MIL-DTL-5541F中英文版

超级中文标准网超级中文标准网MIL-DTL-5541F 11 July 2006 2006年7月11日SUPERSEDING 替代MIL-C-5541E 30 November 1990 1990年11月30日DETAIL SPECIFICATION规范说明CHEMICAL CONVERSION COATINGSON ALUMINUM AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS铝和铝合金表面化学防护涂层This specification is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense.该规范适用于美国国防部所有部门和机构1. SCOPE 1. 范围1.1 Scope. This specification covers chemical conversion coatings formed by the reaction of chemical conversion materials with the surfaces of aluminum and aluminum alloys1.1范围. 该规范适用于铝制品和铝合金表面由于化学材料反应而形成的防护涂层。1.2 Classification. The chemical conversion coatings are of the following types and classes. 1.2分类.化学转换涂层分为以下类型和级别.1.2.1 Types. The chemical conversion coatings are of the following types (see 3.1):1.2.1 型号.化学转换涂层分为以下类型（见3.1）：Type I Compositions containing hexavalent chromium.型号I-成分包含六价铬。Type II Compositions containing no hexavalent chromium.型号II-成分不包含六价铬。1.2.2 Classes. The materials, which form protective coatings by chemical reaction with aluminum and aluminum alloys, are of the following classes (see 6.1 and 6.4). 1.2.2 级别.铝制品和铝合金制品通过化学反应形成的保护涂层的材料，分为以下级别（见6.1和6.4）Class 1A - For maximum protection against corrosion, painted or unpainted. 级别1A-用于最大防腐蚀、上漆或未上漆的防护涂层Class 3 - For protection against corrosion where low electrical resistance is required级别3-用于电阻值较低要求的防腐蚀涂层2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2. 应用文件2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3 or 4 of this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of documents cited in sections 3 or 4 of this specification, whether or not they are listed.2.1 概述.该部分所列文件在标准的3或4部分做过说明。该部分没有包括在本标准其他部分所引用的文件或推荐的附加信息以及文中所举例子。为了尽量满足该列表的完整性，文件使用者被要求必须满足3、4部分所引用文件的一切要求，不管其是否出现在列表中。2.2 Government documents. 2.2 政府文件2.2.1. Specifications and standards. The following specifications and standards form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.2.2.1 规范与标准。以下规范和标准形成该文件的扩展规范。除非另行说明，该文件的条款将被引用在招标和合同文件中。FEDERAL STANDARDS 联邦标准FED-STD-141 - Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related Materials: Methods of Inspection, Sampling and Testing FED-STD-141 油漆、清漆、漆器和相关材料：检测方法、采样和测试DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SPECIFICATIONS 国防部规范MIL-PRF-23377 - Primer Coatings: Epoxy, High-Solids MIL-PRF-23377 底漆涂层：环氧树脂、高固体MIL-DTL-81706 - Chemical Conversion Materials for Coating Aluminum and Aluminum AlloysMIL-DTL-81706 用于铝制品和铝合金的化学转换材料涂层MIL-PRF-85582 - Primer Coatings: Epoxy, WaterborneMIL-PRF-85582 底漆涂层：环氧树脂、水性(Copies of these documents are available online at /quicksearch or or from the Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.这些文件的复印件可在网上获得，网址：/quicksearch 或，或通过从标准文件订单获得，地址：费城，4D大厦，700 Robbins大街，PA 19111-5094.)2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.2.3 非政府出版物。以下规范和标准形成该文件的扩展规范。除非另行说明，该文件的条款将被引用在招标和合同文件中。AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM) INTERNATIONAL美国国家测试与标准协会（ASTM）国际ASTM-B117 - Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus, Operating. (DoD adopted)ASTM-B117 盐雾设备，操作（DoD采用）ASTM-D3359 - Adhesion By Tape Test, Measuring. (DoD adopted)ASTM-D3359 胶带粘性测试，测试（DoD采用）(Copies of these documents are available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or . 