语言学试卷(期中及南师大).doc

语言学期中测试 班级: 姓名： 学号:I: Multiple Choice 第一章 语言与语言学1. Linguistics can be defined as the scientific study of _. A. A particular languageB. The system of a particular language C. Human languages in general D. The English language 2.In William Shakespeares play Romeo and Juliet, Juliet said Whats in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet. This illustrates _. A. the arbitrary nature of language B. the big difference between human language and animal communication C. the creative nature of language D. the universality of language 3. Which of the following features is NOT one of the design features of language? A. Productive. B. Dual.C. SymbolicD. Arbitrary 4. Who put forward the distinction between langue and parole? A. M.A.K. HallidayB. Ferdinand de Saussure C. Noam ChomskyD. Charles Hockett5. One of the properties of language is that a language user can understand and produce sentences he/she has never heard before. This property of language is called _.A. duality B. arbitrary C. displacementD. Productivity 6. The _ function refers to the fact that language can be used for establishing a favorable atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas. A. phatic B. directive C. evocative D. performative 7. Modern linguistics is the scientific study of language. Consequently, modern linguistics emphasizes the importance of language data collected from _.A. newspapers and magazines B. writing by the famous writers C. the language people actually speak D. radio broadcasts 8. Language is passed on from one generation to the next through teaching and learning rather than by instinct. This property of language is called _.A. interchangeability B. cultural transmission C. productivity D. arbitrariness 9.If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _.A. Descriptive B. linguisticC. prescriptive D. analytic linguistic10. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Language is a system. B. Animals also have language.C. Language is symbolic. D. Language is arbitrary.11. According to Noam Chomsky, which of the following is seen as the ideal users internalized knowledge of his language?A. Competence.B. Parole.C. Performance D. Langue 12. Our linguistic ability is a _ gift of the species gene program. A. biological B. physical C. scientific D. chemical 13. The description of a language at some point in time is a _ study. A. diachronic B. prescriptive C. descriptive D. synchronic 14. One of the properties of language is that there is no logical connection between meaning and sounds. This property of language is _.A. dualityB. productivity C. displacement D. arbitrariness15. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This is what we mean by _. A. dualityB. productivity C. displacement D. arbitrariness 16. Cultural transmission is one of the _features of language. A. suprasegmental B. pragmatic C. distinctive D. design 17. As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not lay down rules for correct linguistic behavior, it is said to be _.A. descriptiveB. sociolinguistic C. prescriptive D. psycholinguistic 18. Which of the following is the exception to the feature of arbitrariness of language? A. Native English words B. Borrowed words C. Onomatopoeic words D. One-syllable words 19. Saussure took a(n) _ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a _ point of view. A. sociological, psychological B. psychological, sociological C. Applied, pragmatic D. Semantic, linguistic 20. Modern linguistics regards the written language as _.A. primaryB. correct C. secondary D. stable 第二章 语音学与音系学1. The tone, defined as variation, is an important suprasegmental feature of tone languages such as _.A. Chinese B. English C. Chinese and English D. English and French 2. According to the places of articulation, sounds in English such as /t/, /l/ and /z/ can be labeled as _ ones. A. dental B. bilabial C. velar D alveolar 3. Of the following sound combinations, only _ is permissible according to the sequentla1 rules in English. A. kiblB. bkil C ilkb D. ilbk 4. Of all the speech organs, the _ is the most flexible. A lipB. mouth C. vocal cord D. tongue 5. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are _ sounds. A. voiceless B. voiced C. vowel D. consonantal 6. _ is a voiced alveolar stop. A . /z / B. /d/ C. /k/D. /b/ 7. The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by copying a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones _.A. identical B. similar C. exactly alike D. same 8. Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can distinguish meaning, they are said to be _. A. in phonemic contrast B. in complementary distribution C. the allophones D. minimal pair9. The sound /f/ is a _.A. voiced palatal affricate B. voiced alveolar stop C. voiceless velar fricative D. voiceless labiodentals fricative l0. A _ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest position. A. back B. central C. front D. middle 11. Distinctive features can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are called _. A. suprasegmental features B. immediate constituents C. phonetic components D. semantic features 12. A(n)_is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of distinctive phonetic features. A. phone B. sound C. allophone D. phoneme 13. The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the _ of that phoneme. A. phones B. sounds C. phonemes D. allophones 14. Which of the following statements about allophone is NOT correct? A. Allophones are different forms of the same phoneme. B. Allophones of the same phoneme are in complementary distribution. C. Allophones distinguish meaningD. Allophones are language specific. 15. When pitch, stress and length variations are tied to the sentence rather than to the word, they are collectively known as _. A. intonation B. tone C. phoneme D. sentence stress 16. Which of the following is also called semivowels ? A. fricatives B. liquids C. affricates D. glides 17. In terms of place of articulation, the two consonants /f/, /v/ are _.A. denta1 B. alveolar C. palatal D. labiodental 18. In terms of manners of articulation, the sounds /p/, /b/, /t/,/d/, /k/,/g/ are _.A. bilabial B. stops C. affricates D. fricatives 19. What is your understanding of the Adams apple” ? A. Part of Adams body. B. The front part of larynx. C. The top of larynx. D. A kind of apple. 20. Which of the following is NOT a velar sound?A. /k/ B. / C. /v/ D./g/ 第三 章 形态学1. _ is a process of combining two or more words into one lexical unit.A. Derivation B. Blending C. Abbreviation D. Compounding 2. Words such as telex and workfare are created through _.A. blendingB. compoundingC. conversion D. affixation 3. According to the morphological analysis, the underlined part in the word “internationalism” should be referred to as a _.A. root B. stem C. prefix D. suffix 4. Which of the following words is made up of bound morphemes only? A. Happiness. B. Television. C. Ecology. D. Teacher. 5. Which of the following words is a derivative? A. Able. B. Pet.C. Dusty.D. Change. 6. How many morphemes are there in the word “disarmed”?A. 2. B. 3. C. 4D. 57. When -ing in gangling is removed to get a verb gangle, we call this way of creating words _.A. suffixing B. compounding C. back-formation D. acronymy8. The phoneme vision in the common word “television” is a(n) _.A. bound morpheme B. bound form C. inflectional morpheme D. free morpheme9. As is known _ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language. A. wordsB. sentences C. phonemesD. morphemes10. “-s” in the word books is _.A. a derivative affix B. a stem C. an inflectional affix D. a root 11. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _.A. lexical B. morphemic C. grammatical D. semantic 12. The compound word bookstore is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound_. A. is the sum total of the meaning of its components B. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemesC. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase D. none of the above 13. Bound morphemes are those that _. A. have to be used independently B. cannot be combined with other morphemes C. have to be combined with other morphemes D. can either be free or bound 14. As one of the affixes, a prefix is _.A. below the stem B. after the stem C. before the stem D. in the middle of the stem 15. _ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. A. syntax B. grammarC. morphology D. morpheme 16. Which one of the following is NOT a suffix for adjectives? A. -ous . B. -ness C. -al D.-able 17. _ modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of the original word. A. Prefixes B. SuffixesC. RootsD. Affixes 18. The stem of the word “disengagements” is _.A. engagement B. disengageC. engage D. disengagement19. Which of the following words is a derivational one?A. Cocktail B. Reads C. Establishment D. Kids 20. _ and _ can constitute a compound. A. A stem, an affix B. A free morpheme; a free morpheme C. A root, an affix D. A prefix, a suffix II: Define the following terms 2. parole p.43. competence p.54. performance p.55. synchronic study p.46. diachronic study p.47. IPA p.178. phonetics p.15/229. narrow transcription p.1710. phonology p.2211. phoneme p.2312. phone p.2313. allophone p.2314. assimilation rules p.2615. suprasegmental features p.2716. morpheme p.3217. morph p.3318. allomorph p.3319. free morpheme p.3320. bound morpheme p.3321. inflectional morpheme p.3522. derivational morpheme p.35 23 compounding pp.38-3924. conversion p.100 25. derivation p.37语言学期中测试 班级: 姓名： 学号:I: Multiple Choice 第一章 语言与语言学1. Linguistics can be defined as the scientific study of _. A. A particular languageB. The system of a particular language C. Human languages in general D. The English language 2.In William Shakespeares play Romeo and Juliet, Juliet said Whats in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet. This illustrates _. A. the arbitrary nature of language B. the big difference between human language and animal communication C. the creative nature of language D. the universality of language 3. Which of the following features is NOT one of the design features of