Module5Unit3复习.doc

Science versus natureWelcome to the Unit & Reading1. versus (在比赛、诉讼等方面)对,可略写为: vs. 或v. 。 There is a football match this afternoon , Class3 vs. Class 4. Table tennis match, China vs. Germany, 3:oo p.m.2. on (the)one hand (on the other hand)一方面, 另一方面I wont make the trip. On the one hand, Im busy with the work at hand, on the other hand, I have not enough money.3. point out 指出 （to sb.）sth./that clause.Please point out the mistakes in the article if any.He pointed out that the road was not safe in winter.The policeman points out that it is against the law to hunt pandas.拓展: point at / to 指向 to the point 中肯 off the point不着边际 Theres no point/sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有意义的。4. mankind un. 人类总称，不带冠词 for the good of mankind 为了人类的幸福5. interfere vi. 干涉、干预 in/with sb./sth.；干扰、妨碍 with sb./sth.Dont interfere with/in other persons affairs.My father always interferes with/in me/my affairs.The traffic noise interferes with my erference n.6. in general=generally speaking 一般来说，总体而言7. praise vt 表扬、赞美praise sb. for sth. The teacher praised him for his bravery.praise sb. highly 高度赞扬He saved a boy from drowning and everyone praised him highly.n. 表扬、赞美 in praise of. 赞扬/称赞.; sing ones praises=sing the praises of sb.赞扬/称赞.8. breakthrough cn. 突破 make /achieve a breakthrough拓展: break through 突破、取得重大的成果9. intention un. 意图、意想 without intention 无意地 by intention 故意地with the intention of doing sth. 做某事的意图She went to Paris with the intention of learning Fend vt. intend to do sth. intend sb./sth. to do /to be/asWe intended the exam to test the students memory. intend sth. for=sth. be intended for. intentional adj. intentionally adv.10. anxiety c/u忧虑、焦虑、不安 His sick son is an anxiety to her. anxious adj. be anxious about/for sth. ( ones safety)焦虑 be anxious for sth. ( peace) 渴望得到 be anxious to do sth. be anxious for sb. to do sth. be anxious thatshould(that you should come .)anxiously adv.11. desperate adj.不顾一切的、拚命的； a desperate criminal 渴望的、极需要的、绝望的 be desperate for sth（money）./to do sth. (escape）desperation n. 不顾一切,绝望 desperately adv. 绝望地=in desperation12. adopt vt.采纳（建议、意见）；采取（方法、措施）；（法律上的）收养This chapter is adopted from an article of Bacons.The school has adopted a new teaching method.The old couple adopted him as their own son.( sb. as sb.)Tom is my adopted son and he is a nice boy.13.deliver v. 传递、传送；生产、(给)接生；发表 letters/ a baby/ a lady of a child/ a speech14.consequence c.结果、后果 as a = in =consequently (adv.)=as a result因此、结果; as a of =in of=as a result of由于、因为15. end up vi./vt. 最后、结束 The story ended up. He ended up the speech. end up (as) 最后成为 chairman of the company end up in 最后落得(的下场)、结果； prison /hospital/failure) 最后（到达某处） China end up (sth.) with sth. 以结束end up ( the class) with a song end up doing 以结束 crying end n. sth. come to an end sb. put an end to sth.=sb. bring sth. to an end make ends meet 使收支相抵16. sale u.出售，销售 for sale 供出售 on sale 出售；打折销售 sales n. 销售量/额 Sales are up/down this month. 17. use up 用光 up 为副词表示“完、光、尽” 又如：eat up ,drink up, dry up, burn up18. comment vi./n.评论、点评 on /upon=make s on/upon19. advance c./u. 进步、前进 make a great / make great s 取得巨大进步 in 提前、预先 Its cheaper if you book the tickets in advance.in of ahead of 在前面(时间或空间)advanced adj. 高级的、先进的 industrial nations20. While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with research so as to deliver a cloned human baby. 此while 意为“虽然、尽管”(多放在句首)eg: While I understand what you said, I cant agree with you.While they are my neighbors, I dont know them well. 21. On the other hand ,many people, including some scientists, disagree and fear that if mankind interferes with nature in this way, they may be on their way to producing a real-life Frankensteins monster.22. However, some people consider that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them to shows no respect for human life.23. If I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby tomorrow. Word power & task1. strict adj. 