新目标英语八年级下第7单元-知识点讲解以及练习.doc

Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?Teaching Aims:掌握本单元重点词汇及能用比较级和最高级谈论各之最。能听懂和谈论有关地理和自然的话题。Key points:Phrases: in size, in the world, 2 meters tall/long/wide, the biggest population, one of the biggest, the most popular question, talk about, the ancient emperors, the main reason, as far as I know, no man-made objects, mountain climbing, the southwestern part of China, thick clouds, cover the top, risk ones life, challenge oneself, achieve ones dream，the forest of nature, try to do sth., the spirit of the climbers, many times more than ,live up to, prepare for., be awake, be special to sb., spend some time doing sth., in the remaining forest, endangered animals, in the futureSentences: Whats the highest mountain in the world?Qomolangma.How long is Qomolangma?Its 8,844.43 meters high. Its higher than any other mountain.Which is the deepest salt lake in the world?The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lake.Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?Yes, I did. Its much older than the US.Difficult points:形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化规则和用法。物体之间的对比。Language points:1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化规则和用法。2. 物体之间的对比Grammar形容词副词比较级最高级变化规则一 构成 A.直接在词尾加-er -est few-fewer long-longer small-smaller light-lighter tall-taller B.以不发音的字母e结尾,直接加r -st Nice-nicer large-larger 意 C.以重读闭音节结尾并且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母加er est thin-thinner big-bigger hot-hotter wet-wetter red-redder D.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加er est heavy-heavier easy-easier 外 E.多音节和部分双音节词 more/most+该词特例friendly有两种形式 多判断重读闭音节：1. 看词尾是不是只有一个辅音字母（y,w,x 除外）2. 看这个辅音字母前是不是只有一个元音字母（a,e,i,o,u)3. 看这个元音字母在单词中是不是重读。(单音节词都是重读音节，双音节和多音节词中一般有一个重读音节，其他的是弱读音节我们在讲开、闭节时，辅音字母r是要除外的)中考链接Step 2 中考链接比较级考点 6 比较级修饰问题 a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim. This book is much more interesting than that one. 同级比较e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xian. Our school is bigger than yours. the + 比较级e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls. “a/an + 比较级”表示“又一，再一”e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wantsa bigger one. 隐性比较（没有than的情况）e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily? Youd better come earlier next time. He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term. 越来越. 比较级 + and + 比较级b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子e.g. Its getting colder and colder. The more you exercise, the better you are. 最高级考点 4说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the; 副词的最高级前省略the。 范围问题e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class. Spring is the best season of the year. “.之一”问题e.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. “the + 序数词 + 最高级”e.g. I think he is the second tallest boy in his class.比较级和最高级的转换 e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class. = Tom is taller than any other student in the class. any other+名单 other+名复(异范围) = Tom is taller than all the other students in the class. = No other students are taller than Tom.同级比较 1 as + adj./adv. + as e.g. She is as thin as Lily. He writes as carefully as Linda. not + as/so + adj./adv. + as e.g. Tony didnt run so fast as Carter 学以致用练习用括号内单词的适当形式填空。1. Jim is very _. Li Lei is _ than Jim. (hungry)2. Kates mooncakes are _ of all. (nice)3. Your box is _ than mine. But his is _ of the three. (heavy) 4. Unit 2 is quite _. Unit 3 is _ than Unit 2. Its _ in Module (hard)5. This TV play is _ than that one. (good)6. My mother is very _. She is _ in my family. (busy)7. Lingling gets to school _ than the others. (early)8. She speaks English _ in our class. (well)9. Lucy jumped quite _. (far)10. I think English is as _ as Chinese. (important)中考链接2010年 河南 23-Excuse me, sir. The shoes are a bit small for me.