英美概况选修课 练习全稿 附答案

Chapter 1 General Study of UK I For each statement there are four choices marked A B C D choose the best one to complete the statement 1 The national flag of the United Kingdom known as the Union Jack is made up of crosses A one B Two C three D four 2 The highest mountain peak in Britain is in A England B Scotland C Wales D Northern Ireland 3 The largest lake in Britain is A Loch Lomond B the Lough Neagh C Windermere D Ullswater 4 The Lake District is well known for A its wild and beautiful scenery B its varied lakes C the lake Poets D all of the above three 5 The British Isles are made up of A two large islands and hundreds of small ones B two large islands and Northern Ireland C three large islands and hundreds of small ones D three large islands and Northern Ireland 6 Among the four political divisions of Britain is the most densely populated A England B Scotland C Wales D Northern Ireland 7 The capital of Scotland is A Belfast B Cardiff C Edinburgh D Dublin 8 Britain s climate is influenced by which brings about affluent rain to the British Isles A the Atlantic Gulf Stream B the equator C the Pacific Current D the Brazil current II Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False 1 To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland 2 The Pennines are known as the Backbone of England 3 London the capital of the UK is situated on the Severn River near its mouth 4 The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 5 The longest river in Britain is River Thames 6 God Save the Queen is a national anthem used only in Britain 7 The highest point of the Pennines is Cross Fell which is 893 meters high III Fill in the blanks 1 The capital of the Scotland is the capital of Wales is the capital of the Republic of Ireland is and the capital of Northern Ireland is 2 The highest peak of Britain is It is located in the Highlands of Scotland 3 is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain 4 is the longest river in Britain 5 The Backbone of England refers to the 6 is the most important river in London 7 is the largest lake in Britain which is located in Northern Ireland 8 The British national anthem is 9 The British Isles are made up of two large islands and and hundreds of small ones 10 The three political divisions on the island of Great Britain are and IV Directions Give a brief answer to each of the following questions 1 What is the general climate in Britain 2 What does UK stand for 3 What is UK made up of Chapter 2 General Study of USA I Fill in the blanks 1 The full name of US is 2 The USA consists of states and a federal district of 3 located in New York Harbor is a symbol of liberty 4 The national flower and tree of America is and 5 The nickname of US is 6 The capital city of US is 7 US can be divided into distinct areas based on the geographical features 8 is the lowest point of America 9 Among the Great Lakes is completely in America 10 Between the Appalachian and Rochies is the 11 The Yellowstone National Park is primarily in 12 The largest state in US is 13 is the largest Mississippi tributary measured by water volume 14 The longest river in North America is 15 The most populous city in the United States is 16 The Great Lakes include and II Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False 1 The African Americans is the largest racial minority 2 Mississippi River is the longest river in the world 3 The USA is the fourth largest country in the world in population 4 Los Angeles is home to Hollywood globally recognized as the center of the motion picture industry 5 The star spangled banner is the national anthem of the USA Chapter 3 British History I For each statement there are four choices marked A B C D Choose the best one to complete the statement 1 The English people are descendants of A Celts B Romans C Anglo Saxons D Danes 2 Britian entered into society of feudalism after the Conquest A Roman B Anglo Saxon C Norman D Danish 3 The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in A 200 B C B 55 B C C 55 A D D 410 A D 4 The Hundred Years War started in A 1733 B 1453 C 1337 D 1357 5 The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the A Celts B Gaels C Iberians D Brythons 6 The Wars of Roses were fought between the House of and the House of A Lanchester York B Lanchester Kent C Lancaster Kent D Lancaster York 7 Christmas Day Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey A 1056 B 1066 C 1006 D 1060 II Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False 1 It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people 2 The Hundred Year s War is a civil war 3 The Anglo Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the foundation on which the English nation was to be formed 4 The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John 5 Henry II started the English Reformation and established the Church of England III Fill in the blanks 1 The England Civil War was also called between two Houses 2 The greatest contribution Romans brought to the English nation is 3 was the founder of the English legal system and the Common Law 4 It is generally believed that fedualism in England ended with 5 The English Reformation is a reform in 6 Bill of Rights means the beginning of the age of 7 was the ancestors of Scots and Irish 8 England and the English language derived from 9 marked the beginning of English fedual society IV Explain the following terms in English 1 Norman Conquest of 1066 Chapter 4 American History I For each statement there are four choices marked A B C and D choose the best one to complete the statement 1 The US continental expansion was almost complete by A 1840 B 1845 C 1846 D 1848 2 Jamestown the first successful English colony was built in A 1598 B 1603 C 1607 D 1620 3 The first shot of the American War of Independence was fired in A Concord B Lexington C Philadelphia D Boston 4 The principal author of