严格的、严厉的 be with sb. in sth. You ought to be strict with him in studies. strictly adv.2. profession. c.职业 by 职业上 He is a doctor by . 他的职业是医生。 professional adj.职业的、专业的/n. 专干某一行业的人、专家、行家3. figure 考虑、认为、计算 (consider/think)Figure the situation for yourself. How would you do?She figured that different people like different things.figure out 算出、理解、明白（work out）Please help me to figure out my income tax.You should first figure out how to do it.4. behave vi. 举止、行为表现 well/badly; be well behaved ;a well-behaved child vt.使守规矩 Behave oneself! 规矩点! behaviour/behavior un. 5. cautious adj. 谨慎的、小心的 be of / about /with (doing ) sth. (lending) money6. involve vt. （使）卷入、连累、牵涉 1) sb. in sth. ; be/get involved in sth. 使卷入、牵涉;使聚精会神干.Dont involve me in your quarrel.He was/got involved in debt/robbery/the trouble/the quarrel.He was involved in reading the book all evening .2) sb. with sb. ; be/get/become involved with sb.和混在一起,和有密切联系Dont involve yourself with those people.He became involved with criminals/drug-takers. 7. cost vt. 花费(金钱) sth. cost sb. money; 使付出(代价)/失去 sth. cost sb. sth. The pen cost him 5 yuan. Smoking cost him his health.Careless driving cost him his life/leg.n.成本、代价reduce the cost降低成本 at the cost of以的代价 at all costs/any cost 不惜任何代价8. on ones part 1)对某人而言（状语）They are going to insist, but on my part there will be no insistence. 2)某人的、某人方面的I apologize to you for any mistake on my part.Now thats an error on your part. 9. conduct vt.1）组织、实施、进行、做 a meeting /a survey/ones business/ the experience2）引导、带领The guide conducted us safely to/out of the airport.3) 导电 electricity4）表现好 oneself5) 指挥乐队un.1)行为、品行、表现His recent conduct is disappointing.2)进行、领导（一项活动）His conduct of the business was very successful.10. majority n. 多数人，大部分人（多和the连用）The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.The majority were on Bens side.in the majority 占多数People who can read and write are not in the majority in some countries.11. advocate vt. 提倡、倡导、主张 (doing) sth. (using) the air force12. conclude vt.总结、下结论；vi./vt.结束 What do you conclude from the fact?The judge concluded that the prisoner was guilty. He concluded his speech.The meeting concluded after three hours.conclusion n. 结论；结束 draw /reach/come to a 得出结论 in 最后（用在结束语中）In , I d like to say how much I have enjoyed staying here.13. urge vt.力劝、纵容、催促、主张1)urge sb. to do sth. They urged me to eat the strange food.2)urge sth. on /upon sb.=urge on/upon sb. sth.向某人强调She urged on me the necessity of patience.I should urge on you the importance of hard work.3)urge that clause 主张 She urged that I (should) apologize to him.n. (想做某事的)强烈冲动 an/the urge to do sth.He suddenly felt an urge to go home.Father has an urge to visit Beijing.14. seek ( -sought-sought) 1) vt./vi.征求、寻求；探索、探询 seek (for/after) sth.Your should seek advice from your lawyer on this matter.He sought opportunities of doing it.He determined to seek for /after a room.I am seeking for information.2)vt.设法、试图 to do sth.He sought to speak to her. / They sought to kill him.15. practice cn. 行为、做法、习惯; un. 练习 It is my practice always to get up early.It is a dangerous practice to get off the bus before it stops.practice/ practise vt. doing sth.practical adj. 实际的、现实、讲究实际的 advice16. resistant adj. 抵抗的、有抵抗力的 be to 对 有抵抗的 The rat is resistant to poison.resist vt. 抵抗 ; (用于否定句)禁不住要 doing sth. I couldnt resist laughing. resistance n.17. Useful phrases to start a letter: With reference toThank you for yourIn reply toFurther to yourI am writing in response to/to inform you Useful phrases to end a letter:I would be grateful if you could I Hope you wouldI look forward to hearing from you soon. If you require any further informationProject1. construct vt.建造、构建；编写（文章）、造（句）、建立（理论）construct a bridge over the river/a theory/a well-constructed novelconstruction n. sth. be under construction 在建设中constructive adj. a constructive suggestion2. in favor of 1) 赞同,支持The headmaster spoke in favor of the proposal.Im not in favor of buying so expensive an article. 