九年级英语语法复习.doc

九年级英语语法复习-从句一宾 语 从 句1定义：在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2引导词 （1）以that 引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句， that可以省略。eg, The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on.（2）以连接代词which, what, who，how, where, why 等引导的特殊疑问句式的宾语从句，从句是陈述语序，无助动词eg, Could you tell me whats the matter with u? I want to know how you come to school. （3）以 whether 或 if 引导一般疑问句或选择疑问句式的宾语从句，从句是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用ifeg, We are talking about whether well go on the picnic.引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether you go or not?if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether.eg, You cant work the plan out if you dont have the meeting .3时态 主句 从句一般现在时态、现在进行时态、一般将来时态时 任何时态 一般过去时态 和过去有关的时态客观真理或自然现象时：一般现在时练习与巩固( )1.The teacher asked the students _.A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein bornC. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted( )2.Could you tell me _ ?A.what the matter is with you B. what was the matter with youC. hats the matter with you D. whats the wrong with you .( )3.He asked me _ I could sing the song “My Heart will Go On.” A. if B. weather C.what D. that( )4.Our teacher told us that the moon _ round the earth. A. went B. turned C.go D. turns( )5. It makes no difference _. A.whether will you come tomorrow. B.Whether or not will be pass the exam C.If he will come to the meeting or not D.Whether he will come to the meeting or not( )6. They dont know _ their parents are. A.that B. what C. why D. which( )7. I am sure _ you said is true. A. what B. that C. which D. who ( )8. The old man told us _ and _. A. to do what , to do how B. what to do it, how to do it C. what to do, how to do it D. what to do , how to do ( )9.-Do you know when the World Cup _ next week?- Next Friday. When it _, I will ring you. A. begins, begins B. begins, will begin C. will begin, will begin D. will begin, begins( )10.A:- Today or tomorrow? B:- What are you talking about? C:We are talking about _ to give a talk on WTO. A. how B. where C. when D. what( )11. I wonder _. A. where does he liveB. where he live C. he lives where D. where he lives( )12. - Are you sure you have to ? Its been very late. - I dont know _ I can do it if not now. A. where B. why C. when D. how( )13. -Would you please tell me _? - In a small village near Ningbo. A. where was your mother born B. where your mother was born C. when was your mother born D. when your mother was born( )14. The photograph will show you _. A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like( )15. - Can you guess if they _ to play basketball with us? - I think theyll come if they _ free. A. will come, will be B. will come, are C. come, are D. come, will be( )16. -Where does he come from ? - Pardon? - I asked where_. A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from( )17. She wondered _. A. how much he cost the computer B. how much he paid for the computer C. how much the computer will cost him D. how much did he spend on the computer( )18. -Do you know _? - Im not sure. Maybe he is a businessman. A. who he is B. who is he C. what he does D. what does he do 二状 语 从 句 1.用法：状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。2.种类：各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表： 时间when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, beforeWhenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。条件If, unless As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着， 我就要学习。原因As, because, sinceSince we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。地点Where Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。目的So that, in order thatFinish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。结果So that, sothat, suchthat He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. 他气得说不出话了。让步though, although, even if, howeverThough he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。方式As Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。比较than, (not)asas, The work isnt as easy as I thought.这项工作比我想象得难。3.易混引导词while, when, as的区别： when既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用，也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（=while）。如： When he came in, his mother was cooking. When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day. While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working.As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有“随着”或“一边一边”之意。如：As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。Because,as,since 的区别：Because 用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As 用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成“由于”；Since 表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成“既然”。如：Water is very important _because we cant live without it.He didnt come yesterday _ his mother was ill.Ill do it for you _ you are busy.suchthat, sothat, so that 引导结果状语从句的区别：such是形容词，修饰名词; so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词。其结构如下：1) such + a (n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词+that2) such+形容词+复数可数名词+that 3) such +形容词+不可数名词+that。