modul 1讲解【精品教案】

modul 1讲解【精品教案】 Module1Europe教学目标本模块介绍欧洲某些国家的名称，首都，语言，著名城市和文艺建筑，要求学生进一步了解欧洲概况，学会表达地理位置，最终能以口笔头形式并借助照片，通过杂志，报刊等媒介综合介绍中国某一区域。 单词across bootcontinental facerange landmarkgallery situatedsymbol locatedarchitect projectsculpture birthplacecivilization ancientopposite signagreement whereaboutsgovern headrepresentative parliamentregion geographicalfeature produce短语because ofbe known as eversince interms ofon the other handlittle bylittle重点词语across continentalface architectsituated projectlocated oppositesign geographicalwhereabouts producebecause ofbe known as eversince interms ofon theother handlittle bylittle词语要点归纳1.潜点解读France isEuropes thirdlargest countryand facesthe UnitedKingdom acrossthe EnglishChannel.法国是欧洲第三大国，它与英国隔海（英吉利海峡）相望。 across （1）from oneside to theother横越，这边到那边The streamis sixmeters across.小溪有六米宽。 There isa bridgeacrossover the river.有一座桥横跨河上。 （2）on theopposite side（of）在对面，另一边They liveacross（the road）from us.他们住在我们对面（即马路对面）。 （3）so asto cross交叉The twolines cutacross each other.这两条线交叉。 联想（同）opposite prep.&adv.对过，在的对面，对面的（联）cross vt.&vi.横过，越过crossing n.跨越，横渡，十字路口辨析across，through，over与past across表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的；through则表示动作是在某一空间进行的；over指从上方跨越而过；而past指从某物旁边经过。 如It windsits wayfrom westto east，across deserts，over mountains，through valleys，till atlast itreaches thesea.它（长城）从西向东，越过沙漠，跨过高山，穿过深谷，蜿蜒而行，最后直抵大海。 注意past是介词，不可与动词pass相混We walkedpast thehospitalWe passedby thehospital.我们从医院旁边经过。 2.潜点解读Italy isin the south ofEurope on the coastof theMediter-ranean Sea.意大利位于欧洲的南部、地中海沿岸。 位置表示法A islies on the+方位名词+of+B toin其中介词in表示A地在B地的内部的某一方向上，介词on则表示两地接壤，介词to则表示两地既不从属于某方，也不接壤，彼此分离。 如Shandong ison the north ofJiangsu.山东位于江苏北部。 （接壤）Shandong isin the east of China.山东位于中国东部。 （在范围以内）Shandong is to thenorth ofZhejiang.山东省位于浙江省北部。 （彼此分离，不接壤）Shenzhen isa quicklydeveloping city.It lies_thesouth of GuangdongProvince and_thenorthof HongKong.A.to；in B.on；to C.in；on D.to；on3.潜点解读Between Franceand Spainis anothermountain rangethe Pyrenees.在法国与西班牙之间有一山脉比利牛斯山脉。 betweenand在和中间Between thenoise outsideand lackof sleephe couldnt concentrate.由于外面的噪音加上睡眠不够，他无法集中精力。 between Franceand Spain是表地点的介词短语置于句首，应用完全倒装。 又如On thewall hangsa picture.墙上挂着一幅画。 （xx.广东）Of themaking ofgood booksthere is no end；neither_any endto theirinfluence onmans lives.A.there is B.there are C.is thereD.are there4.潜点解读Paris is the capitaland largestcity ofFrance，situated on the RiverSeine.巴黎位于塞纳河畔，是法国的首都，也是法国的最大城市。 situated adj.坐落某处的，位于某处的I sawa lighthousesituated atthe mouthof theriver.我看到了位于河口的灯塔。 （注situated即使省略意思仍相同）联想（同）located adj.坐落于某处的（派）situation n.立场，状况，位置The city_the YangtzeRiver.A.situates onB.is situatedon C.situates atD.is situatedat5.潜点解读It isone of the mostbeautiful citiesin the world andis visitedby more than eightmillion touristsevery year.它是世界上最美丽的城市之一，并且每年有800多万游客来参观。 more than超过，多于。 如China Dailyis more than anewspaper.Also itcan helpus toimprove ourEnglish.中国日报不仅仅是一份报纸，它还有助于我们提高英语水平。 The number of students in ourschool is more than7,000.我校有7000多名学生。 短语拓展less than少于fewer than少于more andmore越来越the morethe more越则越辨析not more than与no morethan not morethan指“不超过”；no morethan指“只，仅仅”。 例如The littleboy is not morethan5years old.这个小男孩不超过5岁。 （最大只有五岁）The littleboy isno morethan fiveyears old.这个小孩只有5岁。 （言年龄小）注意notmorethan可引申为not+比较级+than；如He isnot tallerthan I.他不如我高。 He isnot asso tallas I.no morethan也可引申扩展为no+比较级+than如He isno tallerthan I.He is as shortas I.他和我一样不高。 