Unit-2-I-think-that-mooncakes…知识点归纳.doc

Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!语法宾语从句的用法：1.定义：动词后的句子叫宾语从句。I think我认为 I wonder我想知道 He said他说 或He said to me 他对我说He asked他问 或He asked me他问我 He told me他告诉我2.语序：宾语从句用陈述语序（陈述语序=引导词+肯定句的构成） 一般现在时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+ is/are/are +其他。或引导词+主语+ 动词原形/三单+其他 一般过去时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+was/were+其他。或引导词+主语+动词的过去式+其他。 现在进行时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+ is/am/are+ 动词-ing +其他。 过去进行时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+ was/were+ 动词-ing +其他。 一般将来时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+is/am/are going to+动词原形+其他。或引导词+主语+will+动词原形+其他。 过去将来时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+was/were going to+动词原形+其他。或引导词+主语+would+动词原形+其他。 现在完成时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他。 过去完成时的陈述语序是：引导词+主语+had+动词过去分词+其他。3.引导词：宾语从句的引导词有三类：that可省略，不翻译。He says (that) he will study hard next term.if/whether是否 I wondered if/whether he would come here.特殊疑问词：如what,where,how,when等。 My teacher asked me where I lived.4.时态：当主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句必须用过去的某种时态（如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时） He does his homework every day.His mother said that he did his homework every day. He is listening to tapes. His mother said that he was listening to tapes. He will return here next Friday. His mother said that he would return here the next Friday. He has already finished reading the book. His mother said that he had already finished reading the book.注意：当宾语从句是客观事实或普遍真理时，永远都用一般现在时。 The earth goes around the sun. The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.必背：I dont know what I can do.=I dont know what to do.我不知道我能做什么。I didnt know what I could do.=I didnt know what to do.我不知道我能做什么。I wonder if/whether he will come here.我想知道是否他将来这儿。I wondered if/whether he would come here.我想知道是否他将来这儿。练习题:1. Ive decided to go to London next weekend.I was wondering you could go with me.A.if B.when C.that D.where2. Our teacher told us that the earth around the sun.A.is going B.will go C.went D.goes3. My mother asked me if with her.A. will I go shopping B. I will go shopping C. would I go shopping D. I would go shopping4. These flowers are from Guangdong.He said.(合并成一句)He said these flowers from Guangdong.5. There will be a meeting in five days.Jack didnt know. (合并成一句)Jack didnt know there a meeting in five days.6. Have you finished your homework yet? Mr.Zhao asked Ma Gang. (合并成一句)Mr.Zhao asked Ma Gang his homework yet.7. Where did she park her car? Do you know? (合并成一句)Do you know her car?8. Can they speak French? I want to know. (合并成一句)I want to know French.感叹句的用法：1.感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情，句尾用感叹号“！”。2.感叹句分为两类：一类由what引导，另一类由how引导。what 和how翻译为“多么”What +a /an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+感叹号 如：What a tall boy he is ! What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+感叹号what nice classrooms they are !What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语+感叹号What bad weather it it!=How bad the weather is!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+感叹号 如：How tall the tree is ! How fast she runs !1.She is a nice girl.(改为感叹句)_ _ the girl is! _ _ _ _ she is! 2. great picture! Who painted it?A.How B.What C.How a D.What a3. clever the boy is!A.How B.What C.How a D.What a4. good advice the teacher gave me!A.How B.What C.What a D.How aSection A1.be crowded with意为“被挤满” The shop near my home is always crowded with people.2.put on意为“增加（体重）；发胖”；还可意为“穿上；戴上” She can eat what she wants but she never puts on weight. My mother put on her coat and went out.3. be fun to watch 看着很有意思4. How often“多久一次”，对频率副词（often,always,every day,twice a week）提问，常用于一般现在时。 How often do you exercise? Once a day.How long“多长时间”对for+时间段或since+时间点提问，用于现在完成时。 How long have you worked in Beijing? For five years.How soon“多久以后将”对in+时间段提问，用于一般将来时。How soon will Mr. Li come back? In a week. How often“多久一次”，对频率副词（often,always,every day,twice a week）提问，常用于一般现在时。 How often do you exercise? Once a day.How long“多长时间”对for+时间段或since+时间点提问，用于现在完成时。 