译林版模块五Unit 1 getting along with others Grammar and usage课件（15张）.pptx

unit1gettingalongwithothers grammarandusage step1 课前预习说出下列谚语的中文意思及划线部分的用法 abadbeginningmakesabadending 2 seeingisbelieving 3 amanbecomeslearnedbyaskingquestions 动名词的概念和句法功能 一 概念动名词是由动词转化而来的名词 所以它可在句中作主语 宾语 表语及定语 它表示的动作比较抽象 或者是习惯性的 二 句法功能1 主语 subject 谓语动词用单数 swimmingisgoodforyourhealth it snouse goodarguingwithhim 用it作形式主语 2 表语 predicative herjobiswashing cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren myjobisteachingenglish 3 宾语 object 动词后宾语heenjoysplayingthepiano 介词后宾语heisfondofwatchingfootballgames 下列动词只能 v ing作宾语 不用todoavoid enjoy mind consider 考虑 delay escapepractise suggest miss risk等 避免错过 喜欢冒险 考虑建议 推迟练习 介意逃避 动词短语 ving lookforwardto devote to 致力于 beusedto 习惯于做 objectto 反对 payattentionto getdownto 从事干 feellike insteadof spendtime in havesomedifficulty trouble in betiredof 对做 感到厌倦 can tstand insist 4 定语 动名词作定语表示名词的目的或用途 常可改为for介词短语 1 thewaterherecan tbeusedasdrinkingwater 2 boyslikeswimmingintheswimmingpoolinsummer 5 动名词的逻辑主语 possessivepronouns 及复合结构 compoundnoun herswimminghasimprovedsinceshestartedtrainingeveryday mary slaughingmadetomangry带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构 当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时 要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格 这便构成了动名词的复合结构 其中物主代词 名词所有格 是逻辑上的主语 动名词是逻辑上的谓语 hercomingtohelpencouragedallofus jane sbeingcarelesscausedsomuchtrouble what stroublingthemistheirnothavingenoughfood 在口语中 如果动名词复合结构作宾语 其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格 名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替 但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替 wouldyoumindmy meusingyourcomputer his 不可用him smokingmadehisfamilyangry 小试身手 一 完成下列练习 1 it snouse cry overspiltmilk 2 hishobbyis paint 3 doyoumind my smoke here 4 limitednaturalresourcesshouldbemadefulluseof meet the increase needofenergy 5 after interview forthejob youwillberequiredtotakealanguagetest 6 sheadmitted take thekeyfromdadyesterday crying painting me mysmoking tomeet increasing beinginterviewed taking havingtaken 自学导引 二 用法上的区别1 在allow advise forbid permit等动词后直接跟动词做宾语时 要用动名词 如果有名词或代词做宾语 然后再跟动词做宾语补足语 其宾语补足语用带to的不定式 wedon tallowsmokinghere wedon tallowstudentstosmoke studentsarenotallowedtosmoke2 动词need want require作 需要 之意时 其后跟动词作它的宾语时 必须用动名词形式 或不定式的被动式 这时 动名词的主动式表示被动意义 主语不能做后面所说之事 1 mycarneeds wants requiresrepairing 2 mycarneeds wants requirestoberepaired 3 有些短语后既可跟动名词也可跟不定式 意思差别小 如 begin start like love prefer hate等4 有些短语后既可跟动名词也可跟不定式 意思有差别 forget stop goon mean regret remember try can thelp等 1 pleaseremembertohandinyourhomeworktomorrow 2 herememberedlockingthedoor hewasnotworried3 ican thelp to carrytheboxforyou asi mtootired 4 ican thelpcrying 小试身手 二 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1 heforgot tell methenews soididn tknow 2 heforgot tell methenews hetoldmeagain 3 itwasraininghard buthewenton work inthefields 4 hewenton do anotherexperiment 5 shecan thelp clean thehousebecauseshe sbusymakingacake 6 mybikeneeds repair totell telling working todo toclean torepair repairing 自学导引 三 区分 动名词的一般式与完成式 主动态与被动态动名词的基本形式 小试身手 三 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1 iamthinkingof get anewdictionary 2 heforgot promise towritethingsforus 3 thehouseshowednosignof damage 4 heavoided see byotherpeopleinpublic getting promsing beingdamaged beingseen step4当堂检测1 insomepartoflondon missingabusmeans foranotherhour a waitingb towaitc waitd tobewaiting2 howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers thekey theproblemistomeetthedemand bythecustomersa tosolving makingb tosolving madec tosolve makingd tosolve made3 it snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelpa tohavehadb havinghadc haved having4 hegotwell preparedforthejobinterview forhecouldn trisk thegoodopportunity a toloseb losingc tobelostd beinglost5 everybodyinthevillagelikesjackbecauseheisgoodattellingand jokes a turningupb puttingupc makingupd showingup 6 ireallycan tunderstand herlikethat a youtreatb youtotreatc whytreatd youtreating7 markoftenattemptstoescape wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations abeenfinedbtohavebeenfined 罚款 ctobefineddbeingfined8 mywifesaidinherletterthatshewouldappreciate fromyousometime atohaveheardbtohearcforhearingdhearing9 thethieftookawaythewoman swalletwithout a beingseenb seeingc himseeingd seeinghim10 yourshirtneeds you dbetterhaveitdonetoday a ironb toiron 熨烫 c ironingd beingironed 11 thoughthelittleboydidn tadmit hewascaught intheshop a tostealb stealingc steald stole12 i veenjoyed totalkwithyou a tobeableb beingablec tobeenabled ofbeingable 1 ifyoukeeppracticingspeakenglish youcanlearnenglishwell 2 doyouhaveanyclotheswashing3 isitnecessaryofhimtoreturnthebookimmediately 4 ifoundthatveryeasytogetonwithhim 5 heisalwaysthefirst