This bookisnomore interestingthan that one.=This bookisasuninteresting asthat one.这本书跟那本书一样无趣。 As faras Iam concerned，education isabout learningand the more you learn，_.A.the more for lifeare youequipped B.the moreequipped forlife you areC.themorelife you are equippedfor D.you areequipped themoreforlife6.潜点解读The cityis alsofamous for its restaurants，cafes and theatres.这个城市也有着著名的旅馆、咖啡馆和剧院。 be famous for be well-known for因为而出名France is famous forits finefood andwine.法国以精美的食物和葡萄酒而闻名。 The townisfamousforitsfine park.这个城镇以漂亮的公园出名。 短语拓展be famous asbe well-known as作为是出名的The actorismorefamousas a writer.那位演员的作家身份较为有名。 注意be morefamousforas bebetter-known foras辨析be famous（for）与bewellknown两者都表示“以而著名”，属同义词组，用法上稍有差别，前者是褒义词，往往是从好的角度来看，有赞扬、赞赏的意味，后者是中性词，没有这层含义。 She is well-known_her poemand sheis alsofamous_an actress.A.for；for B.as；for C.for；as D.by；for7.潜点解读，which wasdesigned byan architectcalled AntonioGaudi.，它是由一位名叫安东尼奥高迪的建筑师设计的。 design （1）to drawthe plansfor设计，控制Who designedthe SanteFe OperaHouse?圣菲歌剧院是谁设计的? （2）to developfor acertain purposeor use计划，谋划The weekendparty wasdesigned tobring thetwo musicianstogether.这次周末聚会的用意是使两位音乐家见面。 （3）a plan，a drawing计划，图案I dont likethe wallpaperdesign.我不喜欢这壁纸的花样。 联想designer n.设计师，设计者designs n.企图，图谋designing adj.有阴谋的，有企图的n.设计，畅想，阴谋designedly adv.故意地，有计划地（联）designate v.指示，任命，称呼designation n.指示（派），任命短语拓展be designedforto do专为而做（设置）be intendedforto do专为而做（设置）by design故意，有意地by aident偶然地（xx重庆）They seeyou assomething of a worrier,_problems whichdont existand crossingbridges longbefore youe to them.A.settling B.discovering C.seeing D.designing8.潜点解读Florence isan Italiancity whichbecame famousbecause of the Renaissance，a greatartistic movementwhich beganin the1300s andlasted forthree hundredyears.佛罗伦萨是一个意大利城市，它因文艺复兴而出名，文艺复兴是一场文艺运动，它发生在十四世纪，持续了300年。 because of，owing to，thanks to因为，由于I cant go to schoolbecause ofsickness.我因病不能上学。 The planearrived latebecause of the snowstorm.飞机因暴风雪晚点了。 联想（同）owing to多亏，由于thanks to由于due to由于，预定注意上述这类结构是复合介词，后接名词或代词，或相当于名词的词，它引导的短语通常作状语表示原因，有时也可用作表语。 辨析because of与because尽管because of与because都表示原因，“由于，因为”，但须分清的是，because of相当于一个介词短语，其后跟名词、动名词；而because为一从属连词，后跟一完整句子，构成原因状语从句。 这一点初学者必须弄清楚。 辨析because of，owing to，due to，on aountof，as a（the）result of与thanks to （1）because of意为“因为，由于”。 在句中一般用作状语，可置于句首或句末。 如Because ofillness，the boydid notgotoschoo1.因为生病，这个男孩没有去上学。 They hadto stayat homebecause of a heavyrain.因为一场大雨，他们只好呆在家里。 注意很少说His stayat homewas because of the rain.但在“He stayedat home；this wasbecause of therain.”这一句式中属正常使用。 （2）owing to意为“由于，因为”，在句中通常用作状语，可置于句首或句末。 如Owing tomy absence,they hadto putoff the class meetingtill nextweek.由于我不在，他们只好将班会推迟到下个星期。 Xiao Wangcould note to the ball,owing to a badcold.因为得了重感冒，小王没能去打（踢）球。 注意owing to引导的短语必须是修饰全句的，严格讲，置于句末时应用逗号和主句隔开；而becauseof可以只修饰主句的一部分，放于句末时不用逗号与主句隔开。 （3）due to意为“由于”，它引导的短语在句中一般用作表语或定语，但在很多场合，可与owing to通用，作状语。 这一用法在现今英美语中也很流行，但不如owing to那么严谨罢了。 如He wasinjured dueto（owing to）a caraident.他由于一起汽车事故受了伤。 （4）on aountof意为“因缘故，由于”，它引导的短语在句中通常作状语，可置于句首或句末。 如The train arrived lateon aountofaheavy snow.由于一场大雪火车来迟了。 （5）asa（the）result of意为“由于的结果”，一般用作状语。 如As aresult ofthe warthe livesof manypeople werelost.由于战争的缘故许多人丧了命。 （6）thanks to这一短语介词，含有“幸亏、多亏、亏得、依赖、依靠、由于、因为”等意思。 它引导的短语，可以表达正面意思（近于原意“感谢”），也可用于讽刺口吻中（近于讽刺口吻的“感谢”）。 它引导的短语在句中用作状语时，大多放在句首，但也可以置于句末。 如Thanks toyour help，I passed the test.幸亏有你的帮助，我测验及格了。 （正面意思）Thanks toyour rottenidea，we wentthe longway.多亏了你的馊主意，害得我们跑了不少冤枉路。 （反面意思）（xx北京）_two examsto worryabout，I haveto workreally hardthis weekend.A.With B.Besides C.As for D.Because of语法知识 一、被动语态的基本用法当谓语表示一个动作时，主语和它可以有两种不同关系主动关系或被动关系。 在表示主动关系时（即主语为动作的执行者时），谓语的形式称为主动语态（the ActiveVoice）。 在表示被动关系时（即主语为动作的承受者时），谓语要用另一种形式，称为被动语态（the PassiveVoice）。 在被动结构的句子中，动作执行者可以由介词by引起的短语表示。 被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be加过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。 1）一般现在时Youre wantedonthephone.有人给你打电话。 2）一般过去时The bookwas finishedlast week.这书是上周写完的。 二、主谓一致主谓一致是指1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。 There ismuch waterin thethermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Ten thousandtons ofcoal wereproduced lastyear. （1）并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading andwriting arevery important.注意当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。 The iron and steelindustry isvery importantto ourlife.The Leaguesecretary andmonitor_asked to make aspeech atthe meeting.A.isB.was C.are D.were答案B.注先从时态上考虑。 这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A、C。 本题易误选D，因为The Leaguesecretary andmonitor好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词，后面的职务用and相连。 这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。 （2）主谓一致中的靠近原则1）当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 There isa pen,a knifeand severalbooks onthe desk.There aretwenty boy-students andtwenty-three girl-studentsin the class.2）当eitheror与neithernor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here,there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 Either youor sheisto go.Here isa pen,a fewenvelopes andsome paperfor you. （3）谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有with,together with,like,except,but,no lessthan,as well as等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 The teachertogether withsome studentsis visitingthe factory.He aswell asI wantstogoboating. （4）谓语需用单数1）代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数。 Each ofus hasa tape-recorder.There issomething wrongwith mywatch.2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。 The ArabianNight isa bookknown tolovers ofEnglish.天方夜谭是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。 3）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。 （用复数也可，意思不变。 ）Three weekswas allowedfor makingthe necessarypreparations.Ten yuanis enough. （5）指代意义决定谓语的单复数1）在代词what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。 All isright.（一切顺利。 ）All arepresent.（所有人都到齐了。 ）2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。 如family,audience,crew,crowd,class,pany,mittee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。 His familyisnt verylarge.他家不是一个大家庭。 His familyare musiclovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。 集合名词people,police,cattle,poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。 Are thereany policearound?3）有些名词，如variety,number,population,proportion,majority等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。 A numberof+名词复数+复数动词。 The numberof+名词复数+单数动词。 A numberof bookshave lentout.The majorityofthe students likeEnglish. （6）与后接名词或代词保持一致1）用half of,part of,most of,a portionof等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词，代词保持一致。 Most ofhis moneyis spenton books.Most ofthe studentsare takingan activepart insports.2）在一些短语，如many a或morethanone所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。 但由morethanof作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。 Many aperson hasread thenovel.许多人都读过这本书。 