2) 对有利=in ones favorThe judge passed judgment in favor of the poor.拓展:do sb. a favor /do a favor for sb. /do sb. the favor to do sth.3. point of view 观点from/in ones point of view=in ones opinion/view在某人看来4. argue vi./vt.争论、争辩 argue with sb. over /about sth.argue sb. into doing sth. /out of doing sth.argue for/against n. argument5. spell vt. 意味着、招致；拼单词Those dark clouds spell rain.Does laziness always spell failure?spell out 拼出、阐述、详细说明 We had to spell the main points out to them.6. rate n. 速度；比率 at a fast/slow rate at the rate of 40 miles an hourat any rate=in any case 不管怎样 at this rate =in this case 如果这样的话7. turn out 结果是、结果证明(=prove) + (to be) adj./n. 或+that clause The party turned out (to be) successful/a success . Most of the time it turns out that humans are not really profiting when they damage the environment 8. After decades of destroying nature and using up Earths natural resources, many developed nations are now concerned about saving nature rather than developing or destroying it.9. The developing and developed countries of the world need to work together to ensure that people enjoy healthy and productive lives, without the environment around them suffering.10. It should not be a question of humans winning and nature losing.11. It is mankinds responsibility to find solutions that are acceptable for everyone, and everything.Useful expressions1. the natural world自然世界2. beyond /out of ones imagination难以想象3. advanced technology先进的技术4. new-born cloned calves新出生的克隆小牛5. on one hand.on the other hand一方面，另一方面6. interfere with nature干预自然7. on ones way to doing sth.正在做某事的过程中8. point out 指出9. in general一般说来10. scientific breakthroughs科学突破11. with the intention of为了，以.为目的或意图12. .consider doing sth.考虑做某事13 adopt a child领养一个孩子14. an adopted child一个领养的孩子15. show respect for/to human life对人类生命的尊重16. be related to与.有关17. push ahead with推进，推行18. deliver a speech发表演讲19. make an announcement发一个通知20. have a success / be successful / succeed in doing成功做某事21. benefit sb./ be beneficial to sb./ be of benefit to sb.对.有益22. benefit mankind造福人类23. focus their efforts on cloning animals精力集中在克隆动物上24. be the first to clone a human being成为克隆人类的第一人25. cure diseases like cancer治疗癌症等疾病26. end up replacing us最终取代我们27. for sale供 / 待售28. use up / run out of Earths resources用尽了地球资源29. in complete agreement with完全赞同30. on a personal note就个人而言31. in consequence of/as a consequence of由于，因.的结果32. put.in place准备就绪，布置妥当33. a challenging profession具有挑战性的职业34. figure out想出，理解，明白，计算出35. the other day几天前36. behave oneself守规矩37. be strict in sth./with sb.对某事/某人严格要求38. urge sb. to do sth.敦促某人做某事39. follow in sbs footsteps追寻某人的足迹40. the majority of大多数41. make.resistant使.有抵抗力42. natural resources自然资源43. in favor of赞同，支持，对.有利44. on ones part对.而言45. spell disasters招致灾难46. at a fast rate快速47. enjoy healthy and productive lives享受健康富裕的生活48. advocate doing倡导做.49. conduct a survey做调查50. immoral practice不道德的做法51. .meet / satisfy ones needs满足某人的要求52. the very genes正是这些基因53. overdevelop Earths resources过度开发地球资源54 developed nations.发达国家55. make choices做选择56. medical research医学研究57. concentrate on注意力集中在58. with great concern极其关切的59. go against违背60. have no right to do没有权力做.61. be disappointed with对.感到失望62. be assisted by被.帮助63. be inspired by被.所鼓舞,激励64. take down拿下, 咽下, 记下65. complain about对.抱怨66. industrial waste工业废料67. from the point of view of some people依一些人看来68. be concerned about对.关心,在意69. be blamed for因.而被责备70. turn out结果是71. be acceptable for因.而能被接受72. get desperate变绝望73. under consideration在考虑中74. come into view出现在眼前75. be praised for因.而被表扬76. be desperate to do/for sth.非常需要,极想,渴望做某事77. as a whole作为一个整体78. in response to对.的反应79. be limited to/limit to对.的限制巩固练习1.