-Dont worry. Ill change them for a _size.A. smaller B. smallest C. larger D. largest2011年 河南 29-What do you think of the dress?-Wonderful. I dont think I can find a_one.A. good B. better C. bad D. worst2012年 河南 25Yao Ming is_Chinese basketball player that ever played in NBA.2013年 河南 25My grandpa told a good story, but I told a _one.A. good B. better C. best D. worse2014年天津 24Mo Yan is one of_writers in the world.A. famous B. more famous C. most famous D. the most famous2014年上海 33Air pollution has become_than ever before. We must do something to stop it.A. serious B. more serious C. most serious D. the most serious2014年 安徽 31It is _ for me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English.A. bad B. easy C. hard D. right2014年 江西 27You have to be_and wait until I finish my work. A. patient B. strict C. honest D. active2014年 山西 19-Have you watched A Bite of China recently?-Of course. I do believe Chinese food is_in the world.A. the most delicious B. more delicious C. delicious2014年 山西 25-Mum, I did best in our group discussion today.-Well done! I _you.A. am mad at B. am patient with C. am proud of2014年辽宁沈阳 2John is getting very thin. He doesnt eat _food.A. many B. enough C. few D. little2014年福建福州 34-The relation between the two countries gets_.A war seems to break out soon.-I hope they will make peace with each other.A. worse and worseB. better and better C. more and more peaceful2014年江苏南京 11-Do you enjoy Han Leis songs?-Yes. He is the winner of I AM a Singer II. I cant think of anyone with a_voice.A. better B. best C. more D. most2014年江苏苏州 12-The picture is, I have to say, not a bit beautiful.-Why? Its_than the pictures I have ever seen.A. far more beautiful B. much less beautifulC. no more beautiful D. any less beautiful2013年重庆You look tired these days. I think you need a _sleep.A. shorter B. shortest C. better D. best2013年江苏无锡 5I know this plan is far from perfect, but I cant think of_one.A. a better B. the better C. a best D. the best2013年 山东青岛 17-This is_fascinating town I have ever visited.-Yes. Ive never seen a _one.A. the worst, bigger B. the most, betterC. the better, best D. the worse, good2013年 贵州贵阳 41“The T-shirt is too big for me, would you mind giving me a _one?”A. larger B. smaller C. fatter2013年 北京25Debbie is growing fast. She is even _than her mother.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest2013年 重庆 29Please be_. Theres an important meeting in the next room.A. quickly B. quick C. quietly D. quiet2013年 安徽 41-What was Jim wearing at the party?-Nothing_. He was in his usual shirt and jeans.A. special B. simple C. important D. interesting2012年 天津 33All the students are talking and laughing in the classroom and its_.A. noisy B. lonely C. quiet D. strict2012年 重庆 28The flower smells_and I like it very much.A. well B. good C. bad D. badly2012年安徽 32We lost the match because they had_players. They had eleven and we had only nine!A. stronger B. younger C. fewer D. more2012年浙江 温州 3My sister is_. She likes making friends with others.A. shy B.quiet C. athletic D. outgoing2012年陕西 28This place is not big enough for Lucys birthday party. We should find a _one.A. big B. small C. bigger D. smaller2012年甘肃兰州 40-If there are_people driving, there will be_air pollution.-Yes, the air will be fresher and cleaner.A. less, less B. less, fewer C. fewer, fewer D. fewer, less2011重庆 31The more you smile, the_you will feel.A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happily2011安徽 32We felt_when Liu xiang won the first prize again in the race.A. brave B. proud C. successful D. worried2011江西 27I cant eat any more food. I am_.A. busy B. hungry C. full D. serious2011江西 35Harriet is lost and her parents are really _her.A. interested in B. afraid of C. busy with D. worried about2011年 江西 19Why are you staying up so late playing computer games again? Stop being so_!A. funny B. silly C. serious2010年 上海36Is this a photo of your daughter? She looks _in the pink dress!A. lovely B. quietly C. politely D. happily2010年 上海 49My dog is gentle and never bites, so you neednt be_.A. excited B. frightened C. satisfied D. interestedStep 4Practice Tests2014 河南鹤壁一模 29-How about the dishes?