More than60percent ofthestudentsare from the city.百分之六十多的学生都这个城市。 【模拟试题】 一、Turn thefollowing wordsinto Englishform1.穿过；横过_2.皮靴_3.大陆的；大洲的_4.面向；面对_5.山脉_6.美术馆_7.海峡_8.雅典_9.希腊_10.葡萄牙_ 二、Turn thefollowing phrasesinto Englishform1.离海岸线不远_2.在的南部_3.因而出名_4.作为而出名_5.看起来像_6.山脉_7.在沿海（海岸上）_8.沿着海岸_ 三、Fill in the blanksusing thecorrect form1.The yellowhouse f_totheroad ismy newhome.2.My friendMark canspeak English,French andS_.3.Italy lookslike ab_fromthemap.4.Mrs Andrewsgot_the taxiand rana_Oxford street.5.G_is the country wherethe28th OlympicGames.6.As amountain climber,he has been onthe topoftheworld famousr_. 四、Choose thebest answer1.Rizhao lies_the southeastof ShandongProvince whichlies_theeastof ShanxiProvince thatis_the westof HebeiProvince.A.in,on,to B.in,to,on Cto,in,on D.to,in,on2.Our school,which has8,000students,_onthebeach ofthe YellowSea.A.is situatedB.situate C.situating D.situation3.Liqun DepartmentStore is_right in the centerofthecity.A.located B.locating C.locate D.be locating4.When andwhere tobuild anew factory_yet.A.are notdecided B.has notdecided C.isnotdecided D.have notdecided5.Every boyand everygirl aswellassome teacherswho_to visitthe museum_asked to be atthe schoolgate before630in themorning.A.are,are B.is,is C.are,is D.is,are6.The numberof peopleinvited_fifty,but anumberofthem_absent fordifferent reasons.A.were;was B.was;was Cwas;were Dwere;were7.Has everyone inyour classpassedthedriving test?No,_only Tomand Iwho_passed it.A.it was;had B.there is;have C.there were;had D.it is;have8.He isthe onlyone ofthe childrenwho_of othersbehind theirbacks.A speaksB speakC isspoken D.says9.Liu Yangwho isa boyin Class16_elected monitorlast termand_A.is;was B.was,is C.has been,is D.is,has been10.Guo Jingmingwho isa22years oldcollege student_his novelCity ofFantasy.A.is knownas B.is knowingas C.is known forD.is known11.Much ofthecountry_by forests,and wood_and soldall over theworld.A.is covering,is cutB.covers,is cutC.is covered,is cutD.is covered,is cutting12.Our capital_a harborcity andit_its beautyand peoplesuch asLiuXie,Ding Zhaohong.A.is knownas,is betterknown forB.is knownfor,is betterknownasC.is knownas,iswellknownforD.is knownfor,is goodknownas13.The RedArmy overcamemany difficultiesduring theLong March,_the snowmountain_theriverand_the forest.A.over,through,across B.over,across,though C.across,through,over D.across,over,through14.The salesmanshowed herseveral bagsand shechose_one asshe didnt wantto spendtoo muchmoney onit.A.the lessexpensive B.more expensiveC.the leastexpensive D.most expensive 五、Reading（A）Every daywe goto schooland listentotheteacher,andtheteacher will ask questions.Sometimes,the classmateswillaskyour opinionsofthework ofthe class.When you are tellingothers in the classwhat you have foundout about these topics,remember that they mustbe ableto hear what youare saying.You arenot takingpart in a familyconversation orhaving achat withfriends-youareinaslightly unnaturalsituation wherea largegroup ofpeople willremain silent,waiting tohearwhatyouhaveto say.You must speak sothat theycan hearyou-loudly enoughand clearlyenough butwithout tryingto shoutor appearingto forceyourself.Remember,too,that itisthe same ifyouarecalled to an interviewwhether itis witha professorof yourschool ora governmentofficial whomight meetyou.The personyouareseeing willtry to put youat yourease butthe situationis somewhatdifferent fromthat ofa ordinaryconversation.You musttake