. In the future, dont use the card without writing down the amount and keep looking at your record to see if you are approaching the credit limit. Whatever happens, dont exceed this limit because the bank will charge you interest. Try to use the card as little as possible.Unit 57 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.Women cant even fill out a form without telling stories about themselves. Most application forms now give four choices for titles. Men have one to choose “Mr.” so their choice carries no meaning other than to say they are male. But women must choose among three, each of them marked. A woman who checks the box for “Mrs.” or “Miss” communicates not only whether she has been married but also that she has conservative tastes in forms of address, and probably other conservative values as well. Checking “Ms.” declines to let on about marriage (whereas “Mr.” declines nothing since nothing was asked), but it also marks the woman who checks it on her form as either liberated or rebellious, depending on theattitudes and assumptions of the one making the judgment.I sometimes try to duck these variously marked choices by giving my title as “Dr.” and thereby risk marking myself as either uppity (hence sarcastic responses like “Excuse me!”) or an over-achiever (hence reactions of congratulatory surprise, like “Good for you!”). （ 翻译时注意原文的语气，否则就可能不准确。第二段是一个长句，翻译时应注意按照中文的习惯断句。）女人一填表就会暴露自己的个人经历。现在大多数的申请表会给出四种称谓选择。男人只有一种选择，即“先生”（Mr.），这除了表明他们是男性之外没有其他任何含义。女人则必须从三种称谓中选一个，而任何一种都是标记性的。如果一位女士勾选了“太太”（Mrs.）或者“小姐”（Miss）的称谓，那么她不仅暴露了自己的婚姻状况，而且还表明她在称谓方面很保守，或许在其他价值观念方面也很保守。如果她选择“女士”（Ms.）这一称谓，那么说明她拒绝透露自己的婚姻状况（而男士选“先生”这个称谓时则没有故意隐瞒任何事情，因为本来就没有要求他透露婚姻信息）。另外，在表格中勾选“女士”这一称谓的人会被标记为思想解放的人或叛逆者，这就要看评判她的人持什么样的态度和看法了。我有时会选择“博士”头衔，以避开这几种带标记的称谓选项。但这么做又会给自己带来风险，标明自己要么骄傲自大（于是乎招来讥讽的反应，比如“对不起，我不知道你是博士！”），要么是一个成功欲过强的人（那么对方的反应就是祝贺式的惊奇，比如“你真行！”）。8 Translate the paragraphs into English.我们对理想丈夫或理想妻子的假设显示出我们的性别期待以及我们对性别期待的反应。如果大多数年轻姑娘希望她们的未婚夫强悍、能干、可靠，那么小伙子们也就别无选择，只能把自己训练得强悍、能干、可靠，这样才能赢得女孩子的芳心。如果他们的做法与性别期待背道而驰，那么他们很可能会在悲叹自己的光棍生涯中度过下半辈子。根据同样的不成文法则，如果多数年轻男子希望他们的未婚妻温柔体贴、耐心、忠贞，认为这些比什么都重要，那么姑娘即便不是这种人，也会假装自己将来会成为贤妻良母。深入研究一下这种性别期待，我们就会发现这是受生理和社会因素制约的。无疑，女性为孕育婴儿做好了生理准备，而男人则完全不适合这项工作。男人只有努力挣钱养家，才能让一家人过上好日子。(presumption; option; other than; bemoan; unwritten rule; to be prone to; let on; goes without saying)Our presumptions about what ideal husbands or wives are like reveal a lot about our gender expectations as well as our responses to them. If most girls want their fiancs to be tough, capable and reliable, there is no option left for young men other than to be trained as tough, capable and reliable if they want to win girls heart. If they act to the contrary, they will most probably bemoan their bachelors status for the rest of their lives. Following the sa