book 1 unit4 教案

book 1 unit4 教案 Book1Unit FourText AI New Words1wrinkled havingor showingsmall foldsor linesin theskin有皱纹的Wrinkled ischiefly used of a person ora persons skin,but itmay alsoapply tocertain objectsthat haveraised foldsor lineson them.Examples:a veryold womanwith awrinkled facewrinkled socksShe lookedover hershoulders to make sureher dresswasnt wrinkledat theback.2sickly oftenill常病的A sicklyperson isweak,unhealthy,and oftenill over a longperiod oftime,while asick personis onewho hasbee illfor themoment.3possess own,have拥有，具有Possess meansownorhave,but possessis preferredtoownorhavein lawas implyingones havingfull rightto something;thus,a husbandand wifemight say that theyowna housewhen legallyonly thehusband possessesit.Besides,a personpossesses,notowns,a characteristic,a quality,a power,etc.Examples:He neverpossessed muchmoney,but healways possessedgood health.She possesses the qualitiesof awise leader.4generation asingle stageor stepin familydescent代，一代Apart frombeing usedof people,generation applies also to a stageof development in thedesign andmanufacture ofmachines orequipment.Examples:This photo shows threegenerations:my parents,my grandparents and myself.When anew generationof puterses out,the priceof olderones dropsdramatically.5forbear(usu.pl.)祖先6bundle(of)a numberof articlestied,fastened orheld together,usu.across themiddle捆，束，包Examples:a bundleof sticks(that aretied together)a bundleof clothes(that arewrapped upin acloth orsheet)He hada bundleof newspapersunder his arm.The bookswere tiedin bundlesof twenty.7laundry1.clothes,sheets,etc.,that needto bewashed orhave justbeen washed付洗衣物；已洗好的衣物Examples:Theres notmuch laundrythis week.Do youdo laundrytoday?2.a placeor businesswhere clothes,etc.,are washedand ironed洗衣房，洗衣店Examples:Theresaself-service laundryon thestreet corner.He worksat thehospital laundry.8aumulate graduallyincrease innumbers or amount untilthere is a largequantity in one place积累，积聚When youaumulate thingsor when they aumulate,you collector gatherthem,or theyincrease innumber oramount,overaperiod oftime.Examples:He has aumulated a large collectionof booksover thelast thirtyyears.Snow soon aumulated on the road,and thetraffic wasslowing down.9launder washand ironclothes,sheets,etc.洗烫衣物Examples:Send theseshirts to be laundered.Washing machineshave madelaundering mucheasier.10endure suffer,undergo（pain,hardship,etc.）忍受(痛苦、困难等)，耐住Endure usuallyrefers tolong-continued sufferingsand suggests strength andfirmness ofmind.Examples:Its hardto endurea toothache.I cannotendure tosee childrensuffer.11bless(with)使具有，使有权得到If someoneis blessed with aparticular qualityor skill,they havethis qualityor skillwhich is admired orwhich is an advantageto them.Examples:I have always been blessed with a goodappetite.He isblessedwith a goodear forlanguages;he speaksthree fluently.12bear take(responsibility,etc.)on oneself承担(责任等)Examples:The Presidenthas to bear theblame.Do thebrides parentshave tobear thecost of the wedding?13wedding amarriage ceremony,esp.withaparty ormeal after a churchservice婚礼14bride新娘Other relatedwords:bridegroom新郎/bridesmaid女傧相/best man男傧相15stubbornness stubborn(the nounform ofstubborn)倔强；顽强1.顽固的，倔强的2.