-Fantastic! Nothing tastes_.A. nice B. better C. terrible D. worse2014年河南郑州一模 31When you talk with a stranger, be_one thing: dont talk too much about yourself.A. interested in B. careful about C. frightened of D. pleased with2014年河南信阳一模 25The prices of the houses are falling in some big cities; maybe houses will be much_next year.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest2014 河南开封一模-Could you help me type it up, Nancy? You have the fastest hand.-Id like to, but you always write_reports.A. long B. longer C. the longer D. the longest2014年 开封一模 31-What kind of fruit is it? It smells_.-Its called “Liulian” which is popular in the south, but people in the north dont like it.A. good B. terrible C. well D.terribly2014 河南洛阳一模 27The air in the countryside is_, so many people from the city drive cars there on weekends.A. fresh B. pretty C. delicious D. beautiful2014河南安阳一模 25-Are you happy with this ending?-Of course. We cant have_.A. a worse one B. a nicer one C. a worst one D. a nicest one2014年河南许昌二模 27-What should I do when I am taken photos of, sir?-You should keep_to make your photos more beautiful.A. wonderful B. natural C. careful D. nervous2013年 河南安阳一模 24-She forgot to clean the classroom. So it is a little_. Lets clean it up.-OK.A. clean B. dirty C. noisy D. quiet2013河南开封一模 25Liu Yang from Henan is the first Chinese woman astronaut to travel into space. We are all_her.A. proud of B. strict with C. worried about D. surprised at2013河南郑州一模29-It seems that Ms. Green is full of energy all the time.-Right. She is always_.A. energetic B. confident C. lazy D. hard-working2013河南信阳一模 27It was such an_joke that everyone felt_.A. Embarrassed, embarrassing B. embarrassed, embarrassedC. embarrassing, embarrassing D. embarrassing, embarrassed2013河南三门峡一模 25Miss Bai is_with us. She always answers our questions carefully until we can understand them.A. pleased B. annoyed C. patient D. strict2013年 河南周口一模 23 My sister is the winner of the English competition, and I _her.A. am proud of B. am strict withC. am friendly to D. am angry with2013河南鹤壁二模 25-I think The Voice of China is better than any other show on TV.-Yes, it was_TV program last year.A. more popular B. the most popularC. most popular D. popular2013河南济源二模 25-Now the air in the city is even_than it was before.-Yes. We must do something to stop it.A. good B. better C. bad D. worse2013年河南平顶山一模 22The fog is so heavy that we can hardly see the road clearly. Everyone must be_on the road than usual.A. carefully B. careful C. more carefully D. more careful2012河南安阳一模 32-Do you remember “_you eat,_you are”?-Sorry, I wont eat too much. Im too fat now. A. the more, the fatter B. more, fatterC. the more, the more fatter D. more, more fatter2012河南襄城一模 37-Which is _, Tom, tea or coffee?-Coffee, I think. I think it every day.A. more delicious B. much deliciousC. less delicious D. most delicious2012年开封一模 33Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to be_for me.A. difficult B. too difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult2012年河南开封一模 24-How amazing the Great Wall is!-Yes, but it is very_to climb it.A. tired B. surprising C. tiring D. surprising2012 河南郑州二模 27-What do you think of the final match of Australian Open?-Ive never seen_one. It lasted for more than 5 hours.A. a long B. a longer C. the longer D. the longest1. 8,844 meters high. 8,844米高 meters high (long, wide)米高（长,宽)。英语表示“有多长（宽，高）”时，一般将数词和数量单位放在表示长宽高的形容词前作状语。e.g. The wall is 1.7 metres wide.2. Fell free to ask me anything on todays Great Wall tour. 在今天的长城游中，大家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。fell free是英语口语中一个常用表达。