unit3grammar课件

Unit3Computers Period 4语法专题课 WhatisPC personalcomputer 2 WhatisIT InformationTechnology 3 WhatisW W W Worldwideweb Revision 4 科学技术 Scienceandtechnology 5 人工智能 Artificialintelligence 6 笔记本电脑 Laptop Lead in Areyoufamiliarwiththesecomputers Canyoucallthem Pen likeComputer TabletPC FlatPC WWPC wrist wornPC Thefirstwrist wornPChasbeeninventedin2006 in2013 Apen likecomputerhasalreadybeendeveloped ThepublicbikeshavealreadybeenusedinLanzhou Thehigh speedrailwayshavebeenbuilt WandaPlazahavebeenbuilt 1 Thefirstwrist wornPChasbeeninventedin2006 2 Apen likecomputerhasalreadybeendeveloped 3 ThepublicbikeshavealreadybeenusedinLanzhou 4 Thehigh speedrailwayshavebeenbuilt 5 WandaPlazahavebeenbuilt Dotheyhavesomethingincommon Discovering 现在完成时 被动语态 ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice 现在完成时的被动语态 have has not been done 语法复习英语中有两种语态 分为主动语态和被动语态 一般现在时的被动语态 e gTheworkisdoneduringtwodays 一般过去式的被动语态 e gHewassenttothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident 一般将来时的被动语态 e gTheworkwillbefinishedsoon 带情态动词的被动语态 e gThiscanbedoneinafewminutes am is are not pp was were not pp willbe not pp can may must not be pp 现在完成时被动语态的主要两点用法 1 表示动作发生在说话之前 即现在的过去 但强调对现在造成的影响和结果 Thedoorhasbeenlocked 门被锁上了 结果是现在没人能进去 2 表示动作开始于过去 持续到现在 并可能将持续下去 常与for或since引导的时间状语连用 Theoldmanhasbeenlookedafterfortwentyyears 这位老人被照顾了20年 主动语态 动作执行者 have pp 动作承受者被动语态 动作承受者 have been pp 动作执行者 语态转换 主动语态 Hehasboughtanewcomputer 主语谓语宾语主动语态 Anewcomputerhasbeenboughtbyhim 1 肯定句句型 主语 have hasbeen 过去分词Anewcomputerhasbeenbought 2 否定句句型 主语 have has not been 过去分词Anewcomputerhasnotbeenbought 3 一般疑问句句型 Have Has 主语 been 过去分词 Hasanewcomputerbeenbought 4 特殊疑问句句型 疑问词 have has 主语 been 过去分词 Wherehasanewcomputerbeenbought 现在完成时被动语态句型 现在完成时的被动语态时要注意四点 1 两个助动词 即have has和been 两者缺一不可 2 并不是所有动词都有被动语态1 happen takeplace breakout belongto cost last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态 误 GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChinasince1978 正 GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978 3 副词的位置often usually always never hardly seldom等副词置于have has和been中间 误 Suchamanhasbeenhardlybelieved 正 Suchamanhashardlybeenbelieved 2 open break drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态 如 误 Thedoorhasbeenopenedbyitself 正 Thedoorhasopenedbyitself 4 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词 Thepatientshavebeentakengoodcareof Enjoythefollowingpoem 诗歌鉴赏 划出下面这首诗歌中的被动语态 并大声朗读 Lookatthewayyourfacehasbeenwashed Lookatthewayyourhairhasbeencombed Lookatthewayyourshoeshasbeencleaned You dbetterdothemagain Lookatthewaytheflowershavebeenplanted Lookatthewaythegrasshasbeencut Lookatthewaythepathshavebeenswept Ihopethatyou llcomehereagain Thebuildingsdestroyearthquake Thebuildingshavebeendestroyedintheearthquake Task1 Makingupsentencesusingpresentperfectpassivevoice machine replace computer Themachinehasbeenreplacedbythecomputer newbridgebuildinourcity Anewbridgehasbeenbuiltinourcity Thefoodalreadyeatup Thefoodhasbeeneatenup Correctthefollowingsentences 1 Apersonalcomputerhasboughtbyus 2 Whathasbeenhappenedtoyou Apersonalcomputerhasbeenboughtbyus Whathashappenedtoyou Task2 3 Ourcomputerjusthasbeenjoinedtotheinternet 4 ThechildhasbeentakengoodcarebyGrandmaWangalltheseyears Ourcomputerhasjustbeenjoinedtotheinternet ThechildhasbeentakengoodcareofbyGrandmaWangalltheseyears 5 Howlonghasthebookbeenborrowed Howlonghasthebookbeenkept Task3 链接高考1 Hissisterlefthomein1998 and since A hadnotbeenheardofB hasnotbeenheardofC hadnotheardofD hasnotheardof解析 选B 考查时态及语态 句意为 他姐姐1998年离家出走 从此杳无音信 根据句中since可知本题需用完成时 同时根据句意可知需用现在完成时的被动语态 故选B项 2 Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful They welland already A sell havebeensoldoutB sold hadsoldoutC sell selloutD aresold havebeensoldout解析 选A 第一空sell说明主语的性质 为不及物动词用法 不能用于被动语态 第二空根据副词already可知 已卖完了 且sellout 售完 与dictionaries间为被动关系 故选A项 3 Canwesitatthetablenearthewindow I msorry butit already A wastakenB tookC hastakenD hasbeentaken解析 选D it代指thetable 和take之间是被动关系 又根据already和句意可知用现在完成时 故答案选D项 4 IwanttobuythiskindofclothbecauseI thecloth well A havetold washedB havebeentold washesC havebeentold washedD wastold washed解析 选B 根据句意 因为我被告知这种布很好洗 可知第一空用完成时的被动语态 第二空表示主语具有的属性 用主动表被动 故用washes Changethefollowingsentences 1 Myfriendhasboughtanewpersonalcomputer 2 Theshophasrepairedmycomputerveryquickly Anewpersonalcomputerhasbeenboughtbymyfriend Mycomputerhasbeenrepairedbytheshopveryquickly Task4 3 Anunknownvirushasjustattackedmycomputer 4 Wehavenotsolvedtheproblemyet Mycomputerhasjustbeenattackedbyanunknownvirus Theproblemhasnotbeensolvedbyusyet 5 Thecompanyhasgivenitscomputersawaytoalocalschool give away赠送 Alocalschoolhasbeengivenitscomputersawaybythecompany 6 Thescientistshavedevelopedakindofintelligentrobot Akindofintelligentrobothavebeendevelopedby