顽强的，坚持的When usedof people and theiractions or behavior,stubborn oftenshows disapproval.Someone whois stubbornis determinedto dowhat theywant andvery unwillingto changetheir mind.Examples:Hes toostubborn to apologize.Shes asstubborn as a mule-never willshe promise.The reformpolicy metsome stubbornresistance.Stubborn stains(污迹)can beremoved usinga smallamount ofthis soappowder.16stagger havetrouble standingor walking;move unsteadilyon ones feet,esp.because oneis injured,tired ordrunk摇晃；蹒跚an unsteadymovement of a personhaving troublewalking orstanding摇晃；蹒跚Examples:He staggeredto thedoor,bleeding fromhis wounds.He pickedup theheavy suitcaseand startedoff witha stagger.17catastrophe asudden,unexpected,and terribleevent that causes greatsuffering,misfortune,or ruin灾难，灾祸，大祸Catastrophe isoften usedof anevent ora situationthat bringswith ita violentsocial orpolitical upheaval(动荡);it emphasizes the idea of anend.Examples:The floodlast summerwas acatastrophe.In theGreek mythology,Cassandra was a princessof Troywho couldpredict catastrophes.The captains follyhastened thecatastrophe.18collapse(健康等)垮掉；倒坍Collapse literallymeans suddenlyfall downor fallinwards.When a person collapses,he suddenlyfalls downbecause hefeels tired,weak orill,or becausehe beesunconscious.Examples:The roofcollapsed underthe weightof snow.He collapsedin thestreet anddied onthe wayto hospital.19premonition预感A premonitionisafeeling that something isabout to happen,often somethingunpleasant,even thoughone doesnot have a rationalreason forbelieving it.Examples:My premonitionwas right.As weapproached thehouse,I hada premonitionthat somethingterrible hadhappened.20mourn(for,over)feel and/or showgrief,esp.for thedeath ofsomeone;be sorrowful(对某人的亡故)感到悲痛；表示哀悼If youmourn someone,mourn for(or over)someone,or mournsomeones death,you arevery sadbecause theyhave diedand youshow howsad you are in the waythat youbehave.Examples:She mourned(for orover)her childfor manyyears.The timeto mournmy fathers deathis near.Mourn isalso usedof somethingthat youlike butyou nolonger haveor youcan nolonger hopeto have.Examples:I mournedfor theloss ofmy preciousyouth.We allmourned thedestruction of the well-loved building.21faithfully(the adverbform offaithful)1.with faith忠实地2.exactly如实地；确切地22faithful1.loyal andtrue(to someone,toacause,etc.)忠实的，忠诚的2.true to the factsor toan original如实的Examples:He isfaithful inword anddeed.I ama faithfullistener to your program.a faithfulreport afaithful translation23puff asudden shortrush of air,smoke,etc.一阵，一股(空气、烟雾等)Examples:a puffof breezea puffof smoke24totter walkwith weakunsteady steps蹒跚，踉跄Totter usuallysuggests greatphysical weaknessas that associates withinfancy,extremely oldage,or disease.Examples:The childtottered acrossthe room.The old lady tottereddown thestairs.25linen亚麻(布)的亚麻布(或线)；亚麻织品（床单、被单、桌布等）Linen isoften used to refer to tablecloths,napkins,sheets,pillowcases andsimilar thingsmade ofcloth thatare usedin thehouse.Examples:a whitelinen towel/bed linen/table linenDont washyour dirtylinen inpublic.(Proverb,meaningDont discussor argueabout unpleasantpersonal orprivate thingsin frontof otherpeople.)26utter makea(sound);say发出(声音);说，讲Utter stressesthe use of thevoice and the actof puttinginto spokenwords withno emphasison whysomething issaid or what issaid.Examples:The firstsound achild uttersis usually“ma”.He utteredher namein hisdream.27unload1.have(a load)removed卸(货)2.remove a load from(something)从.卸下货物,卸货Examples:Have youunloaded theparcel from the car?The planeunloaded thepassengers at the terminal.Their businessis toload andunload aircraft.Lets unloadthe mule.The shipwill unloadtomorrow.28mumble speak(words)unclearly in a quietvoice,without openingthe mouthwide enough含糊地说，咕哝Examples:He mumbleda fewwords andwent off.Dont mumble;I cant understandwhat youre saying.29sunken sunk下陷的；凹陷的A persons faceor bodythat issunken seemsto curveinwards,especially because of illnessor oldage.Examples:His cheeksare sunken.sunken eyes30recover(from)return to the usualstate ofhealth,strength,ability,etc.