中职英语基础模块Unit-1.doc

Unit One GreetingObjectives: By the end of this unit, the students should be able to:1) read, discuss and translate business cards in English,2) learn some expressions used in greeting and introducing people,3) comprehend the two passages and master the useful expressions in them,4) finish the exercises by themselves or with some help. Introduction Lead-in（导入）:First, the students are asked to talk about how to greet and introduce people. Then their opinions are written down on the blackboard. Finally, the introductory remarks will be made by the teacher as follows: In social interactions, greeting and introducing people are very important. An appropriate introduction will help you leave a good first impression upon others, which means you may be likely to establish a close relationship with others, and vice versa. When you are introduced to foreign friends, you should greet them with “How do you do? while shaking hands with them for a few seconds. The next thing is, perhaps, the presenting of a business card, which is also called a name card. You should accept the card with a smile and a quick browse, and at the same time, offer yours.Unit One Part I Section I. Warming up & ReadingIPresentation: Make a brief self-introduction, introduce how to study English in collegeIIWarm-up Business cards are very useful for introducing people. Now lets read the following business cards.Sample 1 Sample 2 on bookSome useful expressions (refer to the Data Bank in the Work Book)A. Greetings B. Responses to greetings Hi! How do you do?Hello, you must be Jack from America.How are you? Hello.How are things with you?How are you doing?How is everything?You are doing all right?How it goes?How is life, John?Excuse me. Are you Kitty? How do you do?Fine, just fine.Fine, thank you.Quite well. And you?The usual. How about you?So-so. And what about you?Nothing particular.Not too bad.Nice to meet you.Very happy to see you. C. Self-Introduction D. Taking leave Im Helen Waters. Please call me Helen.Please allow me to introduce myself.Let me introduce myself.Hello, may I introduce myself?Id like to introduce myself first. Im Douglas, but everyone calls me Doug.Im glad to know you, Mr. Smith.Pleased to meet you here. Nice to meet you. Ive heard quite a lot about you. Nice meeting you, too.The pleasure is mine.Here is my card. Here is my e-mail address. Please keep in touch. Bye. /Bye-bye. Im leaving, Mr. Smith.Please do take care. Id better go now.Lets stay in touch.Ive got to run. I must be off now.So long. Lets call it a day now.Good-bye. Thank you very much for the nice dinner.Bye. See you.Ill call you now.Ive really got to go now.Good night. Have a nice day/ trip. See you later! Dont forget to give me a call.Enjoy yourself. IIIRead the passageAsk the students to skim the passage.IVAnalyze the passage, and explain the language points and difficult sentences.(In this step, some related information will be provided for the students.) Formation of Common English Names A common English name is usually composed of two or three parts: the first name is also called forename. If the person is a Christian, his first name will be given at his baptism, so it is also called the given name or the Christian name. Middle name is the second given name. When written, middle name is often shortened to the initial letter. Surname is often the fathers family name, so it is also called family name or last name. For example: Anne Louise Strong, George W. Bush.Ask the students to skim the passage and answer the questions. . What does an informal greeting really mean to Americans?. Why dont most Americans like using titles in introductions?. What do your American friends want to show when they address you with your first name?. Why do Americans ask you some personal questions?Analyze the passage, and explain the language points and difficult sentences(1) Explanation of Difficult Sentences (Title) The Way American GreetAnalysis: In this title, in which is omitted after The Way. “in way” means (to do something) by means of a certain method.Translation: 美国人的致意方式Example: I think the way she studies is worth studying.(Para. 1) Speaking of time, Ive got to run.Analysis: Speaking of is a present participle clause used as an adverbial of cause/time. It means “when it comes to time, Im reminded of ”Translation: 说到时间，我得赶紧跑了。