如：This was such a good film/ so good a film that I went to see it several times.It was such good books that they sell well.It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.注：在“形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词”结构中，当名词前有many, much, few, little表示数量的多少时，名词前用so。如：She made so many mistakes that she didnt pass the exam.练习与巩固： 选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。1.Jim spends a lot of money on books_he is not rich. 2.Kate fell into sleep _she was listening to the music.3.-Is David at school today? -No. He is at home _he has a bad cold.4.We wont have supper _my mother comes back.5.Speak to him slowly _he may understand you better.6. _ she doesnt come on Sunday, Ill go fishing by myself.7.It is four years _I had left that small village.8. _the air moves, it is called wind.9.We will go to the park _it doesnt rain tomorrow.10._little boys did _much work. 11.There are few new words in the passage _we cant understand it.12.Go back _you come from.13.He reached the station _the train had left.14.-Do you have a swimming pool? -No, we dont. At least, not _big _yours.15.Give me your paper _you have finished it.16.It is raining hard, _we have to stay at home.17. _you work harder, youll never pass the final exam.18.Look after te children _I am out.19.The village is _far away _I cant get there on foot.20.That is _an interesting book _I cant stop reading it. 三定 语 从 句（一）定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词 叫先行词。 定语从句放在先行词后面。（二）引导定语从句的词：有关系代词that、which、who、 which、 whose和关系副词where 、when，关系代词和关系副词是引导词， 在定语从句中担当某一成份。（三）关系代词和关系副词的作用： 1.先行词指物时， 关系代词用that 或which（在句中作主语或宾语）。 如：China is a country which / that has a large population. 2.先行词指人时， 关系代词用（who/that）作主语或宾语，whom (作宾语)，whose (作定语)， 如：This is the policeman who/ whom they were talking about yesterday.I like the girl whose mother is an actor.注意：下列情况下关系代词只用that 而不用which 或 who。先行词是指物的不代词，如：all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时。 如：I didnt understand the words all that he said.先行词由最高级、序数词以及any, very, only, all, no, just 等所修饰。如：This is the most beautiful place that I have been to .行词既包括人，也包括物。如：They always like to talk about the man and the things that they see on the road.当主句是以which 或who 开头的特殊疑问句时。如：who is the man that opened up the lab.练习与巩固（ ）1.Did you find the notebook _ Jim had given me for my birthday? A. who B. whom C. which D. whose（ ）2. Thats all _ I have seen and heard. A. which B. that C. where D. what（ ）3. Have you seen the man _ plan we were talking about _ yesterday ? A. who, them B. its, them C. whose,/ D. whose, them （ ）4.The Oscar is one of the film prizes _ offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far. A. which are not B. that have not been C. that has not D. that has not been（ ）5. He never reads anything _ is not worth reading. A. that B. as C. who D. which（ ）6. The man _ coat is black is waiting at the gate. A. whos B. whose C. that D. of which（ ）7. _ cleans the classroom can go home first. A. Anyone B. those who C. However D. The one who（ ）8. The police caught the man _ stole my handbag. A. he B. that C. whom D. which（ ）9. The girl _ is reading under the tree _ my sister. A. which, is B. whom, was C. who , is D. who, was（ ）10. George Mallory was an English teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which（ ）11.He is a friend _ can help you in time of need.A. who he B. whose C. / D. who（ ）12.The most important thing _ we should pay attention to is the first thing _ I have said. A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, that（ ）13.This is the only one of these books that _worth reading.Ahas B. have C. is D. are （ ）14.The man _ talked to you just now is my father. A. who B. he C. which D. whose.（ ）15.They thought too much about _.A. which I had said B. what I had said C. that I had said D. I had said四.表语从句 1.定义：表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。 2.位置：表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。 名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句， 例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)/ What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语， that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分， 不能省略)/That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句充当原因状语) “That is why.”是常用句型， 意为“这就是的原因/因此”， 其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语， 该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结 下面是两个与“That is why.”形式相似的结构，(1)“That is why.”与“That is the reason why.”同义，但从语法结构上讲， “That is the reason why.”中why引导的是个定语从句， 将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why.”结构一样， 例如： That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由。 (2)“That is because.”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，意为“这就是为什么/因为”。“That is because.”与“That is why.”之间的不同在于“That is because.”指原因或理由， “That is why.”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果， 例如： He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影， 那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果， 第二句话说明原因) 练习1.The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. A. when B. why C. whether D. that 2.