痊愈，复原；恢复Examples:Shes graduallyrecovering fromher illness.He had not yetrecovered fromthe shock.31somewhat bysome degreeoramount;a little稍微，有点Examples:I wassomewhat annoyedby his words.My feelingstowards myhometown havechanged somewhat.32inform(of,about)tell,give information to告诉，通知Examples:If yousaw theaident pleaseinform thepolice.I wasinformed aboutthis meetingonly anhour ago.I informedher thatI wasunwell andcould note to her party.33contribute joinwith othersin giving(money,help,etc.)捐(款)，贡献，提供（帮助）Examples:We contributedclothing for the floodvictims.Everyone iscalled onto contributeideas.The newpolicy greatlycontributed tothe economicdevelopmentin this region.34resume begin(something,or doingsomething)again aftera pause(中断后)重新开始，继续Examples:We resumedour discussionsafterashort rest.Please dont resumereading thetext untilI tellyou to.35mutter轻声含糊地说Compare mutterand murmur:To muttermeans you say somethingquietly especaillywhen you are annoyedabout something.When youmurmur somethingyousayit veryquietly,so thatnot manypeople canhear whatyou aresaying.Examples:The customermuttered hisdissatisfaction.She muttereda fewwords to me.I loveyou,he murmuredas theirlips met.36load一包(洗的衣服)；负荷，负载装(货或人)；把货物(或人)装上(车、船、飞机等)Load is used eitheras anoun ora verb.Examples:Your wordstook a load offmy mind.As theeldest sonof thefamily,he isready tobear aheavy load of responsibility.These trucksare loadedwith coal.Have youloaded thecamera(with film)?If yourefertoaloadof something,you arereferring toalargeamount of it andemphasizing that it islarge.Examples:Weve talkedabout aloadofthings.He has aloadof friends.37property财产；所有物Examples:His propertywill bedivided equallyamong hischildren.This machineisagovernment property.Note thatproperty isoften used to refertoahouse andits garden,or toa pieceof landowned by aperson or aninstitution,and thebuilding orbuildings thatare onit.Examples:Hes gothis ownproperty.(=his ownhouse)There was a damat oneedge of the property.(=the pieceof land)38fulfil door perform(a duty,task,etc.)履行，完成Fulfil impliesa fullrealization ofwhat isuntil nowa concept,a plan,etc.orwhatexists potentially.Examples:The lawhas fulfilledits intendedend.A nursehas manyduties to fulfil incaring for the sick.They failedtofulfiltheir promiseto revivethe economy.39undertake aeptresponsibility for(a pieceof work)and startto do it承担Examples:I wantyou toundertake all the arrangements.We couldundertake thework forthe timebeing.II Phrases1lean on(or against)rest in a slopingposition onfor support靠在上，倚在上Examples The old manstopped andleaned on his stickfor amoment torecover.We haveto leanheavily onour parentsfor financialsupport.2count outcount oneby one逐一数出Examples The oldladycounted outthirty penceand gaveit tothe shopassistant.3be blessedwith befortunate inhaving有幸得到，具有(Refer tobless in NewWords)4take place举行，进行Examples Whendoes theceremony takeplace?We have never discoveredwhat tookplace betweenthem thatnight.5a good/great deal of quitea lotof大量Note that the phraseis onlyusedofuncountable orabstract nouns.Examples Thegovernment hasspent a great deal of moneyon housing.We spenta gooddeal oftime practicing.There isa greatdealofconcern overthis issue.6speak ofsuggest theideaof;show clearlythatsomethinghappened orthatitexists显示；证明When usedinthismetaphysical sense,speak oftakes things,rather thanpeople,as itssubject andhas nothingto dowith theuseofwords.Examples Thewoman nevermentioned thetragic deathof herchild,but hereyes spoke of suffering.Everything inthe roomspeaks of the gracefultaste ofits owner.7atthe most notmore than(the statedamount)至多，不超过Examples Hehad beengone fifteenminutes atthemost.There wasonly roomfor onemore personat mostintheboat.8hear ofreceive newsabout(someone orsomething)获知.