How long have you worked in Beijing? For five years.How soon“多久以后将”对in+时间段提问，用于一般将来时。How soon will Mr. Li come back? In a week. does your cousin go to the gym? Twice a week.A.How long B.How soon C.How often5. (1)sound是系动词，后接形容词作表语。That sounds interesting.(2)sound like中的like是介词，后接名词作宾语。That sounds like a good idea6.形容词的最高级用于三者或者三者以上人或（事）物的比较。形容词最高级的前面必须加定冠词the，最高级的标志性短语是of短语或in短语等。 Bill is the tallest boy of us. Jane is the most hard-working in our class.1.The dictionary is pretty cheap.The price of it is of the three.A.very low B.quite low C.the lowest D.much lower2.The Changjiang River is the river in China.A.long B.longest C.short D.shortest7.表示“与相像”的短语有be similar to ,look like They all say I look like my father. =They all say I am similar to my father.Are you similar your mother? No,I look my father.A. after;after B. to;to C. to;like D.after;to8.throw at向扔 throw away扔掉He throw a stone at me.He has thrown away a good opportunity9. luck是名词“运气”， lucky是形容词“幸运的”， luckily是副词“幸运地” (1) Im going to take the English competition tomorrow. Good to you.A.Lucky B.Luck C. luckily D.Unlucky(2)My English teacher said I was hard working.Really. Youre _.A. luckB. lucky C. luckilyD. lucks10.luckily “幸运地”反义词是unluckily。在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，常放在句首。Unluckily,the little boy was hurt in the accident.I fell off the tree. _ , I _ hurt.A.Luckily; didnt B.Luckily ; dont C.Unluckily; didnt D.Unluckily; don t11.for five minutes=since five minutes ago看见since或for用现在完成时，且动词必须是延续性动词。对他们提问用How long. (1)Kates been at this factory since 1990.(对画线部分提问) Kate been at this factory?(2)The film has been on since 20 mimutes ago.(改为同义句)The film has been on .(3)I my hometown for a long time.I really miss it.A. left B.went away from C. have left D.have been away from12.family意为“家庭，家人”是集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数要视情况而定。强调整体时用单数，强调家庭成员时用复数。My family is a big one.我家是一个大家庭。His family are watching TV.他的家人正在看电视。Its Sunday today. Jacks are all at home. A. home B. family C. house D. room 13.miss意为“想念”和“错过” Ill miss you very much if you move. They missed a good chance.14. however意为“可是，然而”，位于句首时，其后用逗号隔开，位于句中时，前后都用逗号隔开，位于句末时，其前用逗号隔开。同义词是but. However,most people think that the story of Change is the most touching.His mind,however,did not change.15.shoot意为“射击，投篮”，其过去式和过去分词都是shot。shoot down意为“射下，击落” He shot two goals in the game. He shot a wild duck.16.give sb sth=give sth to sb意为“给某人某物”但当sth是代词时，则只用give sth to sb这一结构。例如：可以说Please give it to me 不可以说Please give me it.(1)Please give the two books_the little boy.A.for B.of C.at D.to (2)Please give me it.(改错) .17.medicine意为“药”，是不可数名词，take the medicine吃药 Take the medicine three times a day.18.whoever=no matter who.“无论谁”，引导让步状语从句。 You cant go,whoever you are.19.plan to do sth“计划做某事”。plan的过去式和过去分词都是planned，现在分词是planning。They planned to go to England for vacation.20.refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事” She refused to let me go.21.fly意为“飞，飞行”，过去式是flew，过去分词是flown，现在分词是flying，第三人称单数形式是flies。fly up意为“飞起来，向上飞”。fly to +某地 意为“乘飞机去某地”。My uncle flew from Hong Kong to New York yesterday.The bird flew up from the grass.22.call out ones name.“大声呼喊某人的名字” Hou Yi was so sad that he called out her name to the moon every night.23.lay out意为“摆开；布置”,lay的过去式和过去分词是laid，现在分词是laying。 Can you help me lay out the books on the shelf?24.wish做名词时，常用复数形式wishes表示“祝福，愿望” Please send my best wishes to your parents.25.wish to do sth “希望做某事”We wish to live in a big house with a big garden.wish sb to do sth “希望某人做某事”We wish our teacher to join us.26.hope to do 意为“希望做某事”不可用于hope sb to do sth.结构I hope to go to Beijing. 27.as a result意为“结果；因此” She worked hard.As a result,she passed the exam easily.28.动词不定式常作后置定语，意为“的”。a good place to eat吃饭的好地方。something to eat一些吃的东西 a room to live in一个居住的房间Why dont you go out to play,Rose? Im afraid I cant.I have much homework .A.do B.does C.doing D.to do29.there be句型的一个重要用法是“就近”原则，即be动词和最靠近它的名词在形式上保持一致。There is a book and two rulers on the desk.There are two rulers and a book on the desk.30.there be句型的一般将来时的构成There is going to be+单数名词There will be+单数名词There are going to be+复数名词There will be+复数名词 There an interesting cartoon on CCTV-6 at seven thirty this evening.A.is going to have B.is going to be C.will have D.will to be31.onethe other意为“一个，另一个”，指特定的两个人或物中的“一个，另一个”。 