考研-模拟试题-2006年考研英语预测试题及答案三(恩波)(3)

考研英语预测试题及答案三(恩波)(3)The End of Science provoked a wave of denunciation in the United States last year. “The reaction has been one of complete shock and disbelief,” Mr. Horgan says.The real question is whether any remaining unsolved problems, of which there are plenty, lend themselves to universal solutions. If they do not, then the focus of scientific discovery is already narrowing. Since the triumphs of the 60sthe genetic code, plate tectonics (板块构造说), and the microwave background radiation that went a long way towards proving the Big Banggenuine scientific revolutions have been scarce. More scientists are now alive, spending more money on research than ever. Yet most of the great discoveries of the th and 20th centuries were made before the appearance of state sponsorship, when the scientific enterprise was a fraction of its present size.Were the scientists who made these discoveries brighter than todays? That seems unlikely. A far more reasonable explanation is that fundamental science has already entered a period of diminished returns. “Look, dont get me wrong,” says Mr. Horgan. “There are lots of important things still to study, and applied science and engineering can go on for ever. I hope we get a cure for cancer, and for mental disease, though there are few real signs of progress. ”36. By saying that “most of the best things have already been located”, the author means .A man now enjoys most of the best things that life can offerB man has discovered most of the great treasures in the worldC so many discoveries are waiting to made by manD we should not expect to see many genuine scientific revolutions37. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A John Horgan is shocked by the reaction to The End of Science.B The End of Science becomes a target of criticisms in the United States.C There are many unresolved problems in the world.D The discovery of the genetic code is hailed as a revolutionary discovery.38. Genuine scientific revolutions in the past few decades are scare because .A there have been decreased returns in the research of fundamental scienceB there are too many important things for scientists to studyC applied science and engineering take up too much time and energyD scientists in our times are not as intelligent as those in the past39. The term “the scientific enterprise” (Line 8, Para. 4) probably refers to .A enterprises funded or supported by scientistsB any undertaking initiated by scientistsC the industriousness that scientists demonstrateD the number of scientists all over the world40. Which of the following statements may be TRUE of the passage?A Great scientific discoveries will never be possible.B Scientists have to be ready for the challenge in our timesC State sponsorship is not necessary to facilitate scientific discoveries.D Chances for great scientific discoveries have become scarce.Part BDirections:You are going to read a text about the tips on marketing success, followed by a list of examples. Choose the best example from the list A-F for each numbered subheading (41-45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet 1.Philip Kotler is the S. C. Johnson & Son Distinguished Professor of International Marketing at the Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois. Amongst his many books is Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning, Implementation and Control, the most widely used marketing book in graduate business schools worldwide.In his interview with CNN, Professor Kotler offers his top tips for marketing success.Look at what you are doing now“Start by looking at the marketing activities you use and the marketing skills you have. You are probably doing a lot of the right things already. However, you should: 1) research what your market wants; 2) decide on your objectives, identify and choose your target customer groups and position your business to serve your chosen market profitably; 3) put the plan to work through selling and promoting your products and services to customers, through pricing and using appropriate distributors and agents effectively; and, finally, 4) monitor the effectiveness of your marketing activities in terms of customer satisfaction and the impact on your bottom line.”(41) Come in under the radarBuilding a brand is a roll-out process, not a drop everywhere in the world at one time.(42) Know your customer“There are still too many CEOs who identify marketing with selling and advertising. But marketing has evolved to be not only product centered but customer centered. We are saying youve got to understand and choose the customers you want to serve. Dont just go after everyone. Define the target market carefully through segmentation and then really position yourself as different and as superior to that target market. Dont go into that target market if you-re not superior.(43) Own your branding“We are not in a state of competition anymore; we-re in a state of hyper-competition. So people are desperately looking for handlesfunctional features, emotional appealsthat will draw people to their product.(44) Stay ahead of the competition“The worst thing is that if something works, your competitors are going to clone it and before you know it anything that you had as a differentiator is imitated by the others. So youre in the business of constant innovation. Constantly asking yourself, three years from now, what will our differentiator be?(45) Make it an experience“Theres a big movement to say, were not just adding services to our business and our product, were actually trying to design an experience. Youll see that language being used. Were in the experience design business.”Mr Kotler concluded, “Every person, every organization, every place, every celebrity is going to be known in some fashion. Now you can manage that or you can leave it to chance. I dont know of any sector that is not involved in marketing whether they call it that or something else.A An increasing number of business schools are teaching marketing communications using an IMC-oriented textbook. First, this prepares the student to understand the role of different communication vehicles. Second, it makes the point that the companys brand and customer message must be communicated consistently through all media. Thus, if a company wants to be known for its high quality, it has to produce high quality and communicate high quality in all of its messages.”B We are trying to make the case that its much more important for a company to be customer-centric than product-centric. The same customer you have for product X may be available for product Y and Z and so on. And you wont know that if you have separate product managers, each only concerned with selling his or her product.”C We should think of owning a word or a phrase that helps to build customer retention and loyalty. Look at how we buy the Mercedes because its the best engineered car. We buy a BMW because its the best driving performance. We buy the Volvo because its the safest automobile. A lot of these companies lose that edge too, but they dont lose the impression.”D “I had the CEO of a large company approach me and ask me to sign a copy of my book, which I always do, but this was a first edition from 67. I looked at the book and I said I wont sign it. Why not? he asked. I said, that book is from