的消息，听到.的消息Examples Ihad neverheard ofSinger untilhe wonthe Nobelprize in1991.I gavethe taxi-driver thename of the hotel,but hesaid he had neverheard ofit.9stand/be on ones feet站了起来；(病后)恢复健康Examples I have beenon myfeet allday.She stoodon herfeet anddemanded thateveryone listentoher.10with the help of在.的帮助下Examples Withthe helpoftheclassmates,he soonmanaged tocatch upafter hisrecovery.We gotthe tinopen with thehelpof aknife.11god forbidmay itnot happen但愿上帝不让这样的事情发生If yousayGod forbid!orHeaven forbid!thataparticular thingshould happenorbedone,you meanthat youthink itwould bea verybad thingand youhope thatit willnot happen.Examples God forbid thatanything shouldhappen tothat poorman.I hopewe dont have any troublewiththecarGodforbid!III Sentences1She wasa real find.-We werelucky tohave foundsuch anexceptionally goodwashwoman.find-n.apersonor placethat isvery suitablefor aparticular purposeand thathas beendiscovered bychance;something valuable,interesting oruseful whichhas beendiscovered aftera searchor aninvestigation Examples:Theyve gotthis newsinger,and shesarealfind.This actorwas thetheatrical findoftheyear.This rareedition ofDreams inthe RedMansions wasa greatfind Imade in a second-hand bookstore.2And thedrying!=And just think ofallthedrying she had to do!(which wasnot easyfor hereither)3Only God knows whatthe oldwoman hadto endure.-The oldwoman hadto endurea greatdealofhardships.If yousayGod knows,God onlyknows,oronly God knowsyou areemphasizing that you dont knowsomething orthat youfind afact orevent verysurprising.Examples:God knowswhere theyhave gone!The rainwill stopGodknowswhen.Godknowswhat mixturehehaddrunk thenight before.4a certainpride andlove oflabor withwhich manymembers ofthe laborforce havebeenblessed-(she was)proud andloved to work hardas manypeople ofthe workingclass do.5Nor didhe evergive hermoney.=And henever gaveher anymoney either.Nor isa negativeword oftenused aftera negative statement tointroduce anothernegativestatement.When itours atthe beginningofasentence,the predicate(谓语)ofthe sentence should be arrangedinapartially inverted(部分倒装)order.Examples:I couldnt understanda wordthey said,nor couldthey understandme.He cant see,nor couldhe hearuntil amonth ago.6The oldwoman toldthis withoutbitterness.-Theoldwoman talkedabout thatcalmly withoutshowing anyhatred ordisappointment.7These handsspokeofthe stubbornnessof mankind,ofthe will towork not only as onesstrength permits butbeyond thelimits ofones power.-The(trembling)hands ofthe washwomansuggested thedetermination andwill inhuman naturetoworknotonlyasoneis physicallyable tobut evenmore thanwhat ones physicalstrengthpermits.8Under the bundle totteredthe oldwoman,her faceas whiteasalinen sheet.=Theoldwoman walkedunsteadily whileholding upthebundle,and herface wasas whiteasalinen sheet.The firstpart ofthis sentenceis inthe invertedorder(倒装)forthepurpose ofa closerconnection tothe previoussentence,while thesecond partis anabsolute clausethat describesan aompanyingcircumstance(伴随状况),which couldeasily bereplaced by a clauseintroduced byand.Absolute clausescan alsobe usedto describea causal(原因的),temporal(时间的)connection.Examples:All oursavings gone,we startedlooking forjobs.The wholemeeting inan uproar(吵闹),the chairmangave upthe attemptto takea vote.9But Godhad notyet wantedto takethis poorsoul toHimself.