the Declaration of Independence was A Thomas Jefferson B Benjamin Franklin C John Adams D George Washington II Fill in the blanks 1 The American continent was first discovered by an Italian sailor 2 The ship took 102 puritans to north America and established the Plymouth colony in 1620 3 which was adopted on July 4 1776 by the Congress officially proclaimed the independence of 13 North American colonies 4 In 1863 Lincoln issued the which liberated some four million black slaves in the seceded states 5 The famous novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe made a great stir in the northern states and the novel became an instant best seller 6 The battle of is the turning point in the American Civil War 7 American Civil War took place between and 8 announced the liberation of black slaves for the first time in American history III Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False 1 The first successful English settlements were the Virginia Colony in Jamestown in 1607 2 The United States was founded by thirteen British colonies located along the Atlantic seaboard 3 The early settlers in all these 13 colonies were from different European countries but the majority of them came from England 4 The Battle of Gettysburg is the largest battle in the history of the Western hemisphere 5 Boston Tea Party was the direct cause of the American War of Independence Chapter 5 British Politics I For each statement there are four choices marked A B C D Choose the best one to complete the statement 1 By tradition the leader of the majority party is appointed by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom A Prime Minister B Member of Parliament C Lord of Appeal D Speaker of the House 2 The British Prime Minister is appointed by and he or she always sits in A the Queen the House of Commons B the Speaker the House of Lords C the Archbishop of Canterbury the House of Commons D the Archbishop of Canterbury the House of Lords 3 All the government ministers of Britain must be members of A the House of Lords B the House of Commons C the Privy Council D Parliament 4 The party that has the majority of seats in will form the government A the House of Commons B the House of Lords C the Privy Council D the Cabinet 5 The ultimate authority for law making resides in the A the House of Lords B the House of Commons C the Privy Council D the Shadow Cabinet 6 The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament A 651 B 1 200 C 1 198 D 763 7 Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election in Great Britain A members in the house of Commons B Lords in the House of Lords C the UK citizens above the age of 18 D the UK citizens of the Irish Republic 8 The party which wins the second largest numbers of seats at the House of commons is called A the frontbenchers B the backbenchers C the shadow cabinet D the Opposition 9 In Britain government cannot spend any money without the permission of A the Queen B the Prime Minister C the House of Commons D the House of Lords 10 Elizabeth II succeeded to the throne in A 1951 B 1952 C 1953 D 1954 11 Among the following members the first one to succeed to the throne is A the king s brother B the catholic son C the protestant daughter D the protestant son 12 The monarch s eldest daughter is usually called A princess of Wales B princess royal C princess daughter D female prince of Wales 13 Most of the practical work of the government is done by A the prime minister B the cabinet ministers C the heads of departments D the civil servants 14 A civil servant must be A a member of the Party in power B a member of parliament C active in politics D politically neutral 15 The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except the A the Queen s Bench B the Chancellor Division C the Family Division D the Criminal Division 16 The House of Lords is presided by A the Lord Chancellor B the Queen C the Archbishop of Canterbury D the Prime Minister 17 Which is not right to describe the prime minister in Great Britain A the head of cabinet B the head of civil service C the leader of the party in power D the head of the country 18 The general election in UK normally takes place A every 3 years B every 4 years C every 5 years D every 6 years II Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False 1 Members of Parliament MPs are those who inherit the noble titles 2 The system of the parliamentary government of the U K is based on a written constitution 3 The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal 4 In Britain changes of Government do not involve changes in departmental staff who continue to carry out their duties whichever party is in power 5 The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Minister 6 Prime Minister is the leader of the British government 7 The title of the life peer is hereditary III Fill in the blanks 1 The three major political parties in the UK are and 2 The present sovereign of Britain is Queen and Prince is the heir to the throne 3 The presiding officer of the House of Commons is 4 The person who presides over the debate of the Upper House is known as 5 British Parliament consists of the Sovereign the House of and the House of 6 The United Kingdom is a monarchy in which the is the head of state and the is the head of government IV Explain the following terms in English 1 constitutional monarchy V Directions Give a brief answer to each of the following questions 1 What are the two major political parties in Britain 2 What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government Chapter 6 American Politics I For each statement there are four choices marked A B C and D choose the best one to complete the statement 1 The power of the state in the US is actually from A the central government B the state constitution C the US Constitution D both B and C 2 The terms of the senator and representative are and years respectively