qiu U10 Festivals and Holidays

1 Unit 10 Festivals and Holidays Text I Christmas 1 Christmas 纪念耶稣基督生的节日 12 月 25 日 圣诞节 2 Christian festival 基督教节日 3 in memory of 纪念 追念 This has been the hottest summer within my memory 就我所记得的 这是最热的一个夏天 He has a bad memory for dates 他对日期的记忆很差 It brought back to memories of my schooldays 它使我回想起我的学生时代 I got him to write his memories of his early days 我要他写他早年时代的回忆 录 4 derive 源自 出自 derive itself from 由 而来 源出 derive knowledge from books 从书中获得知识 Many English words are derived from Latin 许多英语词汇源于拉丁文 5 Christ s Mass 基督的节日 6 observe 庆祝 保留或庆祝 如 节日 observe a rule 遵守规则 observe a person s birthday 庆祝某人的生日 I observed him going out 我看见他出去了 He observed that we should probably have rain 他说我们可能遇雨 7 set 规定 为 规定时间 They set June 6 as the day of the invasion 规定六月六日为入侵时间 We set a high value on human life 我们赋予人类生命很高的价值 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it 世上无难事 只怕有心人 8 spirit 精神 灵魂 热情 情绪 Though unable to join us today they are with us in spirit 虽然他们今天不能加入我们中间来 但在精神上他们是与我们在一起的 The couple s engagement was announced in a joyous spirit 在快乐的气氛中宣布了这对新人的订婚 Her actions show a generous spirit 她的行为体现出她的慷慨大度 9 Jesus Christ 耶稣 生活在公元时代的导师和预言家 他的言行和教导形成了 基督教教义的基础 基督徒们相信耶稣是上帝的儿子和救世主 10 variation 变化 变异 变调 a variation in colour size 颜色 大小 的不同 the variation of opinion 意见的改变 The prices for food are subject to variation 食品的价格可能变更 11 symbolic 象征的 The protest was a symbolic gesture of anger at official policy Each element of the ceremony has a symbolic meaning 12 folk 民间的 2 folk culture 民间文化 a folk hero 民族英雄 13 adapt 使适合 1 adapt 指 修改或改变以适应新条件 如 You should adapt yourself to the new environment 你应该适应新环境 2 adjust 指 调整 调节 使之适应 如 You can t see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes 你把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后 你才看得见 3 fit 多指 大小适合 引伸为 吻合 如 The shoes fit me well 这鞋我穿正好 4 suit 多指 合乎要求 口味 性格 情况 如 No dish suits all tastes 众口难调 5 match 指 大小 色调 形状 性质等相配或相称 如 A red jacket doesn t match green trousers 红上衣与绿裤子不相配 14 Middle Ages 中世纪 欧洲历史上的古代与文艺复兴之间的时期 通常被认 为是从公元 476 年到 1453 年 15 vast banquet 盛宴 通常指正式的 宴会 酒席 give hold a banquet 举行宴会 a state banquet 国宴 a regular banquet 豪华的酒席 16 Yule log 圣诞节原木 传统上 在圣诞节放入壁炉里燃烧的大原木 Yule 圣诞节 17 Scandinavian 北欧一地区 包括挪威 瑞典 丹麦 冰岛的 斯堪的纳维亚人 语 18 practice 习惯 That company engages in questionable business practices 这个公司所从事的业 务有些问题 Facial tattooing is a standard practice among certain peoples 纹脸是某些民族的 基本习俗 19 kindle 点燃 使着火 引起 照亮 Her eyes kindled with joy 她的眼睛因喜悦而闪闪发光 This wood is too wet to kindle 这木柴太湿点不着 20 bonfire 大篝火 营火 21 in honor of 向 表示敬意 为祝贺 22 winter solstice 冬至 summer solstice 夏至 23 evergreens 常绿树 常绿植物 24 pre Christian 基督降生以前的 公元前的 25 Celtic and Teutonic tribes 凯尔特人 印欧民族的一支 最初分布在中欧 在前 罗马帝国时期遍及欧洲西部 不列颠群岛和加拉提亚东南部 尤指不列颠人 或高卢人 古代居住于西北欧的 条顿族的 日耳曼族的 26 honor 对 表示尊敬 27 eternal life 宗 永生 the eternal love 永恒的爱情 3 eternal chatter 没完没了的罗嗦 28 holly 圣诞节时装饰用的 冬青枝 29 worship 崇拜 尊敬 worship the ground sb treads on 拜倒在某人脚下 worship everything foreign 崇洋媚外 30 Christ s crown of thorns 荆棘王冠 31 legend 传说 历史 传奇故事 从早期时代相传下业的未经证实的故事 尤指那些被普遍认为是基于史实者 32 berries 