该文件复印件可从ASTM国际协会获得，地址：100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or .).MIL-DTL-5541FAMERICAN SOCIETY FOR QUALITY (ASQ) 美国质量协会（ASQ）ASQ-Z1.4 - Procedures, Sampling and Tables for Inspection by ASQ-Z1.4 程序、采样和列表的属性检测(Copies of this document are available from American Society for Quality, 600 North Plankinton Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53203 or . 该文件复印件可从ASTM国际协会获得，地址：600 North Plankinton Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53203 or . )SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS (SAE) INTERNATIONAL 国际汽车工程师协会（SAE）SAE-AMS4027 - Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate, 1.0Mg-0.60Si-0.28Cu- 0.20Cr, (6061; -T6 Sheet, -T651 Plate) Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated. (DoD adopted)SAE-AMS4027 铝合金，板材，1.0Mg-0.60Si-0.28Cu- 0.20Cr, (6061; -T6 板, -T651 板)，热处理解决方法和沉淀。（DoD采纳）SAE-AMS4037 - Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate, 4.4Cu-1.5Mg-0.60Mn, (2024; -T3 Flat Sheet; -T351 Plate) Solution Heat Treated. (DoD adopted)SAE-AMS4037 -铝合金，板材，4.4Cu-1.5Mg-0.60Mn, (2024; -T3 扁才; -T351 板)热处理解决方法。（DoD采纳）(Copies of these documents are available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 or . 该文件复印件可从国际汽车工程师协会获得，地址：400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 or .)2.4 Order of precedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.2.4 优先原则。当该标准文本与引用文件发生冲突时，优先选择文本文件。但是，除非有特殊说明，该文件不得取代应用法律和规则。3. REQUIREMENTS 3. 要求3.1 Materials. If no material type is specified type I shall be used. Unless otherwise specified in the contract or order, substitutions of either type I for type II, or type II for type I coatings are not permitted. The materials used to produce a chemical conversion coating shall be approved for the selected type, class, form, and application method in accordance with the qualification requirements of MIL-DTL-81706 and shall have been accepted for listing on the applicable qualified products list (see 6.5). Replenishing chemicals, such as fluorides, added to a bath to maintain its efficiency, shall not degrade the performance of the coating being applied. 3.1 材料。除非在合同和订单中另行规定，当没有相对应型号I的材料可以被使用时，不允许采用型号II代替型号I的材料或型号I的材料代替型号II。根据MIL-DTL-81706的要求以及应用高质量产品列表（见6.5）中的规定，对于产生化学防腐涂层的材料必须在选型、级别、形状及应用方法等方面得到许可。对于化学添加剂，如为了保持生产效率的添加物氟化物，不得在涂层被产生时降低涂层的生成级别。3.2 Cleaning. Prior to coating, the base metal shall be mechanically or chemically cleaned such that a water break-free surface is obtained after rinsing (see 6.6). Abrasives containing iron such as steel wool, iron oxide, rouge, or steel wire are prohibited for all cleaning operations. Treated parts that have become soiled shall be cleaned with materials that will remove the soil without damaging the base metal, the part, or the conversion coating. If the coating is damaged, the damaged area shall be recleaned and recoated or the part shall be rejected. 3.2 清洁。在产生涂层前，基层金属应该进行机械或化学清理，这样在漂洗后可在金属表面形成均匀水覆盖层（见6.6）。含有铁元素的摩擦物，如钢丝绒布、铁氧体、糙布以及钢丝刷禁止用在清洁过程中。当清理附着有泥土的部分时，不允许在清理过程中对基层金属或防腐涂层造成损伤。如果涂层被损伤，损害部分应当重新清洁并再次上涂层，否则产品将被拒收。3.3 Application. Unless an application method is specified in the contract or order (see 6.4), the chemical conversion coating shall be applied nonelectrolytically by spray, brush, or immersion after all heat treatments and mechanical operations such as forming, perforating, machining, brazing, and welding have been completed (see 6.11 and 6.14). Assemblies containing nonaluminum parts that may be attacked, embrittled, or damaged in any way by the conversion coating process shall not be coated as assemblies unless the nonaluminum parts are masked. 