A two four B six two C two six D two three 3 Presidential appointments of senior officials must be approved by a majority vote in A Congress B the House of Representatives C the Supreme Court D the Senate 4 The American president has all the following powers except A declaring wars B making treaties C making laws D granting pardons 5 The highest authority of the Supreme Court is A to review decisions of the courts of appe B to review decisions of the federal district courts C to try the impeachment case D to interpret the US Constitution 6 The president s veto can be overriden by two thirds votes in A Senate B the House C the Supreme Court D each house 7 The number of the presidential elector in each state is equal to the number of A its senators B its representatives C its senators and representatives D its states 8 The American president is actually elected by A the House B presidential electors C the Senate D American citizen 9 Among the following which is not the qualification for president in America A having received higher education B 35 years old on the date of election C be an American citizen for 14 years D a natural born citizen in America 10 Which of the following is not branch of American federal court system A Supreme court B Superior court C District court D Court of appeal II Fill in the blanks 1 The American is the legislative branch of the Federal Government 2 The is the supreme law of the U S and source of all powers of both federal government and state governments 3 American Congress made up of the and is the law making and the supreme legislative body of the nation 4 Federalism means the division of powers by the constitution between the government and governments 5 The Separation of powers in the United States means the allocation of power to Congress power to President and power to the Supreme Court 6 The US constitution allows the president to in federal criminal cases 7 In general two party system in America primarily refers to two major political parties now and 8 founded by anti slavery expansion activists in 1854 is often called the Grand Old Party GOP III Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False 1 The separation of powers is one of the basic doctrines in the U S Constitution in order to prevent abuse of power 2 Powers of the state government are from the federal government 3 All treaties and all the President s appointments to high office are subjected to the congress s approval 4 Under the Constitution the President is head of the Senate 5 The Secretary of State is mainly concerned with foreign affairs 6 All the bills passed by congress must be signed by the president before becoming laws 7 Federal justices have their jobs for life with good behavior unless they resign retire or are impeached 8 Both Houses of Congress are directly elected by American people 9 All U S citizens from the age of 16 regardless of race gender or wealth have right to vote and being voted 10 All of the American judges can hold for life as long as they make no mistakes IV Explain the following terms in English 1 Federalism V Directions Give a brief answer to each of the following questions 1 The form of the U S government is based on three main principles what are they Chapter 7 American and British Education I For each statement there are four choices marked A B C and D choose the best one to complete the statement 1 The world famous Harvard University is in A Massachusetts B New York C Washington D C D New England 2 Which of the following statements about American education is not true A Elementary and secondary education in America is free and compulsory B Private schools are financially supported by religious or nonreligious private organizations or individuals C Most parents send their children into public schools because it provides better educational quality D Generally the curriculum in public elementary school is determined by individual school districts 3 Typically in America formal education involves three levels except A preschool education B elementary education C secondary education D post secondary education 4 Who is fully responsible for education in America A the Federal government B the state governments C the national government D the Department of Education 5 In the American school system there are twelve levels called A classes B grades C divisions D high school 6 is the earliest university in America A Yale B Harvard C Brown D Columbia 7 Which of the following is not the admission criteria into colleges for high school students A class ranking B Standardized test scores C research ability D GPA 8 Among the following universities which is not a member of Ivy League A Columbia University B Brown University C University of Pennsylvania D Massachusetts Institute of Technology 9 In Britain compulsory education presently ends at A 14 B 16 C 17 D 18 10 Which one is not considered as the most famous boarding private schools in Britain A Eton College B Harrow School C Woodland Junior School D Rugby School 11 If a student wants to go to university in Britain he will take the examination called A General Certificate of Education Advanced B General Certificate of Secondary Education C the common entrance examination D General National Vocational Qualifications 12 In Britain the great majority of parents send their children to A private schools B independent schools C state schools D public schools II Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False 1 Formal education in the United States consists of elementary secondary and higher education 2 Children education is compulsory but age for it varies in America 3 It is very easy to get a bachelor s degree since America is a great power in education 4 SAT and ACT are the most common standardized tests that American students take when applying to college 5 Education in Britain is compulsory for children aged from 5 to