英语词汇学自考题.doc

英语词汇学自考题-23(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、B./B(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.Which of the following is not one of the meanings of word meaning?_ A. Reference. B. Concept. C. Sense. D. Pronunciation.（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 word meaning(词的意义)可以指reference(所指)，concept(概念)和sense(语义)。答案为D。2.Reference is the relationship between language and the _. A. speakers B. listeners C. world D. specific country（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Reference is the relationship between language and the world所指是语言与周围世界的关系。答案为C。3.A word is the combination of form and _. A. spelling B. writing C. meaning D. denoting（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 We know that a word is the combination of form and meaning我们知道词是形式和意义的结合体。答案为C。4.The connection between the word-meaning and the thing it refers to is _. A. logical B. conventional C. grammatical D. formal（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 The reference of a word to a thing outside the language is arbitrary and conventional. 词对语言以外的事物所指是任意的、约定俗成的。答案为B。5.The reference of a word to a thing outside the language is _. A. fixed B. logical C. arbitrary D. confusing（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 The reference of a word to a thing outside the language is arbitrary and conventional. 词对语言以外的事物所指是任意的、约定俗成的。答案为C。6._ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind. A. Reference B. Concept C. Sense D. Motivation（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Concept, which is beyond language, is the result of human cognition.概念不同于语言，它是人类认知的结果，是客观事物在人大脑中的反映。答案为B。7.In English there are _ types of motivation that concerns the relationship between the sign and meaning. A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 在英语中，词的词义理据有四种类型：拟声理据、形态理据、语意理据和词源理据。答案为C。8.Generally speaking, the meaning of meaning is perhaps what is termed _. A. concept B. idea C. convention D. sense（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Generally speaking, the meaning of meaning is perhaps what is termed sense. 一般说来，“意义”的意义也许就是“语义”。答案为D。9.Unlike reference, sense denotes the relationships _ the language. A. inside B. outside C. between D. out of（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 unlike reference, sense denotes the relationship inside the language. 与所指不同的是，“语义”指的是语言内部的关系。答案为A。10.English words can be motivated _. A. phonologically B. morphologically C. etymologically D. all the above（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 There are onomatopoeic motivation, morphological motivation, semantic motivation, etymological motivation. 词义的理据有拟声理据，形态理据，语义理据和词源理据。答案为D。11.Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and _. A. its referent B. its referring expressions C. its meaning D. its concept（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning. 理据讨论的是语言符号和意义之间的关联。答案为C。12.Trumpet is a(n) _ motivated word. A. morphologically B. semantically C. onomatopoeically D. etymologically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 trumpet是以大象发出的声音为基础形成的词。In modern English one may find some words whose sounds suggest their meanings, for these words were created by imitating the natural sounds or noises在现代英语中，人们可能会发现有些词的声音暗示了其意义。因为这些词是通过模仿自然声音的方式创造出来的。答案为C。13._ is not morphologically motivated words. A. Black Market B. Airmail C. Reading-lamp D. Hopeless（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 black market的意义不是“黑色的市场”，而是“非法买卖(黑市)”，因此不是形态理据。答案为A。14.The words bow-wow, bang, tick-tuck are _ words. A. onomatopoeically motivated B. morphologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. etymologically motivated（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 bow-wow(汪汪叫)，bang(砰砰响)，tick-tuck(嘀嘀嗒嗒)，这些都是通过模仿自然声音的方式创造出来的，属于拟声词。答案为A。15.The words minibus and endless are _ words. A. onomatopoeically motivated B. morphologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. etymologically motivated（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：“mini-bus”和“endless”属于什么词?mini-bus(小型客车)，endless(无尽的)，这些词的意义可以由每一个词素的意义推导出，因此属于形态理据，即morphological motivation。答案为B。16.Hopeless is a _ motivated word. A. morphologically B. onomatopoeically C. semantically D. etymologically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 hopeless意为“绝望的”，词干是hope(希望)，后缀-less表示否定，因此可以推导出词义，属于形态理据，即morphological motivation。答案为A。17.The word miniskirt is _. A. morphologically motivated B. etymologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. none of the above（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：miniskirt一词是什么理据的词?miniskirt意为“超短裙”，词干skirt(裙子)，前缀mini-表示小，微型，因此可以推导出词义，属于形态理据，即morphological motivation。答案为A。18.Words like miaow and ping-pong are _ motivated. A. onomatopoeically B. morphologically C. semantically D. etymologically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：miaow和ping-pong这两个词属于什么理据的词?miaow(喵喵地叫)，通过模仿猫叫的声音创造的。ping-pong(乒乓声)，通过模仿打乒乓球的声音创造的。因此这两个词都是拟声理据，即onomatopoeic motivation。答案为A。19.The word airmail is _. A. morphologically motivated B. etymologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. none of the above（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 airmail意为“航空邮件”，词义可由air和mail两个词推导出，因此属于形态理据，即morphological motivation。