人教版必修五unit 1 great scientists grammar课件（18张）.pptx

必修五unit1greatscientists learningaboutlanguage discoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsgrammardiscoveringusefulstructures learningaboutlanguage discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions ex 1findthewordandexpressionfromthetextforeachofthefollowingmeanings 1 someonewhosufferswhensomethingbadhappens2 adoctor3 toexamineandthinkaboutsomethingcarefully4 towinavictoryoversomeone victim physician analyse defeat 5 somethingthattestsstrength skillorability6 aquestionyouasktogetinformation7 amachineforraisingwater8 tosayorthinkthatsomeoneorsomethingisresponsibleforsomethingbad9 totakein10 toconnectsomethingwithsomethingelse challenge enquiry pump blame absorb link to ex 2choosethewordsintheircorrectformstocompletethispassage foreseecuresevereexpertattendannouncesuspectconcludeexpose simonleewasafamousfootballerbuthiscareercametoanendwhenhedevelopeda illness hisdoctor thatsimonhadbeen toanewvirus allattemptsbythe to himfailed simon thathewouldnotgetbetterand thathemustleavefootball finally he thathewouldmakeanewcareercoachingyoungfootballplayers athislastmatchallhisfans andpraisedhimbysingingthepopularsong thanksforthememory severe suspected exposed experts cure foresaw concluded announced attended ex 3sometimesinenglishweputtheverbmakewithanouninsteadofusingasimpleverb forexample makeamistakeinsteadoftomistake lookatthesesimpleverbsandmakeanotherconstructionusingmake a noun addonemoreofyourown makeasuggestion makeaplan makeaspeech makeachange makeaninvestigation makeadecision makeacontribution makeanoise makeadescription tochoose makeachoice 过去分词作定语1 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在所修饰的名词之前 过去分词短语作定语一般要后置 twomarriedwomenafoundumbrellaausedstampfallenleavesanovelwrittenbyjimthelettersenttoourboss2 过去分词具有被动或完成的含义 what sthelanguagespokeningermany theydecidedtorebuildthedamagedbridge 3 过去分词作定语常可扩展为一个定语从句 heisfondofthefoodcooked whichhadbeencooked byyourmother thereportisthebestofitskindeverwritten thathaseverbeenwritten 4 有时通过一个形容词或数词加另一名词的 ed形式构成复合形容词 athree leggeddeskaone eyeddoganhonest facedmanawarm heartedlady a 用作前置定语的过去分词通常来自及物动词 带有被动意义和完成意义 例如 welikeskatinginthefrozenlakeinthewinter welikeskatinginthelakewhichhasbeenfrozeninthewinter howmanyfinishedproductshaveyougotuptonow howmanyproductsthathavebeenfinishedhaveyougotuptonow 来自不及物动词的过去分词很少能单独用作前置定语 能作这样用的仅限以下几个词 这时仅表示完成意义 不表示被动意义 例如 aretiredworker aworkerwhohasretiredanescapedprisoner aprisonerwhohasescapedafaded witheredflower aflowerthathasfaded witheredfallenleaves leavesthathavefallentherisensun thesunthathasjustrisenareturnedstudent astudentwhohasreturnedvanishedtreasure treasurethathasvanished b 用作后置定语的过去分词通常也来自及物动词 表示被动意义和完成意义 这时过去分词相当于一个定语从句 例如 thingsseenarebetterthanthingsheard thingswhichareseenarebetterthanthingswhichareheard thelobsterbroiledovercharcoalwasdelicious thelobsterwhichwasbroiledovercharcoalwasdelicious 过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态 用作表语的过去分词大多来自及物动词 不及物动词的过去分词能作表语的只限于少数表示位置转移的动词 如go come assemble等 它们用在连系动词之后 表示完成意义 无被动意义 例如 themanlookedquitedisappointed heisgreatlydiscouragedbyherrefusal hishairisnearlyallgone 已经形容词化了的过去分词大多可作表语 常见的有accomplished amazed amused astonished broken closed completed complicated confused crowded devoted disappointed discouraged drunk excited frightened hurt interested lost satisfied surprised worried等 discoveringusefulstructures ex 2completethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning seatsreservedby waterpollutedby aroomcrowdedwith awinnerpleasedwith astonishedchildren abrokenvase acloseddoor thetiredaudience atrappedanimal ex 3completethesentencesusingthepastparticipleasthepredicative hegot aboutlosingthemoney thepainterlookedso afterworkingforawholeday iwas withthefilmisawlastnight ihadexpectedittobebetter