3.3 应用。除非在合同或订单中另行规定应用方法（见6.4），在所有热处理以及机加工操作（成型、射孔、机加工、打磨和焊接）完成之后（见6.11和6.14），化学防腐涂层应当被应用在由于喷雾、浸泡和涂刷时的非电解状态下。装配时，包含非铝制品部件的部分（可能会在防腐涂层产生过程中受到冲击、脆化或损坏）不应当被上涂层（除非该部分要求被覆盖）。3.4 Touch-up. If specified in the contract or order, mechanically damaged areas from which the coating has been removed shall be touched up or rejected. The damaged areas shall be touched up with MIL-DTL-81706 material approved on QPL-81706 for the applicable type, class, form, and method. The area to be touched up shall be not greater than 5 percent of the total item surface area (see 6.4 and 6.17). 3.4 修补。如果在合同和订单中有规定，由于机械损伤而产生的涂层损坏部分应当被修补否则将被拒收。损坏部分的修补参见MIL-DTL-81706材料许可QPL-81706应用型号、形状和方法。修补面积不得超过单个产品总表面积的5%。（见6.4和6.17）3.5 Appearance. The chemical conversion coating shall be continuous in appearance and visibly discernible in daylight. It shall be free from areas of powdery or loose coating, voids, scratches, flaws, and other defects or damages which reduce the serviceability of parts or are detrimental to the protective value and paint bonding characteristics. The size and number of contact marks shall be minimal, consistent with good practice. If specified in the contract or order, contact marks shall be touched up with MIL-DTL-81706 material approved on QPL-81706 for the applicable type, class, form, and method to prevent localized corrosion (see 6.4 and 6.8). 3.5 外观。化学防腐涂层应当在日光下保持完整性和清晰性。任何可能会损坏部件实用性或降低防腐水平以及油漆表面性能的缺陷，如粉末化、漏涂、擦刮、裂痕以及空泡都不允许发生。合同标识的尺寸以及数字应当最小化，保持最佳实用性。如在合同以及订单中有规定，合同标识应根据MIL-DTL-81706材料许可QPL-81706应用型号、形状和方法来进行润色。3.6 Performance characteristics. 3.6 性能特点3.6.1 Corrosion resistance. At the end of 168 hours of exposure to the 5 percent salt spray test specified in 4.4.1, test specimens (see 4.2.2) treated with the applicable class of coating shall meet the following corrosion resistance requirements (see 6.14): 3.6.1 防腐性能。根据4.4.1测试规定，经过168小时暴露在5%的盐雾喷射实验后，涂层应用级别处理的测试样本（见4.2.2）应当满足一下防腐性能要求（见6.14）：a. No more than 5 isolated spots or pits (see 6.9), none larger than 0.031 inch in diameter, per test specimen. Areas within 0.25 inch from the edges, identification markings, and holding points during processing or salt spray exposure shall be excluded. Loss of color shall not be cause for rejection. a.每个测试样本那个有超过5个绝缘点或坑（见6.9），每个直径不超过0.031英寸。从边缘开始的0.25英寸范围之内，在涂层处理或暴露于盐雾中时应避开识别标志、抓握点。失色不应成为拒收理由。b. No more than 15 isolated spots or pits, none larger than 0.031 inch in diameter, on the combined surface area of all five test specimens, subjected to the salt spray test. b.所有5个测试样本（盐雾试验）总体表面不得超过15个独立点坑，每个直径不得超过0.031英寸。3.6.2 Paint adhesion (wet tape). When the production paint system (6.13) or the paint system specified in .1 is applied to the applicable test specimens (see 4.2.2), no intercoat separation shall occur between the paint system and the conversion coating, or between the conversion coating and the base metal, when tested in accordance with 4.4.2 (an adhesion rating of 4A or better according to ASTM-D3359 Procedure A) (see 6.12). If the conversion coated parts do not require painting for end use, the paint adhesion test may be omitted if specifically authorized by the acquisition activity (see 6.4). 