答案为A。20.By _ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a particular word is related to its origin. A. onomatopoeic B. morphological C. semantic D. etymological（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 依据词源理据，很多词的意义经常与其来源直接相关。答案为D。21.The word laconic is _. A. onomatopoeically motivated B. morphologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. etymologically motivated（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 laconic意为“简洁的”，源自Lacons(拉肯人)，一个因其“言词精炼”和从不适用多余词的习惯而出名的部落，可见laconic属于词源理据，即etymological motivation。答案为D。22.Pen in The pen is mightier than the sword. is a _ word. A. onomatopoetically motivated B. morphologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. etymologically motivated（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 The pen is mightier than the sword在这句话中pen指“文章”，sword指“战争”。词义理据是指由词的概念意义所暗示的联想意义。答案为C。23.Walkman is a _ motivated word. A. onomatopoeically B. morphologically C. semantically D. etymologically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 walkman(随身听)源于商标名Walkman，因此属于词源理据。答案为D。24.In the sentence He is fond of pen, pen is a _ motivated word. A. morphologically B. onomatopoeically C. semantically D. etymologically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 在这句话中，pen使人联想到该词的暗示意义，因此属于词义理据，即semantic motivation。答案为C。25._ refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates the following relationships such as word-class, tense meaning, etc. A. Lexical meaning B. Conceptual meaning C. Grammatical meanings D. Associative meaning（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Grammatical meanings refer to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of speech of words, tense meanings of verbs and their inflectional forms语法意义是指单词意义的一部分，显示语法概念或关系，如单词的词性，时态意义等。答案为C。26._ meaning and grammatical meaning make up the word-meaning. A. Conceptual B. Lexical C. Social D. Associative（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Lexical meaning and grammatical meaning make up the word-meaning词汇意义和语法意义构成词义。答案为B。27.Functional words possess strong _ whereas content words have both meanings and lexical meaning in particular. A. grammatical meaning B. conceptual meaning C. associative meaning D. arbitrary meaning（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Functional words possess strong grammatical meaning whereas content words have both meanings and lexical meaning in particular功能词拥有很强的语法意义，而实义词带有两种意义，特别是词汇意义。答案为A。28.The information about the word class of a word is part of its _ meaning. A. lexical B. grammatical C. central D. derived（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Grammatical meanings refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of speech of word, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional form语法意义是指单词意义的一部分，显示语法概念或关系，如单词的词性，动词的时态意义和屈折形式。答案为B。29.Conceptual meaning is also known as _ meaning. A. denotative B. connotative C. sense D. lexical（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 conceptual meaning is also known as denotative meaning. 概念意义也称作外延意义。答案为A。30.The meaning given in the dictionary and forming the core of word-meaning is _. A. grammatical meaning B. lexical meaning C. conceptual meaning D. associative meaning（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Conceptual meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning概念意义，也称为外延意义，是词典中所给的意义，是词义的核心。答案为C。31.Associative meaning comprises _ types. A. two B. three C. four D. eight（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Associative meaning comprises four types: connotative, stylistic, affective, and collocative联想意义包括4种类型：内涵意义、文体意义、感情意义和搭配意义。答案为C。32.Connotative meaning is unstable, varying considerably according to _. A. culture B. historical period C. the experience of the individual D. all the above（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Connotative meaning is unstable, varying considerably according to culture, historical period，and the experience of the individual内涵意义不稳定，根据文化、历史时期、个人经历而变化得相当大。答案为D。33.Which kind of meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning?_ A. Conceptual meaning. B. Grammatical meaning. C. Lexical meaning. D. Associative meaning.（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 conceptual meaning(also known as denotative meaning)is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning概念意义(通常也称外延意义)是词典中给出的意义，并且构成了词义的核心。答案为A。34.Stylistic meaning refers to the features of _ of words. A. formality B. affectiveness C. appropriateness D. part of speech（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 在某些词典中，词的文体特征被标明为“正式”、“非正式”、“书面的”、“古词的”、“俚语”等，不同的场合适用不同的正式程度的词，所以文体意义是指词的正式程度。答案为A。35._ words have both same conceptual meaning and same stylistic meaning. A. A few B. Few C. Many D. Some（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 It is observed that there are few words which have both the same conceptual meaning and the stylistic meaning据观察，很少有词既有相同的概念意义，又有相同的文体意义。答案为B。36.Dwelling place is _ of home. A. the stylistic meaning B. the connotative meaning C. the conceptual meaning D. the