He has two daughters.One is a teacher,and the other is a nurse. Mr.Brown bought two bikes.One is for his wife,and the other was for his son.32.“比较级”+and+比较级”或“more and more+原级（多音节和部分双音节词）”意为“越来越”She is thinner and thinner. 越来越瘦Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.越来越漂亮33.情态动词have to和must的区别have to意为“必须，不得不”表示客观的需求，有人称、数和时态的变化。能用于过去时或将来时。dont have to意为“不必” must意为“必须”表示说话人主观上的看法，只有一种形式。不能用于过去时和将来时。mustnt表示禁止,意为“绝对不能”I must do my homework now. 我现在必须做作业了。（主动）I have to do my homework now. 我现在不得不做作业了。（被动）(1)You wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.A.cantB. shouldnt C. mustnt D.have to(2)Dad,must we wait until the light becomes green? Yes,Im afraid we .Thats the traffic rule.A.can B.may C.have to D.need34. It + is+形容词+（for/of sb） to do sth.意为“做某事对于某人来说是的”在此句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth。 当形容词是描述人的性格、品质的词如kind,nice,clever,foolish时用of sb，其他大多都用for sb.It was very difficult for me to finish the work on time. Its kind of you to tell me that.Its polite for students hello to teachers.A.to say B.saying C.says D.say35.区分instead of 和instead(1)instead of doing sth意为“代替做某事”(2)instead是副词，意为“代替，相反，而，却”位于句首或句末，后不接词。She didnt play basketball. She went swimming instead.You should go shopping instead of staying at home.Lets go hiking staying at home,shall we? A good idea.A. as well as B.in order to C. instead of D. in addition to36. one of+the +形容词最高级+名词复数意为“之一”China is one of the biggest countries in the world.Xian is one of capital in China.A.older;city B. the older;city C. oldest;cities D. the oldest;citiesSection B1.What do you think of ?意为“你认为怎么样”= How do you like ? What do you think of China?=How do you like China?答语I love it . / I like it. / I dont mind it. / I dont like it. / I cant stand it.(依次体现对其好恶程度) What do you think of Mary? She is very smart.(还可以夸赞)(1)How do you like the film? . A. No,I dont like it. B. The people and the music C.I like it very much D.Yes,I like it.(2)What do you _ the book you bought yesterday? A. think B. feel C. like D. think of(3)How do you like your Chinese teacher? .A.Yes,I like him very much B. He is very kind C. I enjoy his class 2. play a trick /joke on sb.捉弄某人He wanted to buy a new mobile phone,but his mother did not agree with him.He was so angry that he played a trick on his mother3.使役动词make的用法，意为“使，让”(1)make sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”Dont make her work at night.(2)make+sb+形容词意为“使某人是什么样的”What she said made me happy.(1)The woman made his son finally after she told him some jokes.A.laughedB. to laugh C. laugh D. laughing(2)We will have a field trip this afternoon. The news makes everyone .A. excited B. frightened C. happily D. luckily4.常见的系动词可简记为:一是be (am, is ,are ,was ,were,)二是感觉feel ，三是保持keep，stay,四是变become,get,turn，五是起来taste尝起来 ,smell 闻起来, look看起来, sound听起来，feel摸起来 后跟形容词作表语。(1)I feel to see that my hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.A.proud B.angry C.upset D.lonely(2)The cookies good. Could I have some more?A. taste B. smell C. feel D. sound(3)What is the matter with you? You so sad.A.look B.seem to have C.look like D.seem like5.ask for sth 索要某物 ask sb for sth“向某人索要某物” He asked his mother for some money.(1)He always asks me advice whatever he does.A. for B. on C. of(2)She wrote to her friend and information about computer programming.A. asked for B. went for C. cared for D.paid for6.treatas“把当作” Dont treat me as a child.7.wear, put on, dress, be in的区别(1)wear=be in意为“穿着”，表示状态， We wear our rain boots on a rainy day.She is wearing a new coat.(用一般现在时表示经常状态，用现在进行时表示暂时状态)(2)put on是“穿上”，“戴上”的意思，强调动作。She put on a red coat and went out. 注意：put on是一时的动作，不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用。他整天戴着草帽。 误：He puts on a hat all day. 