浆果 33 brow 眉毛 额 34 Christmas wreath 花环 place lay a wreath at on the tomb of the Unknown Soldier 在无名战士墓上献 花圈 35 Martin Luther 路德 马丁 1483 1546 德国神学家 欧洲宗教改革运动的领袖 他反对教会阶层的富有和腐败 认为只要在信仰的基础上即可获得超度 而 不须借助于教会的典籍 这些观点使他于 1521 年与天主教会脱离 他肯定 了 1530 年的奥格斯堡忏悔会 成功的建立了的路德教会 36 sight 看见的物体 景象 This letter is for your sight only 这封信只给你看 Their first sight of land came after three days at sea 他们在海上三天之后才首次 见到陆地 Victory was not yet in sight 胜利尚不可预料 Do what is right in your own sight 做你认为对的事 The Grand Canyon is one of the sights of the world 大峡谷是世界名胜之一 37 with stars twinkling above 繁星在天空闪烁 eyes that twinkled with joy 闪烁着喜悦光芒的双眼 in a twinkle in the twinkle of an eye 一眨眼工夫 38 decorate 装饰 为 做室内装修 He decorated a house for New Year 装饰房子过新年 39 candle 蜡烛 40 scholar 学者 a scholar in of English 英语学者 As a scholar you will not have to pay college fees 作为接受奖学金的学生 你不必付大学的费用 Old as he is he is still a scholar 他活到老 学到老 I am not much of a scholar 我没有什么文化 41 the Savior 救世主基督 42 integral 完整的 整体的 The kitchen is an integral part of a house 厨房是房子不可缺的部分 43 beloved 所深爱的 Is he your beloved son 他是你的爱子吗 44 Santa Claus 圣诞老人 圣诞神灵的化身 常被描述成为一个快乐的 胖胖的 长着白胡子并穿红衣服的老人 他会在圣诞夜中给表现好的孩子带去礼物 45 derive 由 而来 源出 4 derive knowledge from books 从书中获得知识 Many English words are derived from Latin 许多英语词汇源于拉丁文 46 Christian bishop 基督教的主教 47 Asia Minor 小亚细亚 黑海与地中海之间亚洲西部的一个半岛 总体上与亚 洲的土耳其范围相当 通常认为与安纳托利亚同义 48 be noted for 因 而著名 49 associate 发生联系 associate one thing with another 把某一事与另一事联系起来 We associate China with the Greet Wall 我们想起中国 就联想到长城 50 saint 圣人 道德崇高的人 圣徒 51 Asia Minor 小亚细亚 黑海与地中海之间亚洲西部的一个半岛 总体上与亚 洲的土耳其范围相当 通常认为与安纳托利亚同义 52 Dutch settler 荷兰移民者 53 Washington Irving 欧文 华盛顿 1783 1859 美国作家 因其收在 见闻札记 1819 1820 年 中故事 瑞普 凡 温克尔 和 睡谷的传说 而为后世知 名 54 laughing 带笑的 笑容满面的 55 in fur trimmed dress 毛皮镶边 56 cartoonist 卡通画家 57 Thomas Nast 纳斯特 托马斯 1840 1902 德裔美国社论卡通画家 他刊登在 哈泼周刊 上的作品对特威德集团在纽约市的垮台很有影响 他还曾创作 象征共和党的大象和民主党的毛驴形象 58 when the Puritans came to power 清教徒兴起于 16 和 17 世纪的英国新教徒一 派的成员 主张严格的宗教原则和英国教堂的仪式及教义的从简 59 under Oliver Cromwell 克伦威尔 奥利弗 1599 1658 英国军人 政治家和宗 教领袖 他在英国内战时 1642 1649 年 率领国会军队取得了胜利并要求处 死查理一世 作为英格兰的护国公 1653 1658 年 他实际上实行独裁统治 他的儿子 理查德 1626 1712 年 在他之后继任护国公 1658 1659 年 但不 久以后就因查理二世的王政复辟而下台 60 ban 禁止 取缔 61 New England 新英格兰 美国东北的一个地区 由现在的缅因州 新罕布什 尔州 佛蒙特州 马萨诸塞州和康涅狄格州和罗得岛州组成 62 immigrant 从外国 移来的 移民的 移居的 emigrant 移居外国者 移民 5 Christmas feasting 圣诞大餐圣诞大餐 The year end festivities 欢宴 of ancient European peoples included huge feasts many of which lasted for several days The preparation of special foods later became an important part of the Christmas celebration throughout the world At the first Christmas feasts people roasted boars 烤野猪肉 pigs and peacocks 孔雀 over large open fires Today roast turkey 烤火鸡 is the most popular main course in the United States Canada Australia and New Zealand In the United Kingdom and Ireland people serve roast goose 烤鹅 Fish is the feature of Christmas Eve dinner in a number of countries For example Austrians eat baked carp 烤鲤鱼 and Norwegians dine on lutefisk 碱鱼 dried cod Vegetables relishes 开胃小菜 hot breads and a variety of other dishes accompany the