language? A. Productive. B. Dual.C. SymbolicD. Arbitrary 4. Who put forward the distinction between langue and parole? A. M.A.K. HallidayB. Ferdinand de Saussure C. Noam ChomskyD. Charles Hockett5. One of the properties of language is that a language user can understand and produce sentences he/she has never heard before. This property of language is called _.A. duality B. arbitrary C. displacementD. Productivity 6. The _ function refers to the fact that language can be used for establishing a favorable atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas. A. phatic B. directive C. evocative D. performative 7. Modern linguistics is the scientific study of language. Consequently, modern linguistics emphasizes the importance of language data collected from _.A. newspapers and magazines B. writing by the famous writers C. the language people actually speak D. radio broadcasts 8. Language is passed on from one generation to the next through teaching and learning rather than by instinct. This property of language is called _.A. interchangeability B. cultural transmission C. productivity D. arbitrariness 9.If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _.A. Descriptive B. linguisticC. prescriptive D. analytic linguistic10. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Language is a system. B. Animals also have language.C. Language is symbolic. D. Language is arbitrary.11. According to Noam Chomsky, which of the following is seen as the ideal users internalized knowledge of his language?A. Competence.B. Parole.C. Performance D. Langue 12. Our linguistic ability is a _ gift of the species gene program. A. biological B. physical C. scientific D. chemical 13. The description of a language at some point in time is a _ study. A. diachronic B. prescriptive C. descriptive D. synchronic 14. One of the properties of language is that there is no logical connection between meaning and sounds. This property of language is _.A. dualityB. productivity C. displacement D. arbitrariness15. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This is what we mean by _. A. dualityB. productivity C. displacement D. arbitrariness 16. Cultural transmission is one of the _features of language. A. suprasegmental B. pragmatic C. distinctive D. design 17. As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not lay down rules for correct linguistic behavior, it is said to be _.A. descriptiveB. sociolinguistic C. prescriptive D. psycholinguistic 18. Which of the following is the exception to the feature of arbitrariness of language? A. Native English words B. Borrowed words C. Onomatopoeic words D. One-syllable words 19. Saussure took a(n) _ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a _ point of view. A. sociological, psychological B. psychological, sociological C. Applied, pragmatic D. Semantic, linguistic 20. Modern linguistics regards the written language as _.A. primaryB. correct C. secondary D. stable 第二章 语音学与音系学1. The tone, defined as variation, is an important suprasegmental feature of tone languages such as _.A. Chinese B. English C. Chinese and English D. English and French 2. According to the places of articulation, sounds in English such as /t/, /l/ and /z/ can be labeled as _ ones. A. dental B. bilabial C. velar D alveolar 3. Of the following sound combinations, only _ is permissible according to the sequentla1 rules in English. A. kiblB. bkil C ilkb D. ilbk 4. Of all the speech organs, the _ is the most flexible. A lipB. mouth C. vocal cord D. tongue 5. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are _ sounds. A. voiceless B. voiced C. vowel D. consonantal 6. _ is a voiced alveolar stop. A . /z / B. /d/ C. /k/D. /b/ 7. The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by copying a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones _.A. identical B. similar C. exactly alike D. same 8. Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can distinguish meaning, they are said to be _. A. in phonemic contrast B. in complementary distribution C. the allophones D. minimal pair9. The sound /f/ is a _.A. voiced palatal affricate B. voiced alveolar stop C. voiceless velar fricative D. voiceless labiodentals fricative l0. A _ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest position. A. back B. central C. front D. middle 11. Distinctive features can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are called _. A. suprasegmental features B. immediate constituents C. phonetic components D. semantic features 12. A(n)_is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of distinctive phonetic features. A. phone B. sound C. allophone D. phoneme 13. The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the _ of that phoneme. A. phones B. sounds C. phonemes D. allophones 14. Which of the following statements about allophone is NOT correct? A. Allophones are different forms of the same phoneme. B. Allophones of the same phoneme are in complementary distribution. C. Allophones distinguish meaningD. Allophones are language specific. 15. When pitch, stress and length variations are tied to the se