单词拼写1. If we interfere with nature, we will have to deal with the _(结果，后果).2. He _( 成功)in signing the contact with the company.3. The team will d_ lose if he doesnt join in it.4. Please be quiet. I have an a_ to make.5. It was several days before the floodwater sank and life returned to n_.6. He has decided to go abroad to study with the i_ of improving his English and finding a better job when he returns.7. He is not Mr. Smiths real son. He is only his a_ child.8. Before you join the company, youll have to have a m_ examination.9. For Chinese, this kind of report could t_ ruin their trust of certain western media.10. Archaeology (考古学) as a p_ faces two major problems.11. The teacher encouraged the children to b_ well and not to be a discredit (丢脸) in public.12. The schoolboys are more c_ not to make any mistakes in spelling than ever before.13. The m_ of children, that is two out of three, in our class have brown eyes; only three have blue eyes.14. America is one of the d_ countries in the world.15. When my old friend Brian _(力劝) me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear.16. Do you _(倡导)keeping all children at school till the age of 16?17. He_(下结论) from their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan.18. The very genes that make crops _( 有抵抗力的)to pests and disease could be harmful to animals.19. In our daily life, some frequent _(灾难) happen not because of something small but something good.20. I talked to my friends about it and they are all in f_ of giving up the plan.21. The little boy began to make some money by d_ the mails.22. G_ speaking , the more expensive the MP4 is , the better it is.23. The first organ transplant was successfully p_ in the USA in the 1950.24. My computer began to return to _running state after I killed the virus by newly-updated Kill 3000.25. With an effort of will, he _(抵制)the temptation.26. The heated discussion eventually turned into an a_.27. _(焦虑) can interfere with childrens performance at school.28. The builders at the c_ site worked hard day and night.29. The old woman teacher little knew that she was s_ ill herself.30. The successful cloning of this baby was seen as a medical b_.31. Have you got any _(评论) on the recent stock market?32. In the drought-stricken areas, people are in _(急切地) need of water.33. It is i_ to drive in a way that endangers the lives of other people on the road.34. Its important for us to own a high standard of _ (道德) in our daily life.35. My brother is a c_ motorist; he never does any dangerous driving.II. 单项选择1. They urged that the library _open during the vacation.A. must be kept B. is kept C. would be kept D. be kept2. If he continues like this , he will _ a stone only to have it dropped on his own foot, just as the old saying goes.A. end up to lift B. end up lifting C. end up in liftingD. end up with lifting3. If you have good reading strategies, what seems confusing at first _ upon further reading.A. makes sense B. works C. counts D. pays4. This method, _ in areas near Shanghai, _ in a marked rise in total production.A. trying ; resulting B. tried; resulted C. trying; resultedD. tried ; resulting5. The weather report says it will _ fine tomorrow.A. turn up B. turn out C. turn on D. turn in 6. Arriving at the square, we found the singer _ in white and _by a large crowd.A. dressed; surrounded B. dressing; surrounded C. dressed; surrounding D. dressing; surrounding 7. Mr. Jackson wanted nothing but _ a word with you.A. have B. having C. to have D. had 8. Its a common _ that a person will be sentenced to death if he/ she commits murder in China.A. tradition B. sense C. practice D. habit9. More and more scientists are afraid that the genes that make crops _ pests and disease could be harmful to humans.A. to resist B. resistant to C. go against D. to go against10. This is the _ Mp3 I lost last week.A. very B. just C. right D. exactly11. _, it is our duty to learn our lessons well, as