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how 3. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 4._ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that 5._ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because 6. Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? Oh, thats _. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 定语从句D D.C。A B。1-5 CDCBA 6-10 BDBCA宾语从句后1-5 DCDCB 6-10 BBBBA状语从句because as since Keys: 1.though 2.while 3.because 4.until 5. so that 6.Even if 7.since 8.when 9.if 10.Such, do 11.but 12.where 13.before 14.as(so), as15.after 16.so 17.unless 18.while 19.so, that 20.such, that答案D B A A B A综 合 练 习一、用所给词的适当形式填空：1.Please make _for my bike.(room)2.The beautiful scenery of Qingdao _a large number of people to visit every year.(attract)3.Our room is on the eleventh floor. What about _? (you)4.Summer is the _ season of the year. (hot)5.We must _our classroom clean and tidy every day.(keep)6. _of Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympic.(thousand)7.The book is rather interesting. Its _reading again.（worth）8.Thank you for _me your dictionary. Ill return it to you soon.(lend)9.Hard work brings _.(successful)10.We should do something to stop waste water from _rivers and seas.（pollute）11.The old man put on his sweater and _out alone.(go)12.One of the _comes from South Africa.（science）13.I think I can do _in French this year than last year. （well）14.After three _study, we worked out the physics problem.（month）15. I went upstairs and _at the door. (knock)16.The children are playing _in the park. (happy)17.Her brother enjoys _very much. (surf)18.I have _a seat on the plane, but the flight was canceled.(book)19.She lay_for hours thinking over her business.(wake)20.Please turn to another _. I dont like this show. (channel)21.“Help! Help! I _!”the little boy cried in the river.(dead)22.There is a big difference between you and _.(I)23.He often _speaking English with foreigners.(practice)24.We have some problems_there.(get)25.Katy thinks _in town is more exciting than in the country.(live)26.I heard her _when I walked past her room.(sing)27.Telll me the _number, dont use “about”or “or so”.(exactly)28.We lived in a place _Gum Tree. (call)29.My daughter says hes feeling even_today.(ill)30.The weather gets warmer, and the days get _. (long)31.In which country is the weather most like _?(China)32.-Jim, have you written a letter to your aunt? -Yes, Mum. I _ one last week.(write)33.Look at the sign:“No _!”. I am afraid you cant smoke here.(smoke)34.Dont keep me _for a long time.(wait)35.The police have caught the thief who matches the mans _.(describe)36.Help _to some fish, children.(you)37.Youd better go to see the doctor and have your bad teeth_out. (pull)38.Bad luck!I had my purse_.(steal)39.The cars made in America are much cheaper than _in Germany.(that)40.John became a doctor after he _up.(grow)41.The match _in the league last month was wonderful.(hold)42.I am sure that our team will _theirs.(beat)43.Both of the two rulers are_. I want to buy a third one.(break)44.-This digital camera is really cheap! -The cheaper, the _. I am short of money , you see.(good)45.How long has your mother _here?(be)46.All the students are busy_ ready for the coming exam.(get)47.The children looked _.(happy)48. How _you are living in Qingdao! (luck)49.When we arrived here, all the apples had _up.(eat)50.Talk about your plan and how to make it _.(work)51.I can see_ in the picture.(baby)52. It has developed a lot because So many_ cities are around it.(satellite)53.She stopped _and listened to her mother.(cry)54.I like _the dolphin swim and jump.(watch)55.Be _to others and they will be the same to you.(friend)56.”Nut” _”jianguo”.(mean)57.They often do some _in the morning.(clean)58.-The fridge in the middle is very nice. -I think so, but it _too much.(cost)59.What a poor boy, he was _ in the forest.(lose)60.-Dont touch the papers. -Certainly, Ill not _the papers be touched.(let)61.He felt very sorry when he realized what a terrible mistake he _.(make)62.I prefer _(swim) to _(run).63.There are a lot _apples in this basket than in that one.(many)64.Florence took lessons in music and drawing, and read _.(wide)65. _the button and you can get what you want.(press)66.He was not the only _in this terrorist attacks.(victim)67.Teachers _our exam papers already.(score)68.The police have caught then thief who _our description.(match)69.They _me as their family member.(regard)70.After he graduated from middle school, he _his education.(continue)71.I couldnt hear what he said. Ask him to speak more _, please.(clear)72.I _ him to a game of tennis and at last he won.(challenge)73.Many doctors are _to the village.(send)74.The flood _the old bridge away last night.(wash)75.How many _fossils can you see in the museum?(dinosaur)76.Lessons learned easily are soon _.(forget)77.The _boy hid behind the door.(frighten)78.The first part of the 20th century _more great inventions.(see)79.The past has_with the wind.(go)8