specialcare thatyou canbe heard.1.When youspeak tothe class,you shouldspeak_.A.as slowlyas possibleB.inalow voiceC.loudly D.forcefully2.Usually,when youspeak tothe class,theclass is_.A.noisy B.quiet C.having arest D.serious3.The situationin theclassis_that inyour house.A.not verydifferent fromB.sometimes the same asC.sometimes not thesame as D.notthesameas4.If youare havinga conversationwith anofficial,the mostimportant thingfor youis_.A.to showyour abilityB.to bevery gentleC.to makesure thatyou canbe heardD.toputthe officialat ease5.The mainidea ofthis passageis_.A.that weshould talkin differentways in different situationsB.that wemustspeakloudly C.that wemust keepsilent atany timeD.that wemust talkwith theclass（B）Today itseems perfectlynatural forus toshake handswhen wegreet someoneor saygoodbye.But likeso manythings thatwe dowithout thinkingsuch actionsat one time probablyrepresented something.For example,in primitive（原始的）life the hand wasused tofight enemies,kill animals,and makespears andtools.So whenthe hand was extendedto someone,it showedthat theperson wasnot armedor readyfor fight.We knowthat thehandwasan importantsymbol inearly religion,probably asa mark of power.The Greeksprayed totheir godswith raisedhands.Presenting thehands palmto palmwas atone timethe wayan inferior（身份低的）person paidrespect toa superior（身份高的）one.Among theArabs,it wascustomary atoimeto kissthehandofasuperior.Later on,polite Arabsbegan toresist theefforts ofpeople tokiss theirhands,and sometimesthey wouldend upshaking handsas eachtried toprevent theother fromshowing thismarkof“inferiority（下级）”.The earlyGreeks heldout theright handwhen theywished to show friendshiptoastranger.So wecan seethatthehand,and whatwas donewith it,was fullof meaningto peopledown throughthe ages.And whilewe shakehands withoutthinking,we arereally carryingonacustom thathasbeenhanded downto usfrom ancienttimes.6.The secondparagraph tellsus_.A.the handshakedidnt meangreeting B.what handswere usedto doin primitivelife C.the handshakeshowed mens kindnessD.the handshakeshowed nothing7.Human beingsfirst madetheir livingby_.A.hunting B.fishing C.hand D.farming8.Among theArabs,atoime,_.A.people kissedeachotherwhenever theymet B.men kissedthe womenwhenever theymet C.less importantperson kissedmore importantpersons handD.more importantperson kissedless importantpersons hand9.Generally speaking,indifferentcountries_.A.people shakehands inthesameway B.handshake hasdifferent meaningsC.strangers neverhave handshakeD.people onlyuse handshaketoshowfriendship10.The phrase“hand down”inthelast sentencemeans_.A.put downB.leave downC.give downD.pass down（C）For manyyears Henry had beena journalist.He hadworked onmany internationalnewspapers andmagazines andtraveled allovertheworld.Henry hadwitnessed warsand naturaldisasters such as floods,earthquakes anderupting volcanoes（火山爆发）.He hadreported onserious aidentssuchasmajor firesand airlinecrashes.He hadseen everykind ofterrible crimeand strangeevent there was.He hadmet andwritten aboutsome ofthe mostunusual peopleintheworld.In fact,there wasnt muchthat Henryhad notseen ordone.Now he was retiredfrom journalism（新闻业）.He owneda veryexpensive restaurantand spenthis daystalking tohis wealthyand importantcustomers.He likedto saythat nothingsurprised him.One dayhewassitting atthe barin hisrestaurant when a biggorilla walkedin andasked fora table.Henry showedno surprise.He tookthe gorillatoatable an