3.6.2 油漆附着性能（湿性胶带）。当产品油漆系统（6.13）或.1规定的油漆系统应用在测试样本中时（见4.2.2），根据4A中4.4.2（附着率）或根据ASTM-D3359程序A（见6.12），在油漆系统和防腐涂层之间，或者防腐涂层和基层金属之间不应产生中间涂层间隔。如果防腐涂层部分没有在最后被要求喷漆。则在采集性活动中经过官方许可，附着性测试可被省略（见6.4）。3.7 Electrical contact resistance of class 3 coatings. Electrical contact resistance testing shall be as specified in the contract or order (see 6.4). The test method, frequency of testing, and required resistance values shall be specified by the acquisition activity to meet the needs of a particular application (see ). 3.7 涂层级别3的接触电阻性能。在合同或订单中应当规定接触电阻性能测试（见6.4）。在采购活动中应规定测试方法、测试频率和电阻性能要求，以满足特殊应用的需求（见）3.8 Chemical analysis of the conversion solution. Chemical analysis of the conversion solution shall consist of concentration, pH, and temperature evaluations to determine that the bath is within the ranges specified by the chemical manufacturer (see 6.11). 3.8转换方案的化学分析。转换方案的化学分析应包括浓度、PH值、温度评测以决定电解槽是在化学制造商规定范围之内（见6.11）。3.9 Workmanship. The chemical conversion coatings covered by this specification shall be produced by treatments and processes that produce coated components as specified in this specification. 3.9 工艺。该标准所涉及的化学转化涂层应当是在处理过程中产生，因此生成的涂层材料符合本规范的规定。4. VERIFICATION 验证4.1 Classification of inspections. The inspection requirements specified herein are classified as follows: 4.1 检测分级。对本标准的检测分级要求如下所示：a. Process control inspection (see 4.2). 过程控制检测（见4.2）b. Conformance inspection (see 4.3). 一致性检测（见4.3）4.2 Process control inspection. 4.2 过程控制检测4.2.1 Process control tests and solution analysis. Test specimens shall be tested in accordance with table I and . In addition to the tests in table I, solution analysis shall be performed on all the processing solutions in the chemical conversion line (see 3.8) to verify that the chemical concentrations are within ranges established for optimum performance (see 6.11 and 6.14). Process control tests are conducted to determine compliance of the chemical conversion coatings with the requirements of this specification and are acceptable as evidence of the properties being obtained with the equipment and procedures employed. 4.2.1 过程控制测试与解决方案分析。测试样本应以表I和节为标准进行测试。除了表I的测试，在所有化学转化列表中（见3.8）都要求对解决方案进行分析，以验证化学浓度在给出的最佳完成效果范围之内（见6.11和6.14）。过程控制测试的目的，是确定化学转化涂层与本规范要求以及在使用设备和程序过程中所获得的特性证据接受度的一致性。TABLE I. Process control tests. 表I 过程控制测试Test测试Class级别Number of Test specimens测试样本编号Test Specimen preparation paragraph测试样本准备章节Requirement paragraph 要求章节Test paragraph测试章节CorrossionResistance防腐性能1A35...1Wet tape Adhesion湿性胶带粘性1A3224.2.2-4.2.2-..2Electrical contactResistance电接触电阻3.1.1 Frequency of process control testing and solution analysis. Solution analysis shall at a minimum be performed once every week (see 6.15). The process control tests specified in table I shall at a minimum be conducted on a monthly basis. In addition, the interval between each monthly test shall not exceed 35 days. If production in accordance with this specification is not performed for 35 days or more, process control tests and solution analysis shall be conducted at the restart of production. 过程控制测试与解决方案分析频率。解决方案分析至少一周一次（见6.15）。根据表I规定，过程控制测试周期要求至少以单月为基础。此外，每个月之间的间隔不得超过35天。如果生产中没有按照此要求完成，或超过35天完成，则过程控制测试和解决方案分析需要重新进行。