若有人让你feel free to do something, 就是让你无需拘束，只管按照自己的意愿去做某事。e.g. A: Can I use your bathroom? 我可以用一下你的卫生间吗？B: Yes, feel free. 可以，请随意。3. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知，再没有像它这样大的人造物体了。as far as I know是一个固定的表达方式，还可以说so far as I know, 意思是“据我所知”。e.g. As far as I know, Jacks got twin sisters. 就我所知，杰克有一对孪生姐妹。 Theyre not coming today, so far as I know.4. achievement n. 成就；成绩e.g. We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of themountain. 当我们到达山顶的时候，我们有一种巨大的成就感。 achieve v. 达到；完成；成功e.g. He will never achieve anything if he doesnt work harder.如果他不加紧努力工作，他会一事无成。5. southwestern adj. 西南的；西南方向的e.g. Is this Southwestern Airline? 这是西南航空公司吗？6. include v. 包含；包括e.g. Her hobbies include swimming and gardening. 她爱好游泳和园艺。7. condition n. 条件；状况e.g. The piano was in good condition. 这台钢琴状况良好。8. take in 吸入；容纳e.g. Fish take in oxygen through their gills. 鱼用鳃吸氧气。9. succeed v. 实现目标；成功e.g. If you try hard youll succeed. 你如果努力就会成功。常用短语：succeed in doing sth.e.g. Police have finally succeeded in solving the mystery. 警察最终成功破解了这个疑案。10. challenge v. & n. 挑战；考验e.g. The job doesnt really challenge him. 这项工作不能真正的考验他。The new governments first challenge is the economy. 新政府面临的第一个挑战是经济问题。11. in the face of 面对（困难、问题等）e.g. In the face of difficulties, hes completely unafraid. 他在困难面前毫不胆怯。 10. force n. 力；力量e.g. The thief took the money from the old man by force. 窃贼用暴力抢了老人的钱。11. One of the worlds most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, “one of + the + 形容词的最高级 + 复数名词”，意为“最之一”。如： Miss Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 王老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。12. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. It is + adj. + to do sth.， it作形式主语放在句首，而把真正的主语放在句尾。常用于此句型的形容词有important， difficult， dangerous， necessary， useful， possible等，用来对to do sth. 进行说明。此句型可以转换成To do sth. is + adj.。e.g. It is important to study English well. 学好英语很困难。 Its very difficult to climb Qomolangma. 攀登珠穆朗玛峰很难。13. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.difficulty 既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。作可数名词时通常用复数，表示具体概念，即：各式各样的 “困难，难题，难事”，如：Hes having financial difficulties. 他正手头拮据。作不可数名词时，译作“困难，艰难，幸苦”，如：She had great difficulty in understanding him. 她很难理解他说的话。14. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. give up 意为“放弃”，后面可以接名词、代词或v-ing形式作宾语。注意：如果其宾语是名词，那么名词可以放在 give 和 up 之间，也可以放在 up 之后；如果其宾语是代词，那么代词只能放在 give 和 up 之间。如：My uncle wants to give up drinking wine. 我叔叔想戒酒。Although English isnt easy to learn, I wont give it up. 虽然英语不易学，但我不会放弃。15. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous?even though 用作从属连词，意为“即使；尽管”，相当于even if，引导让步状语从句，一般不与并列连词but连用。如：Mr. Wang will come on time even though it rains.尽管下雨，但王老师会按时来。 比较级修饰问题a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim. This book is much more interesting than that one. 同级比较e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xian. Our school is bigger than yours. the + 比较级e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls. “a/an + 比较级”表示“又一，再一”e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wantsa bigger one. 隐性比较（没有than的情况）e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily? Youd better come earlier next time. He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term. 越来越.a. 比较级 + and + 比较级b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子a. e.g. Its getting colder and colder. The more you exercise, the better you are. 2. 最高级考点说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the; 副词的最高级前省略the。 范围问题e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class. Spring is the best season of the year. “.之一”问题e.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. “the + 序数词 + 最高级”e.g. I think he is the second tallest boy in his class.3. 比较级和最高级的转换e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class. = Tom is taller than any other student in the class. = T