Example: a. Speaking of English, Ive go to a class. 谈到英语，我得上课去了。 b. Speaking of business cards, Ive got to print some more now. 谈到名片，我现在得再印一些。 (Para 2) However, American introductions are usually rather simple. Analysis: However is a conjunct to denote a contrast of this sentence to the previous one. It means “然而，可是” in Chinese. Translation: 然而美国式的介绍通常相当简单。 Example: a. In China, family relationships are usually rather close. 在中国，家庭关系通常都很紧密。b. In my hometown, companies are usually rather small. 在我家乡，公司通常都很小。 (Para 2) “ Glad to meet you. Im Miller. But call me Paul.”Analysis: Miller is the family name and Paul is the given name. Addressing others by their given name usually implies a sort of informal and friendly relationship. Translation: 比起正式称呼，大部分情形下他们更喜欢直呼其名。 Example: a. These boys prefer football to basketball. 比起蓝球来，这些男孩子们更喜欢足球。b. I prefer Chinese food to Western food. 比起西餐来，我更喜欢中国食品。(Para 3) But Americans do sometimes ask such questions. Analysis: Do is used here to emphasize the following verb. It means “的的确确，真的” Translation: 但是美国人有时确实会问此类问题。 Example: I do appreciate your help. (Para 3) In this way they can get better acquainted with you and have a topic for beginning a friendly conversation with you.Analysis: And is used here to introduce a coordinate clause, which further develops the topic being discussed.Translation: 他们想要得到你对这些询问的回答，这样就能更多地了解你，并以此为开端与你友好地侃上一场。 Example: In this way you can improve your spoken English and do (2) Useful Words and Expressions. Greet: v. say words of welcome to, express ones feelings on receiving sb.Example: It is important for the students to learn how to greet people in English. Practice: a. 我们经常用微笑表达喜悦。We often express our happiness with a smile. b. 她说话经常带浓重的乡音。She often speaks with a strong local accent. Similarly: 同样 Example: Similarly, there are also many proverbs in Chinese.Practice: a. 同样，格林教授也无法忍耐惰性。Similarly, Professor Green couldnt bear laziness.b. 同样，他们也不愿意依赖他人。Similarly, they dont want to depend upon others. To sb.:对某人来说Example: To the parents, a healthy child is the most essential thing.Practice: a. 对一个商人来说，利润是最重要的事。To a businessman, profit is the most important thing.b. 对我来说，一个幸福的家庭是最有价值的东西。To me, a happy family is the most valuable thing. Leave an impression on/upon sb. 给某人留下印象Leave a deep/good/nice impression on/upon sb.Example: 一个友好的问候会使谈话有一个良好的开端。A friendly greeting will make a good beginning for a talk. Practice: 一个幽默的句子会给一堂课增添一股活力(lively touch)。A humorous sentence will give a lively touch to the lesson. such: 如此的,这样的Example: Such a life may be too hard to the little girl.Practice: a. 这样的结局对我来说是太匆忙了。Such an ending maybe too hasty to me.b. 这样一种天气对游客来说是太热了。Such weather maybe too hot to the tourists. Acquaint: v. make familiar with, get to know, reveal to sb. 结识，认识Example: You should try to acquaint him with the facts of the case. Practice: a. I have become acquainted with my new duties.b. The overseas students have make themselves acquainted with their Chinese peers. Prefer: v. like better, would rather do 更喜欢,宁愿Example: I prefer to have the meeting in the morning rather than in the afternoon. Practice: Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?V. Ask the students to read the passage again and be familiar with those new words and phrases.Ask the students to finish the Reading Comprehension part by themselves first, then give them the right answer and explain. VIAssignmentsGrasp the new words and phrases.Unit One Part IISection II : Language Study & ListeningIAsk the students to fill in the blanks in P3.IIcheck the answers and explain.IIIlisten to the dialogue in P4.Take Dialogue 1 for exampleTeaching Procedure (It aims to train the students with proper listening strategies.)Pre-listening: provide the students with the new words and expressions; While-listening: Ask the students to listen to the dialogue for the first time and ask them just to understand the main idea of the dialogue not to finish the exercises; listen to the dialogue again and ask them to finish exercise 1; ask the students to repeat the dialogue sentence by sentence after the tape while the teacher will press the button “pause” on the tape recorder; listen to the dialogue as a whole for the last time.Post-listening: Ask the students to finish exercise 2, i.e. answering questions. This step aims to change listening to speaking.listening text：Wang Lin: Good morning, Ms. Gao.Teacher: Morning, Wang Lin.Wang Lin: Hi, Fang Mei. This is our teacher, Ms. Gao.Fang Mei: Good morning, Ms. Gao.Teacher: Good morning, Fang Mei. Nice to meet you!Fang Mei: Nice to meet you, too!Wang Lin: Teacher, Fang Mei is a new student. She wants to study in our class.Teacher: Great! Welcome to our class!Fang Mei: Thank you, Ms. Gao.Teacher: You are welcome. Please go to the classroom with Wang Lin.Wang Lin: Ok. Lets go to our classroom. This way, please.Fang Mei: Good-bye, Ms. Gao.Teacher: Good-bye.IVHomework: Preview Section III the Speaking part on P53 VConclusion: Listening is very important in English learning. Because if you want to understand others, you have to listen clearly what do they their mean. Unit One Part III Section III: Grammar & WritingGrammar 英语的基本句型 英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一： （主谓）基本句型二： （主谓表）基本句型三： （主谓宾）基本句型四： （主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五： （主谓宾宾补） (一) 基本句型 一此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 （不及物动词）1. The sun was shining.2. The moon rose.3. The universe remains.4. We all breathe, eat, and drink.5. Who cares?6. What he said does not matter.7. They talked for half an hour.8. The pen writes smoothly1. 太阳在照耀着。 2. 月亮升起了。3. 宇宙长存。 4. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5. 管它呢？ 6. 他所讲的没有什么关系。7. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. 这支笔书写流利。 （二）基本句型 二此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。 （是系动词） 1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary.2. The dinner smells good.3. He fell in love.4. Everything looks different.5. He is growing tall and strong.6. The troubleis that they are short of money.7. Our well has gone dry.8. His face turned red.1. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. 午餐的气味很好。3. 他堕入了情网。 4. 一切看来都不同了。5. 他长得又高又壮。 6. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。7. 我们的井干枯了。 8. 他的脸红了。 （三）基本句型 三此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。 （及物动词） 1. Who knows the answer?2. She smiled her thanks.3. He has refused to help them.4. He enjoys reading.5. They ate what was left over.6. He said Good morning.7. I want to have a cup of tea.8. He admits that he was mistaken.1. 谁知道答案？ 2. 她微笑表示感谢。3. 他拒绝帮他们的忙。 4. 他喜欢看书。5. 他们吃了剩饭。 6. 他说：“早上好！”7. 我想喝杯茶。 8. 他承认犯了错误。 （四）基本句型 四此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。 （及物） （多指人） （多指物）1. She ordered herself a new dress.2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal.3. He brought you a dictionary.4. He denies her nothing.5. I showed him my pictures.6. I gave my car a wash.7. I told him that the bus was late.8. He showed me how to run the machine.1. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。 2. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。3.给你带来了一本字典。 4. 他对她什么都不拒绝。5. 我给他看我的照片。 6. 我洗了我的汽车。7. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。 8. 他教我开机器。 （五）基本句型 五此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。 （及物） （宾语） （宾补）1. They appointed him manager.2. They painted the door green.3. This set them thinking.4. They found the house deserted.5. What makes him think so?6. We saw him out.7. He asked me to come back soon.8. I saw them getting on the bus.1. 他们任命他当经理。 2. 他们把门漆成绿色。3. 这使得他们要细想一想。 4. 他们发现那房子无人居住。5. 他怎么会这样想？ 6. 我们送他出去。7. 他要我早点回来。 8. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。 但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句型五为例：We found the hall full.我们发现礼堂坐满了。We found the great hall full of students and teachers.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。 不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的类型。以 get 为例：Hes getting angry. (S V C)He got through the window. (S V M)Youll get a surprise. (S V O)He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O C)He got himself into trouble. (S V O M)He got her a splendid present. (S V 0 O) 在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:I found the book easily.我很容易地找到了这本书。（S V O M）I found the book easy. 我觉得这本书很容易。 （S V O C）I have to do something. 我得做点事。I have something to do. 我有点事做。 Exercises:1. Say which patterns the following sentences take.1) They will meet at the guesthouse an hour later.2) He just needs time.3) He becomes a different person at home.4) They may also give these foreign tourists some help.5) The guide has offered a timetable to every tourist.6) My work keeps me busy.7) There is not much hair left on the top of my head.2. Appl