4.2.2 Process control test specimens. Test specimens used for process control testing shall be 3 inches wide, 10 inches long, with a nominal thickness of not less than 0.020-inch. The test specimens shall be processed with the hardware during an actual production run, including all pre- and post-treatment processes such as cleaning and rinsing, except as specified below. Unless otherwise specified in the contract or order (see 6.4), either of the following alloy options for the process control test specimens shall be used: 4.2.2 过程控制测试样本。过程控制测试样本尺寸要求3英寸宽、10英寸长、平均厚度不得超过0.020英寸。在对样本的测试过程当中，应当完全按照实际生产过程中的程序来进行，包括所有预处理和后期处理，如清洁和漂洗，如下文规定。除非在合同和订单中另行规定（见6.4），以下在过程控制测试样本的合金材料操作应使用：Option 1 - A set of test specimens shall be used for each alloy and temper treated during the monthly process control period. 操作1 - 每月处理控制期间的用于回火处理和每种合金的一套测试样本。Option 2 - The test specimens shall be 2024-T3 aluminum alloy in accordance with SAE-AMS4037 for class 1A coatings and 6061-T6 aluminum alloy test specimens in accordance with SAE-AMS4027 for class 3 coatings. Aluminum alloy 2024-T3 test specimens may be used in lieu of 6061-T6 test specimens for testing class 3 coatings (see 6.10). When castings are being processed and the cleaning procedures used are detrimental to the wrought test specimens, the test specimens shall be cleaned in a proper manner (see 3.2) and the conversion coated with the castings. If the production parts are not 2024-T3 aluminum alloy and the etch or deoxidizer may be detrimental to the test specimens, the manufacturers recommended cleaning practices shall be used. 操作2 - 根据SAE-AMS4.37（适用于级别1A涂层和6.61-T6铝合金测试样本）以及SAE-AMS4027（铝合金测试样本级别3 涂层），测试样本应为2.24-T3铝合金。2.24-T3铝合金测试样本可以应用在级别3涂层6.61-T6测试样本（见6.10）环境下。当处理的铸件和应用的清洁流程对锻造测试样本产生有害效果时，应对测试样本采用适当的情节方法（见3.2）并对逐渐进行转化涂层。如果测试样本不是2.24-T3铝合金测试样本，并且蚀刻或脱氧剂可能会对样本造成损害时，应使用制造商推荐的清洁方法。 Preparation of paint adhesion specimens. Unless otherwise specified on the contract or order (see 6.4), the paint system to be used on the test specimens for adhesion testing (see 4.4.2 and 6.13) shall be the same system used for the production work (applied and cured in the same manner as the production work) or the paint system specified in .1. 样本涂料附着力准备。除非合同或订单中另行规定（见6.4），油漆系统中测试样本的额附着性能测试（见4.4.2和6.13）应与生产中使用（生产应用同种方法）同一种系统，或依照.1规定的油漆系统来完成。.1 Epoxy primer coatings. Test specimens shall be furnished with one coat of a volatile organic compound (VOC) compliant epoxy-polymide primer conforming to MIL-PRF-23377 or MIL-PRF-85582. In either case, the primer shall be applied to a dry film thickness of 0.0006 to 0.0009 inch (0.6 to 0.9 mil) and dried in accordance with the applicable primer specification before testing in accordance with 4.4.2. .1 环氧底漆涂层。要求符合MIL-PRF-23377 或 MIL-PRF-85582，测试样本应当涂上挥发性有机化合物（VOC）环氧聚酰亚胺底漆涂层。或者在另一种情况下，根据4.4.2在测试前，依照应用底漆干燥规定，干燥底漆厚度在0.0006到0.0009英寸之间。4.2.3 Failure. Failure to conform to any of the process control requirements specified in table I shall result in immediate cessation of production. The reason for failure shall be determined and corrected before production resumes. All traceable and retrievable work from the last acceptable process control test to the time when the failure was determined shall be rejected, unless the work under review can be demonstrated to meet the requirements of this specification. Unless otherwise specified, parts that have been painted or incorporated into an assembly shall not be considered retrievable. 4.2.3 失败。表I中规定的任何一种过程控制要求中的失败都将导致生产的立刻中止。失败的原因