宾语从句详细讲解及习题

宾语从句（The Object Clause）定义：在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词后，充当宾语成分的句子。宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。一. 宾语从句的引导词（连接词）。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。当宾语从句是陈述句时，连词由that引导，当that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。可跟由that引导的宾语从句的动词有say, think, sure, wish, hope, know, see, believe, agree, expect, feel, hear, prefer, request, require, report,mean等。例句：She knows (that) Tom is ill.他说他昨晚很早就睡了。 Which season is it? Whats this? What does the sign mean? that 不能省的两种情况：(1)当that作介词except ,in的宾语时。例句：They believe in that she must win.除了他是美国人，我对他一无所知。(2)用it作形式宾语时,it放在think, find, believe, feel, make等词后作为形式宾语， that引导宾语从句移到句子后部。我听说她下个月会结婚。 2.由whether,if 引导的宾语从句当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。例句：I dont know if whether he still lives here after so many years我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。 1. I want to know _.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. Ask him _. （他是否能来）3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨） 但在下列情况下只能用whether：（1）在具有选择意义，有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether. （2）在不定式前用whether：（3）在介词后面： (4)宾语从句提前时：3. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, suggest, doubt, wonder, understand, advise等。例句：Do you know whom they are waiting for?Please tell him when and where the meeting will begin.只有你能决定谁是最佳人选。你能告诉我他现在在哪儿吗？练习题：(1) - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said? David?- Yes, Mum(2) The teacher asked the new student _ class he was in.(3) I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. Hell help us with our English.把下列句子连成带宾从的复合句：1.How old is he? Do you know?2.Did you enjoy yourself at the party? He asked me.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。主句+连接词+从句（主语+谓语+其他）例句：I think that he will be back soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?当从句的原句为以下句子（Whats wrong?/Whats the matter?/Whats happening?/Whats happened?）语序不变。例句：I dont know whats the matter.练习题（1）Are you interested in _?A. how did he do it B. he did it how C. how he did it D. he how did it（2）Who can tell us _about over there? A. what they talk B. what they are talking C. what are they talking（3）Tom asked_to school late. A. who did often come B. who often did come C. who often came（4）Nobody knows _ to visit our school. A. when he will come B. when will he come C. when he does come (5) Please tell us _ to the Science Museum. A. how can we get B. how we can reach C. how we can get D. how can we reach三. 宾语从句的时态主句从句现在时任何时态过去时过去某一时态任何时态现在时（客观真理）A:主句-现在时，从句-任何时态。例句：我认为你是正确的。我知道他十年前住这儿。B：主句-过去时，从句-过去某一时态。他告诉我他正在为运动会做准备。 What did your father say? What did he say? C：从句-现在时（客观真理）。例句:The teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun.老师说一月是一年的第一个月。 练习题:1) I am sure that it _ a lovely cat. (be)2)The teacher told us that the sun _ in the east.(rise)3) Are you sure that they _ their homework at 8 oclock last night?(do)4) I think they _ there before.(be)5) Betty told me she _ that film.(see)宾语从句的否定转移1.当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。I dont think it is right for him to treat you like that.2.主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致. I dont believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?我猜你还没完成这项工程，对吗？3.当主句的主语是第二、三人称时，其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesnt she? 练习题(1)I dont think he is right,_?Aisnt he Bis he Cdo I Ddont I(2). He believes she is right, _?Adoesnt he Bdoes he Cis she Disnt she(3).I thought that he disliked playing football,_?Adidnt he Bdid he Cdid I Ddidnt I(4). I find _ important that we practice English every day.A. it B. this C. that D. what(5). You cant imagine _when they received the nice gift.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excitedHomework一选择题( ) 1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. can take B. would take C. takes D. will take( ) 2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been( ) 3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.A. had B. has . C. will have D. are( ) 4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some.A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may( ) 5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled( ) 6 Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening?A. what B when C why D how( ) 7 He asked me _told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose( ) 5 Did you know _?A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after( ) 6 Could you tell me _?A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing二用所给动词的正确形式填空1、I wont return the book to the library because I _(not finish) reading it.2、I hope he _(come) back in a week.3、She said they_(know) each other for quite some time.4、When I got to the cinema, the film _(begin)5、Mike asked me if we _(ask) any questions the next class.6、Will you come and stay with us for a while when you _(finish) doing your homework?7、Comrade Wang didnt know if there _(be) on English evening that day.7、Please tell me if she _(come) again next time.8、If it_(not rain) tomorrow, we _(visit) the Poples Museum.9、John _(write) something when I _(go) to see him.10、Our teacher told us that light_(travel) much faster than sound.三用所给的单词将下列句子连成一句1.What is her name? (I dont know) 2Where does Doctor Liu Live? (Do you know)3What did he lose at the railway station? (Would you tell me)4.Why is the cinema closed? (I wonder)5.When did the accident happen? (Please go and find out)6.What foreign language can you speak? (I want to know)7.Whose box is it on the floor? (Im not sure)8.How