main course of the Christmas feast everywhere Popular beverages 饮料 served especially at Christmastime 圣诞节期 include eggnog 蛋奶酒 in the United States and hot spicy wassail 麦芽酒 in England Many people in Sweden drink glogg 格拉格酒 a hot punch 宾治酒 made with spices 香料 liquors 酒精 raisins 葡萄干 and nuts 果仁 Favorite Christmas desserts in the United States include fruitcake mince pie 肉馅 饼 and pumpkin pie 南瓜饼 Plum pudding 葡萄干布丁 is traditional in Canada the United Kingdom and Ireland The French serve a Christmas cake called buche de Noel which looks like a miniature log 缩小的园木 Italians finish their meal with torrone 蜂蜜杏仁糖 a candy made of egg whites honey and nuts Fruit filled breads called stollen 果子甜面包 are favorites in Germany In Mexico and other Latin American countries thin round pastries 圆形馅饼 called bunuelos are usually eaten with cinnamon 桂皮香料 and sugar 6 Christmas around the world Christmas is the happiest and busiest time of the year for millions of Christians throughout the world People of different countries celebrate the holiday in various ways depending on national and local customs In the United States and Canada people decorate their homes with Christmas trees wreaths 花环 and ornaments 装饰物 City streets sparkle with colored lights and the sound of bells and Christmas carols 圣诞节颂歌 fills the air During the weeks before Christmas children write letters to Santa Claus and tell him what presents they would like to receive Many department stores hire people to wear a Santa Claus costume and listen to children s requests People share holiday greetings by sending Christmas cards to relatives and friends Many companies give presents to their employees A Christmas tree is the main attraction in most homes Relatives and friends may join in trimming 装饰 the tree with lights tinsel 金属片 and colorful ornaments Presents are placed under the tree Many young children believe the presents are brought by Santa Claus who arrives on Christmas Eve in a sleigh 雪橇 pulled by reindeer 驯鹿 Some youngsters hang up stockings 长袜 so Santa can fill them with candy fruit and other small gifts Families open their presents on Christmas Eve or Christmas morning In many parts of the United States and Canada groups of carolers 唱颂歌的人 walk from house to house and sing Christmas songs Some people give the singers money or small gifts or invite them in for a warm drink Many people attend church services on Christmas Eve or Christmas morning Churches are decorated with evergreen branches red poinsettias 圣诞花 and scenes of the Nativity 基督的诞生 Churchgoers listen to readings from the Bible and join in singing Christmas carols 耶 诞颂歌 A traditional Christmas dinner includes stuffed turkey 填火鸡 mashed potatoes 马铃薯泥 cranberry sauce 酸果曼沙司 and a variety of other dishes Some families have ham or roast goose instead of turkey Favorite desserts include mince pie 肉馅饼 or pumpkin pie 南瓜饼 plum pudding 葡萄干布丁 and fruitcake Eggnog 蛋奶酒 is a popular Christmas beverage in many homes 7 Text II Celebrating the Chinese New Year Home and Abroad 1 the most elaborate 精心制作的 2 fini