-But thistime thepoor womandid notdie.Christians believethat whenpeople dietheir soulsgo toHeaven andjoin God.The pronoun(代词)Himself inthesentencewhen referringto Godis alwayscapitalized(大写)toshowreverence(尊敬).10I couldnot resteasy.=I couldnot relaxand befortable.The wordrest hereisusedasalink verb.The adjectivesthat oftenappear after the linkverb restinclude easyand assured.Examples:Never shallwe resteasy withthe honorswe havewon.You canrest assuredthat nothinglike thiswill happenagain.11What goodwould such a long life be?=Whatstheuseofsuch along life?/Whatsthepurpose ofsuch alonglife?good-n.benefit;profit;advantage Examples:What goodwill it do tofuss over(对大惊小怪)suchasmall thing?Im givingyou thisadvice foryour owngood.12crossed oneself-made ahand movementdown andacross ones upperbody asa religiousact13be driven byastrong will-be motivatedbyastrong willor personaldesire drive-vt.push withforce,motivate Examples:The playOthello isabout howa mandrivenbysuspicion andjealousy killshis innocentwife.He wasdriven tosteal byextreme hunger.IV Grammar1asusedto meanalthoughto emphasizea contrastIn aformal style,as canbe used,withaspecial wordorder,tomeanalthough,and theconstruction suggestsa veryemphatic(显著的)contrast.Examples:Black andblind andpoor asStevie was,hehada happychildhood.Tall ashe was,he was by nomeans a good basketballplayer.2thecould havedonepattern Thepatterncould havedone somethingis usuallyusedtoexpress regret,dissatisfaction,or reproach(责备)onthepart ofthe speakerfor somethingthatthesubject ofthe patternhadnotbeen ableto orhad neglectedtodo.Examples:We couldhave paidmore attention tothepollution fromcars earlier.You couldhave finishedthis assignmentduring theweekend.Text BI Phrases1onones mindtroubling ones thoughts压在心头；有心事When you have somethingon your mind,you feelworried aboutit,but whenyou havesomething in mind(not inyourmind),youareconsidering itas suitablefor somepurpose.Examples:My assistantresigned,so Ive gota loton mymind rightnow.With thatonhismind,he isunable tosleep well.Who doyou haveinmindforthejob?2be good for(ofapersonorhis credit)such thathewillbe ableto repay(a sumlent)(指人或其信贷)有偿还(借款)能力的Examples:He(or Hiscredit)is goodfor$5000.3on credit用赊欠的方法；凭信用4open adoor tomake possible;create anopportunity for导致；为创造机会Examples:This agreementopens thedoor toadvances intechnology.Smiles canopen thedoor toa friendship.5keep ones wordkeep ones promise遵守诺言Examples:He isa manwho neverkeeps his word.I promisedher.I mustkeep myword.The oppositeof keeponeswordis breakonesword(违背诺言).6do wrongmit sin;do evil犯罪；干坏事Wrong inthe expressionisanoun.A wrongis animmoral orunjust actionor situation,especially ohatcausespain orworry topeople.Examples:You didntdowrong byrefusing him.He rememberedthe wrongdone tohim.7havea stake in与.有利害关系利害关系；赌注A stakeis theamount ofmoney whicha gamblerbets ona horseinarace,onathrow ofa dice(骰子),etc.In extendeduse,if you haveastake insomething suchasabusiness,property,or idea,youhavea shareor aninterest init,usually ofa financialkind.Examples:We mustgive young peopleastake inthe countrys future.He hasa deepstake inthis business.Ihaveno stakein howthe triales out.He losthis stakeswhenthehorse finishedlast.8out ofhabit出于习惯Examples:He smokesout ofhabit,not forpleasure.I onlydoitout ofhabit.9think ofas regard.as把.看作Examples:I didnt expectthat myinnocent remarkwould bethought ofas anintentional insult.He thoughtof himselfasahero.10the reverse side ofthe cointhe oppositeargument,point ofview,situation,etc.(论点、看法、事物等的另一方面)The reverseside ofa coinis theback side ofit.If yousaythatsomething is the reverseside ofa coin,