正：He wears a hat all day(3)dress后接人，不接衣服，常用于dress sb“给某人穿衣” dress oneself“给某人自己穿衣”(1) Our football players _ in red clothes.A. puts on B. are C. in D. wear(2)The girl is too young to _ herself. A. wear B. Put on C.dress D. is in (3)Nancy, dont always_that old jacket. It looks terrible.But I think its cool. Mom.A.wear B.dress C.put on D.take off(4)Our math teacher an old coat and went out.A.wore B. wears C. put on D. puts on(5)Can you _ the kids while I make breakfastAll right, I will do it right now.A.put on B.wear C.dress D.be in8.dress up 意为“装扮，穿上盛装”dress up as意为“装扮成；打扮成”as后面接表示角色、职业等的名词。 Children like dressing up. He often dresses up as a farmer.9.important 为形容词“重要的” importance为名词“重要性”English is very and all the students know the of English study.A. important;importance B. important;important C. importance;importance D. importance;important10.share sth with sb“与某人分享某物” I shared my lunch with her.11. famous是形容词，意为“著名的，有名的”同义词是well-known，反义词是unknown(1)be famous for“因而出名”China is famous for the Great Wall.(2)be famous as“作为而出名”Michael Jackson is famous as a singer.(1)Well have dinner at Qianxilong Restaurant,which is famous its seafood.A.of B.to C.for D.as(2)Lu Xun(鲁迅)was famous _ a writer.A. for B. as C. ofD. with12.过去分词短语可作后置定语，意为“被的”。 The novels written by Lu Xun are very educational. a boy called/named Li Lei 一个被称作李雷的男孩13.区分 like doing sth和like to do sth(1)like doing sth意为“喜欢做某事”表示经常性的爱好。大多数情况都用like doing sth(2)like to do sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”表示偶尔或一时的爱好。I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 14.区分 hate doing sth.和hate to do sth(1)hate doing sth意为“讨厌做某事”表示经常性的讨厌。大多数情况都用hate doing sthI like cooking but hate doing the dishes.(2)hate to do sth. 意为“讨厌做某事”表示偶尔或一时的讨厌。 I like skating but I hate to skate today.15.“死”的多种形式：(1)death名词,意为“死亡，死”My little dogs death made me very sad.(2)die动词，意为“死亡，死”，是短暂性动词，如果和一段时间连用，要用be dead代替。His grandmother has been dead for ten years.He would rather die than lose the child.(3)dead形容词，意为“死的” He was watching his dead cat when I came in.(4)dying 是die的现在分词，常作形容词，意为“临死的，垂死的”The cat is dying.On April 14 ,2010,a serious earthquake happened in Yushu. More than 2000 people in it.A. dead B. death C. died D. die16.businessman名词，意为“商人，生意人” on business意为“因公出差” My uncle used to be a businessman,but now he is a worker. His father has gone to Beijing on business.17.warn sb to do sth.“警告某人做某事”warn sb not to do sth“警告某人不要做某事” She warned him to keep silent.18. tooto常和 notenough to及 sothat进行同义句转换He is too young to go to school.=He isnt old enough to go to school.=He is so young that he cant go to school.The problem is too difficult for me to work out.(改为同义句)The problem isnt for me to work out.19.expect sb to do sth.“期待某人做某事” We expect you to help us.Do you think Brazil will beat Japan in World Cup?Yes.They have better players,so I them to win.A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. wants20.end up doing sth“以做某事而告终”The party ended up singing. end up with sth.“以结束”The party ended up with her singing. The meeting ended singing an English song.A.off B. with C. in D. up21.take sb back to+某地，意为“带某人回到某到” I will take you back to London next week.22. remind的用法：(1)remind of “使某人回想起”The pictures remind me of my school days. (2)remind sb to do sth “提醒某人做某事”Please remind me to answer the letter.(1)The old song me of my grandpa. I like it very much.A. thinks B. remembers C. reminds D. minds(2)Please me call back the phone.A.remind;to B. remind;of C. reminding;to D. reminding;of 23.(1)be afraid to do sth=be afraid of doing sth.意为“害怕做某事”afraid=scared(2)be afraid of sth意为“害怕某物” She is afraid of the dog. She is scared of snakes.(1)Im afraid out at night alone.A. go B. going C. to go D. goes(2)The student is _ see the teacher because he_ a mistake.A. afraid of; has B. afraid to; has made C. afraid to; make D. afraid of; made 24.wake up意为“醒来”I usually wake up at 5am.wake sb up意为“叫醒某人”代词必须放在中间Please wake me up early in the morning.Your father is sleeping.Youd better .A.not to wake him up B.not wake him up C.not wake up him D.not to wake up him25.区分look for,find和find out(1)look for意为“寻找”，强调寻找的动作和过程。 I cant find my pen.Im looking for it everywhere.(2)find 动词，意为“找到”，强调找到这一结果 I looked,but I didnt find it.(3)find out 意为“查明，了解（常指弄明白事情的真相）”Please find out when the train leaves. (1)Where is my notebook? I cant it. A.need B.help C.find